SiPM-based readouts are becoming the standard for light detection in particle detectors given their superior resolution and ease of use with respect to vacuum tube photo-multipliers. However, the ...contributions of noise detection such as the dark rate, cross-talk, and after-pulsing (AP) may significantly impact their performance. In this work, we present the development of highly reflective single-phase argon chambers capable of displaying light yields up to 32 photo-electrons per keV, with approximately 12 being primary photo-electrons generated by the argon scintillation, while the rest are accounted by optical cross-talk. Furthermore, the presence of compound processes results in a generalized Fano factor larger than 2 already at an over-voltage of 5 V. Finally, we present a parametrization of the optical cross-talk for the FBK NUV-HD-Cryo SiPMs at 87 K that can be extended to future detectors with tailored optical simulations.
The use of nuclear emulsions in very large physics experiments is now possible thanks to the recent improvements in the industrial production of emulsions and to the development of fast automated ...microscopes. In this paper the hardware performances of the
European Scanning System (ESS) are described. The ESS is a very fast automatic system developed for the mass scanning of the emulsions of the OPERA experiment, which requires microscopes with scanning speeds of
∼
20
cm
2
/
h
in an emulsion volume of
44
μ
m
thickness.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Nuclear emulsion is a perfect choice for a detector for directional DM search because of its high density and excellent position accuracy. The minimal detectable track length of a recoil nucleus in ...emulsion is required to be at least 100nm, making the resolution of conventional optical microscopes insufficient to resolve them. Here we report about the R&D on a super-resolution optical microscope to be used in future directional DM search experiments with nuclear emulsion as a detector media. The microscope will be fully automatic, will use novel image acquisition and analysis techniques, will achieve the spatial resolution of the order of few tens of nm and will be capable of reconstructing recoil tracks with the length of at least 100nm with high angular resolution.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are excellent devices to detect the faint and short Cherenkov light emitted in high energy atmospheric showers, and therefore suitable for use in imaging air ...Cherenkov Telescopes. The high density Near Ultraviolet Violet SiPMs (NUV-HD3) produced by Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) in collaboration with INFN were used to equip optical modules for a possible upgrade of the Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope camera prototype, in the framework of the Cherenkov Telescope Array project. SiPMs are 6×6 mm
2
devices based on 40×40 μm
2
microcells optimized for photo-detection at the NUV wavelengths. More than 40 optical modules, each composed by a 4×4 array of SiPMs, were assembled. In this contribution we report on the development and on the assembly of the optical modules, their validation and integration in the camera.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The technique of nuclear emulsions for high-energy physics experiments is being revived, thanks to the remarkable progress in measurement automation achieved in the past years. The present paper ...describes the features and performances of the
European Scanning System, a last-generation automatic microscope working at a scanning speed of
20
cm
2
/
h
. The system has been developed in the framework of the OPERA experiment, designed to unambigously detect
ν
μ
→
ν
τ
oscillations in nuclear emulsions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Microbial lipids are produced by many oleaginous organisms including the well-characterized yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, which can be engineered for increased lipid yield by up-regulation of the lipid ...biosynthetic pathway and down-regulation or deletion of competing pathways.
We describe a strain engineering strategy centered on diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGA) gene overexpression that applied combinatorial screening of overexpression and deletion genetic targets to construct a high lipid producing yeast biocatalyst. The resulting strain, NS432, combines overexpression of a heterologous DGA1 enzyme from Rhodosporidium toruloides, a heterlogous DGA2 enzyme from Claviceps purpurea, and deletion of the native TGL3 lipase regulator. These three genetic modifications, selected for their effect on lipid production, enabled a 77 % lipid content and 0.21 g lipid per g glucose yield in batch fermentation. In fed-batch glucose fermentation NS432 produced 85 g/L lipid at a productivity of 0.73 g/L/h.
The yields, productivities, and titers reported in this study may further support the applied goal of cost-effective, large -scale microbial lipid production for use as biofuels and biochemicals.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
In 1897, sociologist Émile Durkheim published in his book the first body of research on the social causes of suicide. His research challenged the notion that suicide potential factors are limited to ...psychological or emotional conditions and found a link between suicide and an individual's social connectedness to one's society as a member of a collective group. Since this early work, there has been limited research focusing on suicidality and conditions that undermine the sense of belongingness to one's society. The current study examines suicidality among inner-city Black adolescents and young adults, the link to the social problem of discrimination, and the unique ways that it may behaviorally manifest in this population. This systematic review explores high-risk behaviors through a culturally sensitive framework that can be conceptualized as signs of suicide risk, intent, and behavior among this population. Further, the authors expand on the traditional method of suicide; the act of intentionally killing oneself, to examine the cultural function of a proposed form of suicide, victim-precipitated homicide, whereby individuals unconsciously or consciously aid in their own death through self-destructive behavior or violent confrontation (Chance et al., 1998; Parent & Verdun-Jones, 1998). A goal of this review is to shift away from the original view of victim-precipitated homicide which focused on the victim and instead examine the factors that perpetuate the psychological conditions that propels the behavior. The aim of this review is to shed light on cultural and situational forces that facilitate the risk of self-harm in Black adolescents and young adults. More importantly, this review also explores the need for improvements in the screening, detection, and prevention of suicidality that may be identified as high-risk or aggressive behaviors that result in violent death among this population.
•Homicides among Blacks may be a reflection of self-harm and suicidal behavior.•Racial discrimination increases risk of suicidal behavior among Blacks.•Culturally-responsive screening should be used for suicidal risk in Blacks.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In 1897, sociologist Émile Durkheim published in his book the first body of research on the social causes of suicide. His research challenged the notion that suicide potential factors are limited to ...psychological or emotional conditions and found a link between suicide and an individual's social connectedness to one's society as a member of a collective group. Since this early work, there has been limited research focusing on suicidality and conditions that undermine the sense of belongingness to one's society. The current study examines suicidality among inner-city Black adolescents and young adults, the link to the social problem of discrimination, and the unique ways that it may behaviorally manifest in this population. This systematic review explores high-risk behaviors through a culturally sensitive framework that can be conceptualized as signs of suicide risk, intent, and behavior among this population. Further, the authors expand on the traditional method of suicide; the act of intentionally killing oneself, to examine the cultural function of a proposed form of suicide, victim-precipitated homicide, whereby individuals unconsciously or consciously aid in their own death through self-destructive behavior or violent confrontation (Chance et al., 1998; Parent & Verdun-Jones, 1998). A goal of this review is to shift away from the original view of victim-precipitated homicide which focused on the victim and instead examine the factors that perpetuate the psychological conditions that propels the behavior. The aim of this review is to shed light on cultural and situational forces that facilitate the risk of self-harm in Black adolescents and young adults. More importantly, this review also explores the need for improvements in the screening, detection, and prevention of suicidality that may be identified as high-risk or aggressive behaviors that result in violent death among this population.
•Homicides among Blacks may be a reflection of self-harm and suicidal behavior.•Racial discrimination increases risk of suicidal behavior among Blacks.•Culturally-responsive screening should be used for suicidal risk in Blacks.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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