The aim of this study was to assess possible gender differences regarding the reporting of pain, somatic complaints, and anxiety in a group of patients suffering from temporomandibular disorders ...(TMD). The group consisted of 40 females and 13 males who received conservative TMD treatment comprising counseling, muscle exercises, and a stabilization splint. Before and 2 years after treatment, the patients answered three questionnaires (McGill Pain Questionnaire Norwegian version including a six-point scale, the Present Pain Intensity; a Somatic Complaints Questionnaire; and the trait part of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Before treatment, females reported greater present pain intensity than did males. Two years after treatment, females reported less sensory and emotional pain than at the initial stage; males presented no reduction in these pain scores. There were no gender differences at either stage regarding somatic complaints or anxiety level scores.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
354.
BMC Psychiatry Svindseth Marit F. , Department of Psychiatry, Sunnmore Hospital, 6026 Aalesund, Norway, and National University of Science and Technology, 7440 Trondheim, Norway; Nøttestad Jim Aage , Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Broset, St. Olav’s Hospital, National University of Science and Technology, 7440 Trondheim, Norway; Wallin Juliska 1973- , Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling ...
2008
Journal Article
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Background
The objective was to examine various aspects of narcissism in patients admitted to acute psychiatric wards and to compare ...their level of narcissism to that of an age- and gender-matched sample from the general population (NORM).
Methods
This cross-sectional study interviewed 186 eligible acute psychiatric patients with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The patients filled in the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-21 item version (NPI-21), The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. High and low narcissism was defined by the median of the total NPI-21 score. An age- and gender-matched control sample from the general population also scored the NPI-21 (NORM).
Results
Being male, involuntary admitted, having diagnosis of schizophrenia, higher self-esteem, and severe violence were significantly associated with high narcissism, and so were also low levels of suicidality, depression, anxiety and GAF scores. Severe violence and high self-esteem were significantly associated with high narcissism in multivariable analyses. The NPI-21 and its subscales showed test-retest correlations ≥0.83, while the BPRS and the HADS showed lower correlations, confirming the trait character of the NPI-21. Depression and suicidality were negatively associated with the NPI-21 total score and all its subscales, while positive association was observed with grandiosity. No significant differences were observed between patients and NORM on the NPI-21 total score or any of the NPI subscales.
Conclusion
Narcissism in the psychiatric patients was significantly associated with violence, suicidality and other symptoms relevant for management and treatment planning. Due to its trait character, use of the NPI-21 in acute psychiatric patients can give important clinical information. The similar level of narcissism found in patients and NORM is in need of further examination.
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Gedde-Dahl, D. & Fausa, O. Serum gastrin response to food stimulation and gastric acid secretion in male patients with ileal resection. Scand. J. Gastroent. 1975, 10, 679-682.
Gastric acid secretion ...before and after stimulation with pentagastrin and serum gastrin response to a test meal were recorded in 9 male controls and in 7 male patients from whom more than 50 cm of the terminal ileum had been resected because of Crohn's disease. The mean gastric acid secretion before and after stimulation was not found to be significantly different in the two groups. The mean fasting serum gastrin concentration and the serum gastrin response in absolute values were not different in the two groups. The MAO-BAO/'integrated gastrin response' was higher (p<0.05), and the gastrin response in relation to fasting level was lower in the patients than in the controls (p < 0.05). The results indicate that an increased parietal cell sensitivity to gastrin is present after ileal resection. The negative acid feed back mechanism, however, seems to be at work. Under physiological conditions, therefore, the increased sensitivity may not result in acid hypersecretion.
A 15-year-old girl with severe factor VII deficiency and chronic arthropathy showed an excessively prolonged bleeding time. Further studies demonstrated low platelet adhesiveness and abnormal ...platelet aggregation with ADP, collagen and epinephrine. Release of 14C-serotonin was deficient after aggregation with ADP and epinephrine, but was normal with thrombin. Transfusion of plasma or prothrombin complex concentrate resulted in a partial or complete correction of the bleeding time, respectively, but had no effect on in vitro platelet function tests. Both parents and the only sister had factor VII activities of 42%-72% and factor VII antigen levels of 45%-66% of normal and may thus be heterozygotes with respect to factor VII deficiency. All three had normal bleeding times in spite of abnormal in vitro platelet functions. The observations are interpreted to mean that in this family with factor VII deficiency and abnormal platelet release reaction the platelet abnormality as such was not sufficiently severe to prolong the bleeding time unless the factor VII activity was also very low.
