Emulation of photonic synapses through photo‐recordable devices has aroused tremendous discussion owing to the low energy consumption, high parallel, and fault‐tolerance in artificial neuromorphic ...networks. Nonvolatile flash‐type photomemory with short photo‐programming time, long‐term storage, and linear plasticity becomes the most promising candidate. Nevertheless, the systematic studies of mechanism behind the charge transfer process in photomemory are limited. Herein, the physical properties of APbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) on the photoresponsive characteristics of derived poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT)/PQDs‐based photomemory through facile A‐site substitution approach are explored. Benefitting from the lowest valance band maximum and longest exciton lifetime of FAPbBr3 quantum dot (FA‐QDs), P3HT/FA‐QDs‐derived photomemory not only exhibits shortest photoresponsive characteristic time compared to FA0.5Cs0.5PbBr3 quantum dots (Mix‐QDs) and CsPbBr3 quantum dots (Cs‐QDs) but also displays excellent ON/OFF current ratio of 2.2 upon an extremely short illumination duration of 1 ms. Moreover, the device not only achieves linear plasticity of synapses by optical potentiation and electric depression, but also successfully emulates the features of photon synaptic such as pair‐pulse facilitation, long‐term plasticity, and multiple spike‐dependent plasticity and exhibits extremely low energy consumption of 3 × 10−17 J per synaptic event.
Engineering of minimum photo‐recording time in poly(3‐hexylthiophene)/APbBr3 perovskite quantum dots‐based photomemory via facile an A‐site substitution approach is demonstrated. poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl)/FAPbBr3 quantum dot‐derived photomemory displays an extremely short programming time of 1 ms and enables the extremely low energy consumption of 3 × 10−17 J per synaptic event on the application of photonic synapse.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks have attracted considerable attention as transparent electrodes for emerging flexible optoelectronics. However, the transference of such networks onto diverse ...arbitrary substrates with high conductivity remains a challenge because of the possibility of detaching and sliding occurring at the interface. Therefore, we developed a water-assisted transfer printing method for the fabrication and transfer of an AgNW-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) electrode. This innovative approach exhibits a robust ability for thin film transfer onto arbitrary substrates and has highly controlled and nondestructive characteristics. The obtained electrodes exhibited a high ratio of DC conductivity to optical conductivity of 200, a low sheet resistance of 9 Ω sq-1 at 82%, tensile strain (0% to 50%), and flexibility (bending radius of less than 2 mm) without significant loss of conductivity compared with devices fabricated through conventional methods. Furthermore, we demonstrated a novel textile-based flexible light-emitting electrochemical cell (PLEC) based on the stretchable AgNW-PDMS electrode and buckling concept, thereby realizing highly stretchable PLECs with excellent performance and mechanical robustness. The luminance intensity of the strained device was optimized to 58 cd m-2 at 7 V under 10% linear strain without damaging the electroluminescence properties. Notably, this effective and practical transfer method provides a way to develop electronic nanowire devices with unique configurations and high performances.
Self‐healing soft electronic material composition is crucial to sustain the device long‐term durability. The fabrication of self‐healing soft electronics exposed to high moisture environment is a ...significant challenge that has yet to be fully achieved. This paper presents the novel concept of a water‐assisted room‐temperature autonomous self‐healing mechanism based on synergistically dynamic covalent Schiff‐based imine bonds with hydrogen bonds. The supramolecular water‐assisted self‐healing polymer (WASHP) films possess rapid self‐healing kinetic behavior and high stretchability due to a reversible dissociation–association process. In comparison with the pristine room‐temperature self‐healing polymer, the WASHP demonstrates favorable mechanical performance at room temperature and a short self‐healing time of 1 h; furthermore, it achieves a tensile strain of 9050%, self‐healing efficiency of 95%, and toughness of 144.2 MJ m−3. As a proof of concept, a versatile WASHP‐based light‐emitting touch‐responsive device (WASHP‐LETD) and perovskite quantum dot (PeQD)‐based white LED backlight are designed. The WASHP‐LETD has favorable mechanical deformation performance under pressure, bending, and strain, whereas the WASHP‐PeQDs exhibit outstanding long‐term stability even over a period exceeding one year in a boiling water environment. This paper provides a mechanically robust approach for producing eco‐friendly, economical, and waterproof e‐skin device components.
This novel underwater self‐healing polymer, based on synergistically dynamic covalent Schiff‐based imine bonds with hydrogen bonds, is eco‐friendly, economical, waterproof, and resilient. It has outstanding performance in terms of stretchability (9050%), self‐healing efficiency (95%), self‐healing time (1 h at room temperature), and toughness (144.2 MJ m−3), giving it high potential for integration into underwater electronics.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Galectins are glycan-binding proteins that contain one or two carbohydrate domains and mediate multiple biological functions. By analyzing clinical tumor samples, the abnormal expression of galectins ...is known to be linked to the development, progression and metastasis of cancers. Galectins also have diverse functions on different immune cells that either promote inflammation or dampen T cell-mediated immune responses, depending on cognate receptors on target cells. Thus, tumor-derived galectins can have bifunctional effects on tumor and immune cells. This review focuses on the biological effects of galectin-1, galectin-3 and galectin-9 in various cancers and discusses anticancer therapies that target these molecules.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Mixed‐cation hybrid perovskite nanocrystal (HPNC) with high crystallinity, color purity, and tunable optical bandgap offers a practical pathway toward next‐generation displays. Herein, a two‐step ...modified hot‐injection combined with cation compositional engineering and surface treatment to synthesize high‐purity cesium/formamidinium lead bromide HPNCs(Cs1‐xFAxPbBr3) is presented. The optimized Cs0.5FA0.5PbBr3 light‐emitting devices (LEDs) exhibit uniform luminescence of 3500 cd m−2 and a prominent current efficiency of 21.5 cd A−1. As a proof of concept, a self‐healing polymer (SHP) integrated with white LED backlight and laser prototypes exhibited 4 h autonomous self‐healing through the synergistic effect of weak reversible imine bonds and stronger H‐bonds. First, the SHP‐HPNCs‐initial and SHP‐HPNCs‐cut possess high long‐term stability and dramatically suppressed lead leakage as low as 0.6 ppm along with a low leakage rate of 1.11 × 10−5 cm2 and 3.36 × 10−5 cm2 even over 6 months in water. Second, the Cs0.5FA0.5PbBr3 HPNCs and SHP‐induced shattered–repaired perovskite glass substrate show the lowest lasing threshold values of 1.24 and 8.58 µJ cm−2, respectively. This work provides an integrative and in‐depth approach to exploiting SHP with intrinsic and entropic self‐healing capabilities combined with HPNCs to develop robust and reliable soft‐electronic backlight and laser applications.
Novel post‐synthesis cesium/formamidinium (Cs/FA) mixed‐cation perovskite nanocrystals possess high structural and optoelectronic properties for integration in self‐healing polymer composites. Entropic‐driven self‐healing not only enhances white backlight display performance, but also sustains the working performance of a shattered–repaired glass substrate laser, thereby representing potentially major advances in optoelectronics and photonics applications.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Because of their exceptional physical and thermal properties, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a highly promising bio‐based material for reinforcing fillers. Studies have revealed that some ...functional groups from CNCs can be used as a capping ligand to coordinate with metal nanoparticles or semiconductor quantum dots during the fabrication of novel complex materials. Therefore, through CNCs ligand encapsulation and electrospinning, perovskite‐NC‐embedded nanofibers with exceptional optical and thermal stability are demonstrated. The results indicate that, after continuous irradiation or heat cycling, the relative photoluminescence (PL) emission intensity of the CNCs‐capped perovskite‐NC‐embedded nanofibers is maintained at ≈90%. However, the relative PL emission intensity of both ligand‐free and long‐alkyl‐ligand‐doped perovskite‐NC‐embedded nanofibers decrease to almost 0%. These results are attributable to the formation of specific clusters of perovskite NCs along with the CNCs structure and thermal property improvement of polymers. CNCs‐doped luminous complex materials offer a promising avenue for stability‐demanding optoelectronic devices and other novel optical applications.
Perovskite/ cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) encapsulated nanofiber (CNCs@PeNFs) for the white light‐emitting diodes through the electrospinning process are fabricated. The CNCs@PeNFs can maintain 90% intensity after five annealing cycles (from 20 to 140 °C) and 60% intensity after 6 h irritation of UV light, which are attributed to the complexation reaction between CNCs ligand and perovskite, and the cluster morphology within nanofibers.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The multi-step ligand exchanged process by silver (Ag)- trioctylphosphine (TOP) reinforce the optical properties (photoluminescence quantum yield, PLQY) of perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) for storing ...over one month, and generate highly superior light-emitting diode.
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•The superior PeQD is based on exchanging of bilateral affinity ligands (Ag-TOP).•Ag-TOP ligand exchanging film exhibits solvent and ambient stability over 1 month.•LED performance is enhanced by Ag-TOP ligand comparing to TOP or DDAB ligand.•The optimized device achieves maximum luminance of 3820 cd cm−2 and EQE 9.43%.
Perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) have been under commercial and functional development in recent years since they offer outstanding optoelectronic properties and solution processability. However, both insulating ligands around PeQDs and instability impair the performance of photoelectronic devices. Therefore, we introduce multi-step ligands exchange by silver (Ag)- trioctylphosphine (TOP) as short alkyl ligands to reinforce the optical properties and stability for PeQDs and successfully elevated light-emitting diodes characters. The PeQDs with Ag-TOP ligands (Ag@QD) perform higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY, ~93%), higher exciton binding energy (57.6 meV) with better solvent, temperature, and ambient stability over 1 month presenting better performances on comparison with conventional di-dodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) or TOP ligands. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time-resolved photoluminescence (TR-PL) measurement provides clear insight on bilateral affinity in Ag@QD illustrating excellent defect passivation and appropriate steric hindrance. Furthermore, we demonstrate Ag@QD with lower turn-on voltage (~2.8 V), high electroluminescence (~3820 cd/cm−2), and high efficiency (EQE ~ 9.43%).
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This review comprehensively covers the electrospun nanofiber, structural and morphological effects on optical sensing, and sensing characters towards environmental toxicants including recent trends, ...breakthroughs and future perspectives.
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•Electrospun optical nanofiber serves better for toxicant sensing.•Optical nanofiber membranes morphology governs the toxicant sensing.•Optical sensory nanofibers work promising with good sensitivity.•Sensing modes and easy readouts contributes for rapid toxicant detection.
Heavy metal and other toxicant detection in natural resources like water, air, soil and food is vital for environmental safety, personal hygiene, and public health care. Abundant number of sensor has acquired its wide and pivotal role in establishing the peaceful and healthy environments. The reliable features such as detection range, response/recovery time, stability and portability is in its urgency for achieving its lifetime applicability. For ultrasensitive chemosensory applications, colorimetric and fluorescent nanofibers engender a linear range, the lowest detection limit, and faster response toward harmful toxic pollutants such as heavy metals and other toxicants including gases, pH, temperature, humidity, and cancer cells. In this review, we surveyed various modes of sensing, sensor fabrication and the evolution of naked eye visible color optical sensors developed with electrospun nanofibrous membranes along with their strength and weaknesses. The review outlines the obstacles, trends and breakthroughs achieved in optical sensory nanofibers and it will definitely inspire the research community in recognizing and overcoming the interdisciplinary challenges to achieve the cleaner greener environment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A productive and novel method for fabricating stretchable transparent heaters with recognised thermochromic properties using commercially available thermochromic ink (TM-55-blue) and silver nanowire ...(AgNW)-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is proposed. Lower resistance, elevated heat generation, and higher transparencies were the expected essential prerequisites for the fabrication of items such as smart windows and window defrosters. AgNW-coated PDMS (hereafter PH devices) satisfied the essential prerequisites but did not produce sufficient color change. In addition to the appreciable electrical and optical characteristics and mechanical robustness, observable color changes represent a critical factor in effortless temperature monitoring by the heating device. Blending TM-55-blue thermochromic ink with PDMS (PBH device) improves the heating rate and color transformation and promotes the ultralow response time appreciably. More notably, it produces a visible transformation from blue to colorless. Color changes visible to the naked eye, ultralow response time, and heating rate represent valuable features for deploying the PBH devices as window defrosters and in smart window applications.
The as-designed heaters proved to be excellent candidates for employment in window defrosters, as they satisfy the essential prerequisites such as lower sheet resistance, high transparency, mechanical robustness and good stability to tensile strain.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK