Entre los científicos que arribaron a Costa Rica en el siglo XIX, el más conocido es el suizo Henri Pittier, debido a sus incontables y ricos aportes, de carácter pionero, en disciplinas como la ...geografía, la climatología, la cartografía, la botánica, la etnografía y la arqueología. Además, después de partir y permanecer casi 14 años en EE.UU., se instaló en Venezuela, donde también realizó una excepcional labor científica hasta el final de su vida, a los 92 años de edad. Ello explica que, a lo largo de los años, no cesen de aparecer artículos en los que se le cite, así como semblanzas e incluso libros acerca de él, además de que en el año 2020 vio la luz el exquisito y cálido documental La Gyranthera. Traces de Henri Pittier Explorateur, de la cineasta Mürra Zabel. Es de esperar que, en algún momento, se escriba un libro amplio, integrador y comprensivo sobre su vida y su obra completa, en Suiza, Costa Rica, EE.UU. y Venezuela.
Epizoic foliicolous liverworts and lichens are reported for the first time from insects, two species of the Shield Mantis Choeradodis, C. rhombicollis and C. rhomboidea (Mantodea: Mantidae: ...Choeradodineae) in Costa Rica. Five species of liverworts, 23 species of lichens, and several unidentified fungi were found growing mainly on the pronotum, but also on the fore wings, of 60 out of 84 individuals collected at various locations in Costa Rican lowland rainforests. The amount of epizoic colonization and the development of the epizoic "epiphyllous" communities were more pronounced in C. rhombicollis versus C. rhomboidea and in females versus males. These differences are potentially explained by a longer lifespan of females, which according to the development of the lichen thalli is suggested to be up to 24 months or more, while males show colonization that mostly corresponds to a lifespan of 12 months or less. While the occurrence of epizoic "epiphylls" in leaf-like insects suggests an enhanced effect of camouflage, we conclude that this occurrence is opportunistic rather than indicating an evolutionary phenomenon.
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A working checklist of accepted taxa worldwide is vital in achieving the goal of developing an online flora of all known plants by 2020 as part of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. We here ...present the first-ever worldwide checklist for liverworts (Marchantiophyta) and hornworts (Anthocerotophyta) that includes 7486 species in 398 genera representing 92 families from the two phyla. The checklist has far reaching implications and applications, including providing a valuable tool for taxonomists and systematists, analyzing phytogeographic and diversity patterns, aiding in the assessment of floristic and taxonomic knowledge, and identifying geographical gaps in our understanding of the global liverwort and hornwort flora. The checklist is derived from a working data set centralizing nomenclature, taxonomy and geography on a global scale. Prior to this effort a lack of centralization has been a major impediment for the study and analysis of species richness, conservation and systematic research at both regional and global scales. The success of this checklist, initiated in 2008, has been underpinned by its community approach involving taxonomic specialists working towards a consensus on taxonomy, nomenclature and distribution.
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(Herzog) Bernecker & Pócs is recorded for the first time from Panama, extending its distribution in the Neotropics. Additional descriptions based on Panamanian material are provided for
and for
...Schäf.-Verw., a species only known from the type, for which dimorphic leaves and gynoecial bracts are first described. We therefore view subgen.
Benedix
Mizut. as a better subgeneric placement for
than subgen.
Se comunican cincuenta y cinco especies de briófitos (21 hepáticas, 34 musgos) de los bosques secos de bajura y húmedos de montaña en la Península de Santa Elena y las Islas Murciélago, ...Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Más del 50% de las especies recolectadas son de distribución neotropical, 16% son pantropicales y 12% anfiatlánticas (América-África). Nueve por ciento de las especies tiene una distribución limitada a áreas que potencialmente poseen bosque seco en México, Cuba y Costa Rica. Brachymenium spirifolium, Fissidens juruensis var. juruensis, F. radicans, F. yucatanensis, Gymnostomiella vernicosa y Rhodobryum grandifolium son nuevos registros de Costa Rica. Uleobryum peruvianum y Cephaloziella subtilis son nuevos registros de Centroamérica. La mayor diversidad de briófitos se encuentra por encima de 500 m de altitud, en el bosque húmedo de montaña de los Cerros Santa Elena, donde la mayor parte de las especies son cortícolas. En los bosques secos, suelo, troncos caídos y rocas son los hábitats briofíticos más importantes.
A total of 98 liverwort species (43 genera, 10 families), 54 moss species (33 genera, 17 families) and one species of hornwort have been reported for Cocos Island (5°32’N, 87°04’W), Costa Rica. Over ...60% of the bryophytes have a Neotropical or Pantropical distribution, about 10% are Caribbean, and less than 5% are endemic or subendemic. In comparison to the Galapagos Archipelago, Cocos Island harbors a more typical tropical bryoflora with foliose hepatics (e. g. Lejeuneaceae, Lepidoziaceae) constituting the bulk of diversity; fewer thallose liverworts and moss taxa as in the Archipelago were found. A richer habitat variety including wet and dry habitats, as well as its bigger area, seem to account for the higher number of bryophyte species in Galapagos Archipelago. Most bryophytes in Cocos Island are corticolous (46%), the remaining are epiphyllous (25%), saxicolous (23%) or terrestrial (12%). Bryophyte occurrence in eight plots (10 x 10 m) with 20 quadrates (30 x 30 cm) were recorded at different habitats and altitudes (0-600 m). Bryophyte distribution within the island coincides with lowland forest (0-100 m), secondary lowland forest (0-200 m) and montane forest (to 600 m). Physantholejeunea portoricensis (Hampe & Gott.) Schust. is reported as new to Costa Rica.
A revision of the genus Ceratolejeunea (Hepaticae) in Tropical America is presented based on the examination of fresh plant material and over 1000 herbarium specimens and types of the over 100 ...species names published for the American continent. In this treatment, 23 Ceratolejeunea species are recognized in two subgenera: subgen. Ceratolejeunea (4 spp.) and subgen. Caduciloba Schust. (19 spp.). A new species, Ceratolejeunea minuta G. Dauphin, is described, and a new combination, Ceratolejeunea dussiana (Steph.) Dauphin, is proposed. Morphological descriptions, distributional and ecological data, keys, and illustrations of the species are given. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus based on morphological characters is also presented. /// Se presenta una revision del género Ceratolejeunea (Hepaticae) en América Tropical, basada en el estudio de plantas vivas y más de 1000 especímenes de herbario y tipos de más de 100 especies publicadas para la región. Se reconocen 23 especies de Ceratolejeunea en 2 subgéneros: subgen. Ceratolejeunea (4 spp.) y subgen. Caduciloba Schust. (19 spp.). Se describe Ceratolejeunea minuta G. Dauphin y se propone una nueva combinación Ceratolejeunea dussiana (Steph.) Dauphin. Se provee de descripciones morfológicas, datos de distribución y ecológicos, así como claves e ilustraciones de las especies. Se presenta también un análisis filogenético del género basado en caracteres morfológicos.
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