Resveratrol,
trans-ɛ-viniferin and
trans-δ-viniferin are the major stilbenes induced in downy mildew infected grapevine leaves. In addition, nine minor polyphenolic compounds, described as stilbenes ...derivatives, have been separated and detected among known stilbenes after a methanolic microextraction of small pieces (1–2
mg) from infected grapevine leaves with a rapid, qualitative and optimized HPLC method coupled to mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure photoionisation (APPI–MS
n
). The characterization of unknown stilbenic derivatives as six resveratrol dimers, two dimethylated resveratrol dimers and a resveratrol trimer are reported. Therefore, structures have been proposed for the dimethylated resveratrol dimers. Use of an easy sample treatment and the LC–APPI–MS
n
method results in spectral data of these minor naturally occurring viniferin analogues.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
We revisit aspects of monitoring observables with continuous spectrum in a quantum system subject to dissipative (Lindbladian) or conservative (Hamiltonian) evolutions. After recalling some of the ...salient features of the case of pure monitoring , we deal with the case when monitoring is in competition with a Lindbladian evolution. We show that the strong measurement limit leads to a diffusion on the spectrum of the observable. For the case with competition between observation and Hamiltonian dynamics, we exhibit a scaling limit in which the crossover between the classical regime and a diffusive regime can be analyzed in details.
Gene essentiality and the topology of protein interaction networks Coulomb, Stphane; Bauer, Michel; Bernard, Denis ...
Proceedings - Royal Society. Biological sciences/Proceedings - Royal Society. Biological Sciences,
08/2005, Volume:
272, Issue:
1573
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The mechanistic bases for gene essentiality and for cell mutational resistance have long been disputed. The recent availability of large protein interaction databases has fuelled the analysis of ...protein interaction networks and several authors have proposed that gene dispensability could be strongly related to some topological parameters of these networks. However, many results were based on protein interaction data whose biases were not taken into account. In this article, we show that the essentiality of a gene in yeast is poorly related to the number of interactants (or degree) of the corresponding protein and that the physiological consequences of gene deletions are unrelated to several other properties of proteins in the interaction networks, such as the average degrees of their nearest neighbours, their clustering coefficients or their relative distances. We also found that yeast protein interaction networks lack degree correlation, i.e. a propensity for their vertices to associate according to their degrees. Gene essentiality and more generally cell resistance against mutations thus seem largely unrelated to many parameters of protein network topology.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
No γ-ray polarimeter sensitive above 1 MeV has ever flown space. γ-ray polarimetry would be a new window on the radiative processes at work in cosmic sources, processes that produce linearly ...polarised emission, each of which with different polarisation fractions. The HARPO Collaboration has designed, built and characterised on beam a gas-TPC active target with which we have demonstrated for the first time the polarimetry of a linearly polarised MeV γ-ray beam, from the analysis of the conversions to e+e− pairs.
•The gamma-ray polarimetry of cosmic sources would open a new window.•For pair conversion, multiple scattering has prevented any measurement up to now.•We have demonstrated the polarimetry of MeV gamma-rays with a gas detector.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
At first a broad outline of the history of the horse and the Administration of Stud Farms is given until the end of the Ancien Regime. After admitting that horse breeds can prudently be mentioned in ...the XVIIIth century, the author gives an account devoted to french breeds strictly speaking, which have hardly attracted the attention of the scientists and experts in hippology of the time. The only breeds that counted were the foreign breeds which, by being crossbred, were supposed to improve the indigenous populations. Views relating to the improvement of horse breeds are then tackled. Though they appear greatly questionable compared to current knowledge the pieces of advice given by scientists and practitioners are marked with some commonsense, which could have led to good results. Such was not the case and it was before all because France was backward as regards agronomy. It will not become obvious before the XIXth century and a new crossbreeding period.
Objective
To evaluate the quality of colonoscopies performed after a positive faecal immunochemical test in the French colorectal cancer screening programme.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of all ...colonoscopies performed between 2015 and 2019 after a positive quantitative faecal immunochemical test in the population-based colorectal cancer screening programme organised in Alsace, part of the French programme. The following indicators were evaluated: annual colonoscopy volume, caecal intubation rate, adenoma detection rate, proximal serrated lesion detection rate and proportion of patients referred directly to surgery for benign polyp management. Endoscopists who performed <30 faecal immunochemical test positive colonoscopies were non-assessable.
Results
Overall, 13,455 faecal immunochemical test-positive colonoscopies performed by 116 community gastroenterologists were included, 13,067 of them by 80 assessable endoscopists. The overall caecal intubation, adenoma detection and proximal serrated lesion detection rates were 97.9%, 57.6% and 7.6%, respectively. They were <90%, <45% and <1% for 1.3%, 12.5% and 6.3% of the endoscopists, respectively. Overall, 1028 (7.9%) individuals were examined by 13 low-performing endoscopists and 328 (2.4%) individuals by 33 low-volume non-assessable endoscopists. Among 9133 individuals harbouring polyps, 155 (1.7%) had unwarranted surgery for a benign polyp. Overall, 1487 individuals (11.1%; 95% confidence interval 10.5–11.6) were not given the best possible chances, whereas 5545 individuals (41.2%; 95% confidence interval 40.4–42.0) were offered the best possible chances by 37 endoscopists.
Conclusions
At programme level, the key performance indicators evaluated largely exceeded the target standards. At individual level, at least one in nine individuals was not given the best possible chances during faecal immunochemical test-positive colonoscopies by a minority of poor-performing and/or low-volume endoscopists.
We report here a facile synthetic and analytical approach that allows us to identify and characterize functionalized polyoxomolybdate clusters that form upon the partial reduction of MoVI salts in ...the presence of organoarsonate ligands. We demonstrated that electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, in combination with X-ray crystallography, provides an extremely powerful tool, allowing us to exploit slight perturbations of the ligand structures for the preparation of a series of unprecedented cluster compounds. Redox-active transition metals that adopt cubane or related structures are of particular interest because of their resemblance to active sites of enzymes. Our investigations underline the stability of the hybrid compounds in solution, an essential requirement for potential applications as catalysts. Supplemental analyses include measurements of the magnetic properties, NMR, IR, UV/vis, and bond-valence-sum analyses. Our results highlight the possibility of exploring real-time growth reactions of polyoxometales that emerge in solution and transform to produce hybrid organic−inorganic polyoxometalate clusters.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
We revisit the precision of the measurement of track parameters (position, angle) with optimal methods in the presence of detector resolution, multiple scattering and zero magnetic field. We then ...obtain an optimal estimator of the track momentum by a Bayesian analysis of the filtering innovations of a series of Kalman filters applied to the track.
This work could pave the way to the development of autonomous high-performance gas time-projection chambers (TPC) or silicon wafer γ-ray space telescopes and be a powerful guide in the optimization of the design of the multi-kilo-ton liquid argon TPCs that are under development for neutrino studies.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
In this communication, we present a simple derivation, from time-reversal symmetry, of fluctuation relations for steady-state large deviation functions in non-equilibrium quantum systems. We further ...show that a condition of pure transmission implies extended fluctuation relations, connecting large deviation functions to mean currents at shifted temperatures and chemical potentials. We illustrate these concepts in various examples, including the interacting resonant level model and conformal or integrable models.
The level lines of the Gaussian free field are known to be related to SLE
4
. It is shown how this relation allows to define chordal SLE
4
processes on doubly connected domains, describing traces ...that are anchored on one of the two boundary components. The precise nature of the processes depends on the conformally invariant boundary conditions imposed on the second boundary component. Extensions of Schramm’s formula to doubly connected domains are given for the standard Dirichlet and Neumann conditions and a relation to first-exit problems for Brownian bridges is established. For the free field compactified at the self-dual radius, the extended symmetry leads to a class of conformally invariant boundary conditions parametrised by elements of SU(2). It is shown how to extend SLE
4
to this setting. This allows for a derivation of new passage probabilities à la Schramm that interpolate continuously from Dirichlet to Neumann conditions.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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