In this contribution, new data concerning lichens and bryophytes of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records, exclusions, and confirmations to the Italian administrative regions for ...taxa in the lichen genera Athallia , Ramonia , Thelotrema , Pertusaria , Bryoplaca and in the bryophyte genera Dicranella , Bryum , and Scorpiurium .
In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera
Campylopus
,
Paludella
,
...Tortula
, and
Conocephalum
, the fungal genera
Agonimia
,
Buelliella
,
Entorrhiza
,
Filicupula
,
Poronia
, and
Sporisorium
, the lichen genera
Cladonia
,
Dibaeis
,
Lasallia
, and
Rhizocarpon
.
In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi, and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera
Diplophyllum
and
...Ptychostomum
, the fungal genera
Arrhenia
,
Gymnosporangium
, and
Sporidesmium
and the lichen genera
Arthonia
,
Coenogonium
,
Flavoplaca
,
Gyalolechia
,
Parmotrema
,
Peltigera
,
Pterygiopsis
,
Squamarina
,
Tornabea
, and
Waynea
.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi and lichens and of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera Dicranodontium , ...Fontinalis , Lophocolea and Riccia , the fungal genus Diplolaeviopsis , the lichen genera Agonimia , Cladonia , Protoparmelia , Rhizocarpon , and Scytinium .
Plants are key elements of wetlands due to their evolutionary strategies for coping with life in a water-saturated environment, providing the basis for supporting nearly all wetland biota and habitat ...structure for other taxonomic groups. Sardinia, the second largest island of the Mediterranean Basin, hosts a great variety of wetlands, of which 16 are included in eight Ramsar sites. The 119 hydro- and hygrophilous vascular plant taxa from Sardinia represent the 42.6% and 37.9% of the number estimated for Italy and Europe, respectively. Moreover, around 30% of Sardinia’s bryological flora, which is made up of 498 taxa, is present in temporary ponds. An overview at regional scale considering algae is not available, to our knowledge, even though several specific studies have contributed to their knowledge. In order to find the most investigated research themes and wetland types, identify knowledge gaps and suggest recommendations for further research, we present a first attempt to outline the work that has been hitherto done on plants in lentic habitats in Sardinia. Three plant groups (algae, bryophytes and vascular plants), and five research themes (conservation, ecology, inventory, palaeobotany and taxonomy) were considered. After a literature review, we retained 202 papers published from 1960 to 2019. We found that studies on vascular plants, as plant group, were disproportionately more numerous, and inventories and ecology were the most investigated research themes. Although efforts have recently been made to fill these long-lasting gaps, there is a need for updating the existing information through innovative methods and integrative approaches.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
In this contribution, new data concerning red algae, lichens and bryophytes of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the algal genus Grateloupia , the ...bryophyte genus Didymodon , and the lichen genera Buellia , Cladonia , Letharia , Pertusaria , and Pyrenula .
Invasive alien plants are a major threat to biodiversity and they contribute to the unfavourable conservation status of habitats of interest to the European Community. In order to favour ...implementation of European Union Regulation no. 1143/2014 on invasive alien species, the Italian Society of Vegetation Science carried out a large survey led by a task force of 49 contributors with expertise in vegetation across all the Italian administrative regions. The survey summed up the knowledge on impact mechanisms of invasive alien plants in Italy and their outcomes on plant communities and the EU habitats of Community Interest, in accordance with Directive no. 92/43/EEC. The survey covered 241 alien plant species reported as having deleterious ecological impacts. The data collected illustrate the current state of the art, highlight the main gaps in knowledge, and suggest topics to be further investigated. In particular, the survey underlined competition as being the main mechanism of ecological impact on plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats. Of the 241 species, only Ailanthus altissima was found to exert an ecological impact on plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats in all Italian regions; while a further 20 species impact up to ten out of the 20 Italian administrative regions. Our data indicate that 84 out of 132 Natura 2000 Habitats (64%) are subjected to some degree of impact by invasive alien plants. Freshwater habitats and natural and semi-natural grassland formations were impacted by the highest number of alien species, followed by coastal sand dunes and inland dunes, and forests. Although not exhaustive, this research is the first example of nationwide evaluation of the ecological impacts of invasive alien plants on plant communities and Natura 2000 Habitats.
•We surveyed impacts of IAPs on plant communities and Natura 2000 Habitats in Italy.•241 IAPs are impacting 84 Natura 2000 Habitats, with competition as main impact mechanism.•Information on IAPs impacts is very uneven at the national level.•Few IAPs are well-studied and impacts on Natura 2000 Habitats are scarcely known.•First evaluation of IAPs impacts on Natura 2000 Habitats at the national level.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Understanding how environmental pollutants influence plant occurrence, growth, and development is key for effective management plans and potential bioremediation. Rare plants, such as orchids, may ...occur in modified habitats and on soils containing heavy metals, yet their ecological and physiological responses to heavy metals is poorly understood. We investigated the influence of heavy metal pollution on orchid growth rates and interactions with soil fungal mutualists by comparing a large population of the orchid Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz subsp. tremolsii (Pau) E. Klein that grows on mine tailings in south-west Sardinia (Italy) with a population that grows on non-contaminated soils in central Sardinia. Soils of the contaminated site had high levels of heavy metals and low organic matter and nutritive elements content. We performed a morphological analysis on twenty individuals that have been subjected to measurement of bioaccumulation and translocation of heavy metals. Fungi associated with the roots of plants from the contaminated and uncontaminated site were grown and identified by DNA barcoding approach. Plants from the contaminated site were smaller than the ones growing in the uncontaminated site and were found to be able to tolerate heavy metals from the soil and to accumulate and translocate them into their organs. Fungi belonging to the genus Ilyonectria (Ascomycota) were found both in contaminated and uncontaminated sites, while an unidentified fungus was isolated from roots in the contaminated site only. These results are discussed in terms of orchids’ tolerance to heavy metals and its physiological and ecological mechanisms. The role of contaminated habitats in harbouring orchids and peculiar taxa is also discussed.
•Epipactis helleborine subsp. tremolsii grows on a heavy metal polluted mining area.•Individuals resulted significantly smaller in the contaminated site.•Accumulation and translocation of pollutants in plants' organs were confirmed.•Contribution of radical fungi on metal tolerance seems to be weak.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Invasive alien species are among the main global drivers of biodiversity loss posing major challenges to nature conservation and to managers of protected areas.
The present study applied a ...methodological framework that combined invasive Species Distribution Models, based on propagule pressure, abiotic and biotic factors for 14 invasive alien plants of Union concern in Italy, with the local interpretable model-agnostic explanation analysis aiming to map, evaluate and analyse the risk of plant invasions across the country, inside and outside the network of protected areas.
Using a hierarchical invasive Species Distribution Model, we explored the combined effect of propagule pressure, abiotic and biotic factors on shaping invasive alien plant occurrence across three biogeographic regions (Alpine, Continental, and Mediterranean) and realms (terrestrial and aquatic) in Italy. We disentangled the role of propagule pressure, abiotic and biotic factors on invasive alien plant distribution and projected invasion risk maps. We compared the risk posed by invasive alien plants inside and outside protected areas.
Invasive alien plant distribution varied across biogeographic regions and realms and unevenly threatens protected areas. As an alien's occurrence and risk on a national scale are linked with abiotic factors followed by propagule pressure, their local distribution in protected areas is shaped by propagule pressure and biotic filters. The proposed modelling framework for the assessment of the risk posed by invasive alien plants across spatial scales and under different protection regimes represents an attempt to fill the gap between theory and practice in conservation planning helping to identify scale, site, and species-specific priorities of management, monitoring and control actions. Based on solid theory and on free geographic information, it has great potential for application to wider networks of protected areas in the world and to any invasive alien plant, aiding improved management strategies claimed by the environmental legislation and national and global strategies.
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•Plant invasions vary across realms, biogeographic regions and protection regimes.•On a national scale invasion is promoted by abiotic factors and propagule pressure.•On protected areas, low anthropic pressure and biotic filters, regulate invasions.•Terrestrial plants represent a higher threat to protected areas than aquatic ones.•Spatial modelling aid tailored management across spatial and administrative scales.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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