The VAlTiCrMo and (VAlTiCrMo)Nx coatings were prepared by sputtering V–Al–Ti–Cr–Mo splicing targets. The microstructure and chemical composition were analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), ...scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The high-entropy alloy coating and the corresponding nitride coating have body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) structures respectively. Nitriding changes the phase structure and growth mode of the high-entropy coating, and the synthesized high-entropy nitride coatings are more compact. Meanwhile, the introduction of nitrogen leads to severe lattice distortion, which improves the mechanical properties of the high-entropy coating. As the nitriding degree increases, the corrosion resistance of the high-entropy nitride coatings in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution is improved. The synthesized (VAlTiCrMo)Nx coating exhibits optimized mechanical properties and nobler corrosion resistance when the N2 flow is 800 sccm.
Corrosion inhibition by the microstructures of the VAlTiCrMo and its nitride coatings. Display omitted
•VAlTiCrMo high-entropy alloy coating and its nitride coatings prepared by splicing targets.•The change of coating structure is more obvious with the increase of nitrogen flow rate.•The introduction of nitrogen changed the structure of the coating from BCC to FCC.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Summary:
Identification of replication origins is playing a key role in understanding the mechanism of DNA replication. This task is of great significance in DNA sequence analysis. Because of its ...importance, some computational approaches have been introduced. Among these predictors, the iRO-3wPseKNC predictor is the first discriminative method that is able to correctly identify the entire replication origins. For further improving its predictive performance, we proposed the Pseudo k-tuple GC Composition (PsekGCC) approach to capture the “GC asymmetry bias” of yeast species by considering both the GC skew and the sequence order effects of
k
-tuple GC Composition (
k
-GCC) in this study. Based on PseKGCC, we proposed a new predictor called iRO-PsekGCC to identify the DNA replication origins. Rigorous jackknife test on two yeast species benchmark datasets (
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
,
Pichia pastoris
) indicated that iRO-PsekGCC outperformed iRO-3wPseKNC. It can be anticipated that iRO-PsekGCC will be a useful tool for DNA replication origin identification.
Availability and implementation:
The web-server for the iRO-PsekGCC predictor was established, and it can be accessed at
http://bliulab.net/iRO-PsekGCC/
.
A near-infrared nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dot (N,S-CD)-based ratiometric fluorescent probe is proposed that is synthesized via hydrothermal approach using glutathione and formamide as ...precursor for sensing and imaging of Zn
2+
. The prepared N,S-CDs facilitate binding with Zn
2+
owing to N and S atom doping. The ratio (I
650
/I
680
) of fluorescence intensity at 650 nm and 680 nm increased with the concentrations of Zn
2+
when the excitation wavelength was 415 nm. The linearity range was 0.01 to 1.0 μM Zn
2+
with a detection limit of 5.0 nM Zn
2+
. The proposed probe was applied to label-free monitoring of Zn
2+
in real samples and fluorescent imaging of Zn
2+
in living cells, which confirmed its promising applications.
Graphical abstract
As an essential part of the future national energy system, hydrogen energy has the advantages of clean, long-time scale energy storage and good complementary characteristics to electrical power, ...making it an important player in the low-carbon transformation of energies. However, the long timescale storage characteristics and tradability of hydrogen energy are rarely considered in existing capacity allocation optimization methods for hydrogen integrated energy systems(HIES). Meanwhile, the impact of the physical characteristics of the hydrogen storage equipment is rarely considered in the construction of HIES. Therefore, this paper proposes a new capacity allocation method for HIES in industrial park considering hydrogen trading and long-term hydrogen storage. The proposed capacity allocation optimization method is a bilevel mixed-integer linear programming model, which is solved by the reconfiguration decomposition algorithm. The nonlinear constraint problem due to the physical characteristics of the hydrogen storage device is solved by the Big-M method and the binary method. The proposed method can effectively improve the economy of HIES and reduce the cost of hydrogen production. Meanwhile, the reconstruction decomposition algorithm can effectively solve the bilevel mixed integer programing model. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce hydrogen production economics by 28%. Considering hydrogen trading, the total investment and operating cost of HIES is reduced by 25%, while long-term hydrogen storage can reduce the cost of hydrogen production for HIES and reduce the impact of hydrogen trading fluctuations.
Development of metal-doped carbon dots (CDs) to effectively modulate their electronic properties and surface chemical reactivities is still in its early stage. In this paper, a facile solid-phase ...synthesis strategy was developed to synthesize Cu-doped CDs (Cu-CDs) using citric acid as the carbon source and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O as the dopant, respectively. The as-prepared Cu-CDs exhibited superior peroxidase-like activity to horseradish peroxidase and were stable under a wide range of pH and temperatures. Consequently, the Cu-CD-based chemiluminescence sensing was applied to sensitively detect glucose with a low detection limit of 0.32 μM, and the recoveries and the relative standard deviation of the serum sample are 87.2–112.2 and 8.16% (n = 6), respectively. Notably, the proposed chemiluminescence sensing was also successfully applied for label-free detection of glucose in complex biological samples, which envisioned its potential applications in clinical diagnosis and other analytical assays.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
While soil nitrogen (N) losses under drip irrigation water and fertilizer management have become a key issue in global environmental N pollution, no current systematic review of this issue exists in ...the literature. Drawn from the Web of Science Core Collection database, 290 related articles were identified as research subjects (1991–2022). To reveal the basic characteristics, research power, hotspots and future perspectives of this research field, an in-depth bibliometrics analysis and graphical knowledge display were undertaken by using CiteSpace software. By analyzing the evolution process of keywords, greenhouse gases, water use efficiency and crop yield have been research hotspots of this field in recent years. Irrigation systems, soil moisture, fertigation and N losses have always been the core research topics. The focus on N losses pathways has gradually shifted from nitrate (NO3-) leaching alone to comprehensive consideration of multiple losses pathways including NO3- leaching, and emissions of N2O, NH3 and NO. The corresponding water and fertilizer management strategies have gradually shifted from concentrating on water and fertilizer application amounts to diversified management methods involving combinations of amounts, methods and types. Moreover, the development and widespread application of new water and fertilizer management technologies and exogenous additives have further enriched the research direction of soil N losses under drip irrigation water and fertilizer management. Future research still needs to explore how to balance high crop yields and minimize environmental impacts, which will provide effective strategies for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and mitigating global warming.
Display omitted
•Balancing high crop yields and environmental effects is the main issue.•Research topics shifted from NO3- leaching to multiple losses pathways.•Greenhouse gas emission, water use efficiency and crop yield are hotspots currently.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In recent years, high-entropy alloy (HEA) films, with excellent comprehensive performance due to their unique structure, have received wide attention from scientists and engineers all over the world. ...In this work, the VAlTiCrCu HEA films with different deposition temperatures (100 °C–400 °C) were synthesized successfully on 304 stainless steel using a facile splicing target technology by magnetron sputtering. The microstructure, mechanical properties and tribo-corrosion behavior were studied in detail. It was found that the VAlTiCrCu HEA films with different deposition temperatures were all composed of a single BCC phase, which was in good agreement with the thermodynamic calculation. The VAlTiCrCu HEA films deposited at 300 °C have the best mechanical properties and corrosion-resistance. In the tribo-corrosion test, the HEA films behaved differently in NaCl, H2SO4 and NaOH solutions. In NaCl solution, the HEA films were seriously corroded due to the strong pitting corrosion of Cl− ions despite the formation of tribo-corrosion products, while in NaOH solution, the HEA films suffered the most serious wear due to the oxidation film and corrosion products were washed away. The lowest friction coefficient and wear area were found in H2SO4, showing the best tribo-corrosion resistance, which was attributed to the hindering effect of SO42− on pitting nucleation and the protection provided by the formation of tribo-corrosion products.
•BCC VAlTiCrCu HEA films were successfully synthesized by DC magnetron sputtering.•A specific spliced target with a certain order of different single metal blocks were used.•Tribo-corrosion behavior of HEA films in NaCl, H2SO4 and NaOH were discussed in detail.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Accurate identification of intrinsically disordered proteins/regions (IDPs/IDRs) is critical for predicting protein structure and function. Previous studies have shown that IDRs of different lengths ...have different characteristics, and several classification-based predictors have been proposed for predicting different types of IDRs. Compared with these classification-based predictors, the previously proposed predictor IDP-CRF exhibits state-of-the-art performance for predicting IDPs/IDRs, which is a sequence labeling model based on conditional random fields (CRFs). Motivated by these methods, we propose a predictor called IDP-FSP, which is an ensemble of three CRF-based predictors called IDP-FSP-L, IDP-FSP-S, and IDP-FSP-G. These three predictors are specially designed to predict long, short, and generic disordered regions, respectively, and they are constructed based on different features. To the best of our knowledge, IDP-FSP is the first predictor that combines a sequence labeling algorithm with IDRs of different lengths. Experimental results using two independent test datasets show that IDP-FSP achieves better or at least comparable predictive performance with 26 existing state-of-the-art methods in this field, proving the effectiveness of IDP-FSP.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PurposeStandardised Training of Paediatric Resident (STPR) plays an essential role in training qualified paediatricians. Until now, China had no paediatric resident competency index system to ...effectively guide and evaluate the competence of paediatric residents. This study aimed to establish a competency index system for paediatric residents in China to provide a reference for improving the training system and quality of STPR.Study design and settingThis study conducted two rounds of Delphi expert consultation survey among paediatric medical experts (n=16), followed by screening, revising and supplementing indicators using the boundary value method. Next, the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weight of indicators and finally establish a competency index system for paediatric residents.ResultsThe results of the statistical analysis revealed a positive coefficient of 100% for both rounds of expert consultation. The expert authority coefficient values were 0.82 and 0.83, and the expert coordination coefficient test was p<0.01. After referring to experts’ opinions, a competency index system for paediatric residents with 5 primary indicators, 14 secondary indicators and 73 tertiary indicators was finally formed and the weight of each indicator was calculated. The five primary indicators were professional quality (0.3187), knowledge and skills (0.2734), communication and cooperation (0.1986), lifelong learning (0.1302), and teaching ability (0.0791).ConclusionsIn this study, a competency index system for paediatric residents was constructed following the characteristics and quality requirements for paediatric residents in China and is expected to significantly improve the overall level of paediatricians’ medical service quality and supply.
The amplification and propagation properties of transverse electric (TE) phonon polaritons in a two-hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)-layer structure are investigated theoretically. The excitation of TE ...phonon polaritons with strong confinement in the two-hBN-layer structure is investigated numerically. We found that in the two-hBN-layer structure, a nearly perfect absorption exists, which originates from the excitation of the TE phonon polaritons with high effective index. When the incident angle is near the absorption angle, we found that a large photonic spin Hall effect of the reflected beam exists owing to the sharp decrease in Fresnel reflective coefficients around the perfect absorption.
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