Abstractor
This article aimed at the interfacial de-bonding between the stringer and skin when the structure is under post-buckling loads. A four-point bending test was set up, and the cohesive zone ...model (CZM) was employed considering the effects of through-thickness compression on the inter-laminar shear failure of composite laminates. The numerical result is in good agreement with the experimental one. The results indicate that: embedded defect at the flange/skin interface has a slight influence on the load capacity of the structure, but embedded defect at the flange/radius-filler interface has a significant influence on the load capacity of the structure, and delamination always initiated at the flange/radius-filler interface. The presence of inner corner defects in the filled area has a greater impact on the load capacity of the structure, the load capacity is in direct proportion to the width of corner defects.
Special economic zones (SEZs) have been used as an important national development instrument around the world for the past several decades. While SEZs have continued to grow, they vary considerably ...across developing countries in form, function and effectiveness. This wide variation challenges development scholars and policymakers to probe factors that render some SEZs more successful than others and at certain stages of development than at others, and, second, allow some SEZs to sustain their success while triggering others to fail or become obsolete. China stands out not only in having created the largest number and variety of SEZs but also in building some SEZs in other developing countries. With this exceptional combination of inside and outside experience with SEZs, China presents a timely opportunity for reassessing the new global landscape of SEZs. This paper traces the evolution of SEZ development in China and draws out policy lessons.
Background
Previous studies have documented the therapeutic value of computed tomography (CT)‐guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) for early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, ...few studies have focused on patients aged 80 years and older. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of CT‐guided percutaneous MWA in patients aged 80 years and older with early‐stage peripheral NSCLC.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 63 patients aged 80 years and older with cT1a‐2bN0M0 peripheral NSCLC who underwent CT‐guided percutaneous MWA was performed between January 2008 and January 2018 at 11 hospitals in Shandong Province, China.
Results
The median follow‐up time was 21.0 months. The overall median survival time was 50 months. The cancer‐specific median survival time was not reached in five years. The one‐, two‐, three‐, four‐, and five‐year overall survival rates were 97.1%, 92.6%, 63.4%, 54.4%, and 32.6%, respectively. The one‐, two‐, and three‐year cancer‐specific survival (CSS) rates were 97.9%, 97.9%, and 69.4%, respectively. The four‐ and five‐year CSS rates were not achieved. A total of 14 patients (22.2%) had local progression. The one‐, two‐, three‐, four‐, and five‐year local control rates were 88.8%, 78.8%, 70.3%, 63.9%, and 63.9%, respectively. The mortality rate was 0% within 30 days after the procedure. Major complications included pneumothorax requiring drainage (21.1%), pulmonary infection (4.2%), and pleural effusions requiring drainage (2.8%).
Conclusions
CT‐guided percutaneous MWA is a safe and effective modality for treating patients aged 80 years and older with early‐stage peripheral NSCLC.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Teaching qualitative research (QR) in China is challenging due to its short and scattered history with a Western origin and complicated domestic sociopolitical context. This article introduces two ...strategies that have been developed to address these challenges: pedagogy of unity of knowing and doing (zhi xing he yi知行合一), and practical reasoning (shi jian li xing实践理性). These strategies resonate with the Chinese cultural beliefs of learning by doing in real contexts and learning with appropriate adaptation and flexibility. By exploring the meanings of these strategies, the article aims to claim that the Chinese indigenous epistemology and methodology can shed light on the understanding of knowledge and knowledge production in QR, and that Chinese cultural practice can make contributions to the glocal dialogue on QR.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This two-year study explores the sociocultural factors for the mobility decisions and trajectories of 7 rural teachers in southwest China. It finds that those who teach outside their home regions ...tend to make efforts to return to their hometown in order to gain a sense of belonging, in addition to pursuing better working and living conditions. Several factors, such as lack of a sense of belonging, linking personal success to their family, and filial piety to their parents, motivate these teachers to make decisions to return to their hometown. In their hometown areas, their selection of final destination is also linked with their concern to bring glory and benefits to their family and community. Their tendency to take family and community into consideration is intrinsically linked to the Chinese cultural sense of self or personhood. These findings imply that emotional attachment and identity construction of individual teachers should be taken into consideration to recruit and retain teachers in schools in impoverished rural regions.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The hybrid of the fuel cell (FC) and ultra-capacitor (UC) has the benefit of compensating the slow dynamic response of FC. An optimal fuzzy energy management strategy (EMS) is proposed considering ...prolong the lifetime of FC. To optimize the parameters of fuzzy membership functions in EMS, an improved genetic algorithm (GA) including constraint handling and the maintain operator, is designed by minimizing the current and voltage fluctuation of FC. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed approach can efficiently allocate the hybrid energy and smooth the output of FC under the required power change condition.
Abstract Hybrid interference‐fit bolted‐bonded (HIBB) composite joint has a wide application prospect in improving bearing capacity of the hybrid structure. In order to deeply understand its load ...sharing mechanism, an analytical stiffness prediction model of HIBB composite joint was established, considering the influence of interference‐fit percentage, preload, friction coefficient, adhesive property, material performance, secondary bending moment and other parameters. Corresponding experiments were carried out to determine the experimental secondary bending moment coefficient, and the accuracy of the model was further verified. Research on HIBB composite joint shows that the hybrid form increases the adhesive failure displacement but has no effect on failure load. Before adhesive failure occurs, bolted joint stiffness is small and bolt load will increase suddenly to bear the load loss caused by the adhesive failure. It is further found that load‐sharing ratio of the bolt and total load of the structure increase with the increase of interference when adhesive failure occurs. Preload and friction coefficient have limited influence on total load of the structure at this moment, but have great influence on the bearing capacity of pure bolted structure after adhesive failure. The adhesive properties have great influence on the bearing capacity of bonded joint. Low modulus high strength adhesive can improve the load‐sharing ratio of bolt and enhance the bearing capacity by reducing the overall stiffness of the structure. Bearing mechanism of the two joint forms in the hybrid one was fully revealed, which provides a theoretical method for the application of HIBB composite joint. Highlights An analytical stiffness prediction model of HIBB composite joint was established to deeply understand its load sharing mechanism. Load sharing mechanism analysis and parametric research for the two joint forms were carried out and influences on stiffness were obtained. Low modulus high strength adhesive can improve the load‐sharing ratio of bolt by reducing the overall structure stiffness. Bearing mechanism of the two joint forms in the hybrid one was revealed.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Since the wing is the principle bearing structure of aircraft,wing skin is repaired by using mechanically fastened joints. In this paper,scheme design,experimental verification,finite element ...analysis and design improvement investigation of aircraft composite wing panel with discrete-source damage were carried out. Firstly,the specimen with discrete-source damage and the repaired which used fastened joint repair method were designed and manufactured. Experimental verification of scheme design was performed. Load-carrying capacity of the repaired specimen increases about 124%,compared to the unrepaired,which fully meet the design requirements. Then,for further analysis,two different specimens’ FEM models were established.The results showed that the initial repaired scheme was conservative,and the cost of structure weight was increased. Finally,three improved design configurations were proposed,and the load-carrying capacity of configuration II increased by 4. 7%,its structure weight decreased by 3. 9%. This re
As countries worldwide aim to reform their education systems and improve teaching and learning, lesson study (LS), which originated in East Asia, has recently attracted great attention. In order for ...international educators and policy makers to better understand the history and the state of the art of LS in East Asia, this article introduces three typical models in Japan, Mainland China and Hong Kong. First, they are described with regard to their distinct features, historical origin and development, goals and objectives, mechanisms of implementation, actual achievements, and structural constraints. Their commonalities and differences are then compared, and especially how and why these differences emerge in the specific sociocultural contexts of the regions. Finally, policy implications are discussed to provide insights for the other education systems in their policy making and implementation of similar reform practices.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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