•CPPS has higher ability to adsorb Cd than APPS.•Mechanisms of Cd adsorbed on the two soils are different.•Effect of soil OM on Cd adsorption depends on its content and existing forms.•Both OM and ...CaCO3 play vital role in specific adsorption of Cd by CPPS.•Cd adsorption on both soils is a spontaneous and endothermic process.
Batch experiments and sequential extraction analysis were employed to investigate the effects of soil organic matter and CaCO3 on the adsorption and desorption of cadmium (Cd2+) onto and from two purple paddy soils, an acidic purple paddy soil (APPS) and a calcareous purple paddy soil (CPPS). The Cd2+ adsorption isotherms on both soils could be well-described by the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. CPPS had a higher capacity and a stronger affinity for Cd2+ adsorption compared with APPS. The adsorption process of Cd2+ on APPS was dominated by electrostatic attractions, whereas the adsorption mechanism varied depending on the Cd2+ concentrations in equilibrium solutions on CPPS. At low equilibrium concentrations, the adsorption process was primarily specific adsorption, but nonspecific adsorption dominated at high equilibrium concentrations. Removal of organic matter decreased the amount of Cd2+ adsorption on both of the soils, slightly affected the Cd2+ desorption rate and exchangeable Cd (EXC-Cd) in APPS and increased the desorption rate and EXC-Cd in CPPS, suggesting that the effect of organic matter on Cd2+ adsorption–desorption depends on the soils. CPPS and APPS containing CaCO3 exhibited higher adsorption amounts but lower desorption rates and lower proportions of EXC-Cd than those of their corresponding soils without CaCO3, demonstrating that CaCO3 played an important role in Cd2+ specific adsorption on soil. The changes in the thermodynamic parameters, including free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0), as evaluated by the Van’t Hoff equations, indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process with the primary interaction forces of dipole interactions and hydrogen bonds on APPS, whereas both physical and chemical interactions dominated the adsorption on CPPS.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Given the rapidly changing nature of COVID-19, clinicians and policy makers require urgent review and summary of the literature, and synthesis of evidence-based guidelines to inform practice. The WHO ...advocates for rapid reviews in these circumstances. The purpose of this rapid guideline is to provide recommendations on the organizational management of intensive care units caring for patients with COVID-19 including: planning a crisis surge response; crisis surge response strategies; triage, supporting families, and staff.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a well-established risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases and a primary cause of mortality and morbidity among older adults. Currently, no pharmacological ...interventions have been specifically tailored to treat CH. OTUD7B (ovarian tumor domain-containing 7B) is a member of the ovarian tumor-related protease (OTU) family that regulates many important cell signaling pathways. However, the role of OTUD7B in the development of CH is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of OTUD7B in CH.
OTUD7B knockout mice were used to assay the role of OTUD7B in CH after transverse aortic coarctation surgery. We further assayed the specific functions of OTUD7B in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. We found that OTUD7B expression decreased in hypertrophic mice hearts and phenylephrine-stimulated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, OTUD7B deficiency exacerbated transverse aortic coarctation surgery-induced myocardial hypertrophy, abnormal cardiac function, and fibrosis. In cardiac myocytes, OTUD7B knockdown promoted phenylephrine stimulation-induced myocardial hypertrophy, whereas OTUD7B overexpression had the opposite effect. An immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analysis showed that OTUD7B directly binds to KLF4 (Krüppel-like factor 4). Additional molecular experiments showed that OTUD7B impedes KLF4 degradation by inhibiting lysine residue at 48 site-linked ubiquitination and suppressing myocardial hypertrophy by activating the serine/threonine kinase pathway.
These results demonstrate that the OTUD7B-KLF4 axis is a novel molecular target for CH treatment.
IMPORTANCE: Infection is frequent among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Contemporary information about the types of infections, causative pathogens, and outcomes can aid the development of ...policies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and resource allocation and may assist in the design of interventional studies. OBJECTIVE: To provide information about the prevalence and outcomes of infection and the available resources in ICUs worldwide. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Observational 24-hour point prevalence study with longitudinal follow-up at 1150 centers in 88 countries. All adult patients (aged ≥18 years) treated at a participating ICU during a 24-hour period commencing at 08:00 on September 13, 2017, were included. The final follow-up date was November 13, 2017. EXPOSURES: Infection diagnosis and receipt of antibiotics. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Prevalence of infection and antibiotic exposure (cross-sectional design) and all-cause in-hospital mortality (longitudinal design). RESULTS: Among 15 202 included patients (mean age, 61.1 years SD, 17.3 years; 9181 were men 60.4%), infection data were available for 15 165 (99.8%); 8135 (54%) had suspected or proven infection, including 1760 (22%) with ICU-acquired infection. A total of 10 640 patients (70%) received at least 1 antibiotic. The proportion of patients with suspected or proven infection ranged from 43% (141/328) in Australasia to 60% (1892/3150) in Asia and the Middle East. Among the 8135 patients with suspected or proven infection, 5259 (65%) had at least 1 positive microbiological culture; gram-negative microorganisms were identified in 67% of these patients (n = 3540), gram-positive microorganisms in 37% (n = 1946), and fungal microorganisms in 16% (n = 864). The in-hospital mortality rate was 30% (2404/7936) in patients with suspected or proven infection. In a multilevel analysis, ICU-acquired infection was independently associated with higher risk of mortality compared with community-acquired infection (odds ratio OR, 1.32 95% CI, 1.10-1.60; P = .003). Among antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, infection with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (OR, 2.41 95% CI, 1.43-4.06; P = .001), Klebsiella resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, including third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems (OR, 1.29 95% CI, 1.02-1.63; P = .03), or carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter species (OR, 1.40 95% CI, 1.08-1.81; P = .01) was independently associated with a higher risk of death vs infection with another microorganism. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In a worldwide sample of patients admitted to ICUs in September 2017, the prevalence of suspected or proven infection was high, with a substantial risk of in-hospital mortality.
Studying the mechanical properties of rock-concrete combined body is crucial to ensure the safety and stability of engineering structures. In this paper, laboratory tests and numerical simulations ...are used to investigate the mechanical properties of the sandstone-concrete combined body. Uniaxial compression tests and an acoustic emission monitoring system are used to analyze the failure characteristics of the sandstone-concrete sample and to validate the accuracy of the numerical model. The mechanical properties of the composite body were further analyzed by integrating energy and damage theories. The results of the sandstone-concrete study suggest that the combined sandstone-concrete body exhibits synergistic deformation and failure when subjected to uniaxial compression. The peak stress and elastic modulus fall between those of sandstone and concrete. The interface's shape causes the stress in the y-direction to transition from tensile stress to compressive stress. Energy is stored before reaching the peak stress and released after reaching the peak stress. The damage curve indicates that the damage increases gradually with the strain, and it results in plastic failure. In the numerical simulation of triaxial compression, the stress and displacement at the interface are evenly distributed. Compared to uniaxial compression, the energy of each component is higher and shows a linear positive correlation with confining pressure. Additionally, the rate of energy dissipation increases with higher confining pressure. The damage variable also increases with the increase in confining pressure, and the plastic failure process is also apparent under triaxial compression.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
An ultrasensitive sandwich-type photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor was constructed for the detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA). In this work, Au-nanoparticle-loaded tungsten oxide ...(WO3-Au) hybrid composites was applied as PEC sensing platform, while Ca ions doped CdSe equipped on the conducting framework of reduced graphene oxide (rGO-Ca:CdSe) nanocomposites were employed as the signal amplification probe. As for WO3-Au, massive Au nanoparticles were formed on the surface of WO3 without any additional reducing agent, providing a novel nanocarriers for anchoring plenty of the primary antibodies due to the large specific surface area and good biocompatibility by chemical bonding between Au nanoparticles and -NH2 of antibodies. Besides, the incorporation of the rGO and the doping of Ca ions could improve the conductivity and hinder the recombination of electron-hole pairs of CdSe nanoparticles effectively, thereby enhancing the photocurrent conversion efficiency. Based on the sandwich immunoreaction, the primary antibody was immobilized onto WO3-Au substrate, after the formed rGO-Ca:CdSe labels were captured onto the electrode surface via the specific antibody-antigen interaction, the photocurrent intensity could be further enhanced due to the sensitization effect. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed PEC immunosensor shows a linear relationship between photocurrent variation and the logarithm of PSA concentration in the wide range of 5pgmL−1 to 50ngmL−1 with a low detection limit of 2.6pgmL−1 (S/N=3). Moreover, it also presented good stability and acceptable specificity, indicating the potential applications in clinical diagnostics.
•A novel photoelectrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of PSA was fabricated.•The PEC immunosensor was developed using WO3-Au as photoactive substrate.•Au NPs could be reduced on urchin-like WO3 surface without any reducing agent.•The rGO-Ca:CdSe sensitized structure could significantly enhance the photocurrent.•The immunosensor exhibited good sensitivity, stability and specificity.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is ventricular dysfunction that occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), independent of recognized risk factors, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, ...and valvular heart disease. Dual-specificity phosphatase 12 (DUSP12) is a dual-specificity phosphatase expressed in all tissues. Genome-wide linkage studies have found an association between DUSP12 and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the role of DUSP12 in DCM remains largely unknown. Ubiquitously expressed DUSP12 is involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, bacterial infection, and myocardial hypertrophy and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. Herein, we observed an increased expression of DUSP12 in a hyperglycemia cell model and a high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model. Heart-specific DUSP12-deficient mice showed severe cardiac dysfunction and remodeling induced by an HFD. DUSP12 deficiency exacerbated oxidative stress injury and apoptosis, whereas DUSP12 overexpression had the opposite effect. At the molecular level, DUSP12 physically bound to apoptotic signal-regulated kinase 1 (ASK1), promoted its dephosphorylation, and inhibited its action on c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Rescue experiments have shown that oxidative stress injury and apoptosis, exacerbated by DUSP12 deficiency, are alleviated by ASK1 inhibition. Therefore, we consider DUSP12 an important signaling pathway in DCM.
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•DUSP12 plays a protective role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).•DUSP12 participates in the regulation of DCM by alleviating oxidative stress injury and apoptosis.•DUSP12 inhibits the ASK1-JNK/p38 signaling pathway in DCM.•The regulatory role of DUSP12 in DCM depends on ASK1.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•High efficient nitrate removal performance was achieved in ASBBR.•N2O release rate was related to the variation of FNA concentration.•Two fluorescent components of SMP were ...identified by using EEM-PARAFAC.•Microbial community was evaluated by High-throughput sequencing analysis.
The present study evaluated the performance of biological denitrification in an anoxic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (ASBBR) and its nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. After 90 days operation, the effluent chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen removal efficiencies high of 94.8% and 95.0%, respectively. Both polysaccharides and protein contents were reduced in bound EPS (TB-EPS) and loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) after biofilm formation. According to typical cycle, N2O release rate was related to the free nitrous acid (FNA) concentration with the maximum value of 3.88 μg/min and total conversion rate of 1.27%. Two components were identified from EEM-PARAFAC model in soluble microbial products (SMP). Protein-like substances for component 1 changed significantly in denitrification process, whereas humic-like and fulvic acid-like substances for component 2 remained relatively stable. High-throughput sequencing results showed that Lysobacter, Tolumonas and Thauera were the dominant genera, indicating the co-existence of autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifiers in ASBBR.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Phosphorylated magnetic chitosan composite (P-MCS) was successfully synthesized and applied to adsorb Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. The as-prepared P-MCS composite was characterized by ...EDS, SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS and zeta potential analysis. Factors affecting adsorption including adsorbent dose, pH value and contact time were optimized to improve the adsorption performance. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic model could well conform to Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The as-prepared adsorbent exhibited good adsorption capacities for Pb(II) (151.06 mg g−1) and Cd(II) (71.53 mg g−1) from Langmuir isotherm. Besides, spectroscopic analysis after adsorption including FTIR and XPS were also performed to further reveal the adsorption mechanism. The results indicated that surface complexation and ion exchange between functional groups and metal ions played an important role in adsorption process. Thermodynamic studies (∆G < 0, ∆H > 0, ∆S > 0) implied that the adsorption process is an endothermic and spontaneous reaction. Furthermore, the excellent magnetic separation and regeneration performance indicated the feasibility of using P-MCS composite for Pb(II)/Cd(II)-bearing wastewater remediation.
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•P-MCS was successfully synthesized and applied to Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal.•The adsorption isotherms and kinetic model could well conform to Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.•Thermodynamics indicated the adsorption was an endothermic and spontaneous process.•The adsorption mechanisms of Pb(II) and Cd(II) were discussed.•P-MCS can be recycled efficiently for at least 5 cycles.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•Fe3O4-xGO was synthesized by linking xanthate groups to magnetic graphene (Fe3O4-GS).•Fe3O4-xGO was an ideal adsorbent to adsorb Hg(II) and MB with high efficiency.•Adsorption was ...well interpreted by Langmuir and pseudo-second order kinetic models.•The adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature.
Xanthate functionalized magnetic graphene oxide (Fe3O4-xGO) was successfully synthesized through linking xanthate groups to a kind of graphenes magnetic material (Fe3O4-GS). Fe3O4-xGO was found to be an ideal adsorbent for Hg(II) and methylene blue removal with a higher adsorption capacity. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, and BET respectively. Fe3O4-xGO can be simply recovered from water with magnetic separation at low magnetic field within only 1min. The adsorption capacity was found to be 118.55mgg−1 for Hg2+ (contact time for 180min, pH at 7 and temperature at 25°C) and 526.32mgg−1 for methylene blue (contact time for 120min, pH at 5.5 and temperature at 25°C), respectively. Kinetic data showed good correlation with pseudo-second-order equation and the Langmuir model was found to fit for the isotherm data, which showed the contaminant sorption was accomplished mainly via chelation or ion exchange. The results of thermodynamic studies (ΔG<0, ΔH>0, ΔS>0) illustrate that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The experimental results suggest that Fe3O4-xGO has the potential applications in the environmental management.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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