Objectives. To provide an overview of the effectiveness of multidisciplinary treatments of chronic pain and investigate about their differential effects on outcome in various pain conditions and of ...different multidisciplinary treatments, settings or durations. Methods. In this article, the authors performed a systematic review of all currently available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) fulfilling the inclusion criteria, by using a recently developed rating system aimed to assess the strength of evidence with regard to the methodological quality of the trials. Results. Compared with other non-disciplinary treatments, moderate evidence of higher effectiveness for multidisciplinary interventions was shown. In contrast to no treatment or standard medical treatment, strong evidence was detected in favour of multidisciplinary treatments. The evidence that comprehensive inpatient programmes were more beneficial that outpatient programmes was moderate. Fibromyalgia and chronic back pain patients tended to profit more substantially than patients with diverse origins or chronic pain diagnoses. No evidence was found that treatment variables, such as duration or programme components, were influential for the success of the intervention. Conclusion. A standard of multidisciplinary programmes should be internationally established to guarantee generally good outcomes in the treatment of chronic pain. Our results highlight the lack of quality of design, execution or reporting of many of the RCTs included in this article. Future studies should more specifically focus on differential effects of treatment components and patient variables, allowing the identification of subgroups, which most probably would profit from multidisciplinary pain programmes.
Reluctance has been expressed about treating chronic hepatitis C in active intravenous (IV) drug users (IDUs), and this is found in both international guidelines and routine clinical practice. ...However, the medical literature provides no evidence for an unequivocal treatment deferral of this risk group. We retrospectively analyzed the direct effect of IV drug use on treatment outcome in 500 chronic hepatitis C patients enrolled in the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort Study. Patients were eligible for the study if they had their serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA tested 6 months after the end of treatment and at least one visit during the antiviral therapy, documenting the drug use status. Five hundred patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria (199 were IDU and 301 controls). A minimum exposure to 80% of the scheduled cumulative dose of antivirals was reached in 66.0% of IDU and 60.5% of controls (P = NS). The overall sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 63.6%. Active IDU reached a SVR of 69.3%, statistically not significantly different from controls (59.8%). A multivariate analysis for treatment success showed no significant negative influence of active IV drug use. In conclusion, our study shows no relevant direct influence of IV drugs on the efficacy of anti‐HCV therapy among adherent patients.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The recent High Court decision of Williams v Commonwealth was significant in delineating limitations on Federal Executive power under the Australian Constitution. Notably, the majority of the Court ...determined that no analogy may be drawn between the legislative heads of power and executive power. The Court also made pronouncements on the so-called 'nationhood' power, the Executive's capacity to contract and s 116 of the Constitution. This case note provides an overview of the implications of the case on executive power under the Australian constitutional structure.
The recent High Court decision of Williams v Commonwealth was significant in delineating limitations on Federal Executive power under the Australian Constitution. Notably, the majority of the Court ...determined that no analogy may be drawn between the legislative heads of power and executive power. The Court also made pronouncements on the so-called 'nationhood' power, the Executive's capacity to contract and s 116 of the Constitution. This case note provides an overview of the implications of the case on executive power under the Australian constitutional structure.
High Court decision that Federal Executive does not have general power to spend without legislative authority - funding of school chaplains in Queensland state schools - religious tests under s 116 ...of the Constitution - National School Chaplaincy Program (NSCP).
The AIB Collection Manager retains approval authority for subordinate units and coordinates with requesting units to ensure competing priority intelligence requirements are satisfied based on the ...appropriate level of command guidance. Multi-Mode collection is the generation of data and information for use by source specific and all-source analytic personnel by a variety of sensors focused on a single target set.\n The SIGINT Distributed PED will be co-located with NSA Georgia (707th Ml BN), NSA Hawaii (715th Ml BN), and NSA Texas (717th Ml BN).
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![[577] SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT ...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/0168-8278_1600-0641/small "[577] SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS C RESULTING FROM INJECTING DRUG USE: RESULTS OF THE SWISS HEPATITIS C COHORT STUDY")
