An investigation of the ability of numerical codes to predict wind loads on buildings and structures, using
k−
ϵ closure model for turbulence, has been undertaken at CSTB. We present in this paper ...four cases for which wind-tunnel measurements are available: Pressure coefficients around a cube model and a house model in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer, drag and lift forces on a hoarding model and a bridge section model, located in the CSTB climatic wind tunnel.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
An original apparatus including two heat flux sensors installed in a clamp is developed to analyze heat transfer during the cooling of a moving plate in a water tank. Heat flux recordings are ...processed following an inverse methodology to determine non-symmetrical spatial temperature profile in the plate thickness. This method is non-intrusive and specially suitable for low conductivity materials like polymers.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Some wind tunnel investigations of gas dispersion around a rectangular building placed in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer have been conducted. Numerical simulations of these experiments have ...been performed by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, combined with a Reynolds-stress turbulence model, and two variants of the two-layer model due to Rodi. It appears that only the second moment closure correctly predict the recirculating zones on the faces. In this case, calculated values of gas concentrations on the building model faces agree generally well with measurements.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
This paper compares full-scale measurements of wind-induced acceleration of the Saint-Nazaire cable-stayed bridge with quasi-steady aerodynamic approach. The full scale turbulence was measured on the ...deck (three components on four masts), as well as the structural damping of vertical modes and natural frequencies. Other dynamic characteristics of the bridge were obtained by usual modal analysis and steady aerodynamic coefficients by section model tests. Comparisons have shown a satisfactory level of accuracy of the quasi-steady theory in predicting aerodynamic damping. This theory, assuming aerodynamic admittance equal to unity, is conservative, as a rule, but it is not in the particular case of the vertical mode of the Saint-Nazaire bridge.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The thermal conductivity of a thermosetting polymeric matrix-based composite material is a thermophysical parameter, which varies significantly during the transformation of the matrix. These ...variations have a considerable effect on heat transfers within a thick piece in the process and therefore on transformation kinetics of the polymer. In order to address the analysis method used to determine the parameter variations according to both temperature and state of cure of the transformation, the experimental device developed by the authors is first described. Then, the results, experimentally obtained by inverse heat conduction with a composite of Fiberglas® and epoxy resin, are compared with those given by an effective thermal conductivity model.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
ObjectiveTo show and illustrate to what extent, GIS could be an opportunity for work-related and occupational diseases surveillance, in combining relevant "spatialisable" information from different ...data sources, in order to help analyse and present existing data in a systematic, and easily understandable way; which might be of great help for surveillance, vigilance, and prevention purposes.MethodsCases of Work related diseases ("numerator") from different and complementary sources, as well as data related to underlying industrial tissue and working population according to activity sectors ("denominator") are to be georeferenced and projected (mapped together) with GIS software. For the purpose of our illustration, numerator data are those from the French National Surveillance Scheme on OD Surveillance and Prevention rnv3p, and data from a compensated scheme; data from the denominator are files of enterprises from Chambers of Commerce and Industry as well as from the French National Health insurance company for salaried workers.Supplementary qualitative knowledge might also be gathered, georeferenced and mapped to increase the level of information produced (here: data from "on the ground" by occupational physicians). We used ArcGIS (9th and 10 th version) software and basemaps from the National Geographic Institute (IGN) and OpenStreetMap (OSM).ResultsResults are illustrated by maps derived from analyses concerning one specific activity sector. The differences and complementarities in case capture between the work-related diseases surveillance scheme and the compensated OD register are highlighted. The spreading of some toxicological risks from companies to their subcontractors is also shown.ConclusionThis methodology, by combining different data sources and a convenient visualisation of the results, is of a great help to adopt a systemic and integrate point of view on OD. Furthermore, it might help surveillance systems to better analyse some issues of concern (capture, shading zone, geographical patterns of referrals or reporting, etc3DOTS).Acknowledgementsrnv3p, ANSES, CNAM-TS.
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Objective To show and illustrate to what extent, GIS could be an opportunity for work-related and occupational diseases surveillance, in combining relevant “spatialisable” information from different ...data sources, in order to help analyse and present existing data in a systematic, and easily understandable way; which might be of great help for surveillance, vigilance, and prevention purposes. Methods Cases of Work related diseases (“numerator”) from different and complementary sources, as well as data related to underlying industrial tissue and working population according to activity sectors (“denominator”) are to be georeferenced and projected (mapped together) with GIS software. For the purpose of our illustration, numerator data are those from the French National Surveillance Scheme on OD Surveillance and Prevention rnv3p, and data from a compensated scheme; data from the denominator are files of enterprises from Chambers of Commerce and Industry as well as from the French National Health insurance company for salaried workers. Supplementary qualitative knowledge might also be gathered, georeferenced and mapped to increase the level of information produced (here: data from “on the ground” by occupational physicians). We used ArcGIS (9th and 10 th version) software and basemaps from the National Geographic Institute (IGN) and OpenStreetMap (OSM). Results Results are illustrated by maps derived from analyses concerning one specific activity sector. The differences and complementarities in case capture between the work-related diseases surveillance scheme and the compensated OD register are highlighted. The spreading of some toxicological risks from companies to their subcontractors is also shown. Conclusion This methodology, by combining different data sources and a convenient visualisation of the results, is of a great help to adopt a systemic and integrate point of view on OD. Furthermore, it might help surveillance systems to better analyse some issues of concern (capture, shading zone, geographical patterns of referrals or reporting, etc3DOTS). Acknowledgements rnv3p, ANSES, CNAM-TS.
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