The practical security of a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system is compromised by various attack strategies. The existing countermeasures against these attacks are to exploit ...different real-time monitoring modules to prevent different types of attacks, which significantly depend on the accuracy of the estimated excess noise and lack a universal defense method. In this paper, we propose a defense strategy for CVQKD systems to address these disadvantages and resist most of the known attack types. We investigate several features of the pulses that would be affected by different types of attacks, derive a feature vector based on these features as the input of an artificial neural network (ANN) model, and show the training and testing process of the ANN model for attack detection and classification. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively detect most of the known attacks at the cost of reducing a small part of secret keys and transmission distance. It establishes a universal attack detection model by simply monitoring several features of the pulses without knowing the exact type of attack in advance.
The purpose of this study is to investigate (1) if online celebrities can directly emotionally influence consumers, and (2) if the other audiences of the same livestream can indirectly emotionally ...influence consumers to increase their willingness to buy the products recommended by the online celebrities. Therefore, to understand the reasons for the successes of livestreaming e-commerce. Two studies have been conducted: in Study 1, a questionnaire-based survey has been used for data collection and AMOS version 17.0 software was used to analyze the data of the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM); in Study 2, a web data crawler for data collection was developed using python software, and the collected data were processed by ICTCLAS text splitting tool and analyzed by Stata/MP 13.0 software for the econometric model constructed in this paper. This study found that the performance of online celebrities can stimulate consumers' emotions, and thus enhance consumers' purchase intention regarding the products recommended. This study also found that pleasure, arousal, admiration, and emotional trust can influence purchase behavior for cosmetics and clothing. For food products, only pleasure emotion, arousal emotion and admiration emotion can increase the willingness to purchase such products. For other audiences who watch the same Online celebrity for food products, the pleasure, arousal, and admiration emotions can increase searches for, and purchases of the products recommended. This study identified that online celebrities' performances can emotionally influence consumers' willingness to purchase products recommended by online celebrities directly. In addition, the emotions of audiences watching the online celebrities can indirectly influence consumers' willingness to purchase products recommended by the online celebrities.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study presents new stable isotope data for precipitation (δ18Op) and drip water (δ18Od) from eight cave sites in the monsoon regions of China (MRC), with monthly to bi-monthly sampling intervals ...from May-2011 to April-2014, to investigate the regional-scale climate forcing on δ18Op and how the isotopic signals are transmitted to various drip sites.
The monthly δ18Op values show negative correlation with surface air temperature at all the cave sites except Shihua Cave, which is opposite to that expected from the temperature effect. In addition, although the monthly δ18Op values are negatively correlated with precipitation at all the cave sites, only three sites are significant at the 95% level. These indicate that, due to the various vapor sources, a large portion of variability in δ18Op in the MRC cannot be explained simply by either temperature or precipitation alone.
All the thirty-four drip sites are classified into three types based on the δ18Od variability. About 82% of them are static drips with little discernable variation in δ18Od through the whole study period, but the drip rates of these drips are not necessary constant. Their discharge modes are site-specific and the oxygen isotopic composition of the stalagmites growing from them may record the average of multi-year climatic signals, which are modulated by the seasonality of recharge and potential effects of evaporation, and in some cases infiltration from large rainfall events. About 12% of the thirty-four drip sites are seasonal drips, although the amplitude of δ18Od is narrower than that of δ18Op, the monthly response of δ18Od to coeval precipitation is not completely damped, and some of them follow the seasonal trend of δ18Op very well. These drips may be mainly recharged by present-day precipitation, mixing with some stored water. Thus, the stalagmites growing under them may record portions of the seasonal climatic signals embedded in δ18Op. About 6% of the thirty-four drip sites are medium-variability drips, with constant and relatively low δ18Od values in the wet season, but with variable and relatively high δ18Od values in the dry season, reflecting flow switching in the karst or evaporation inside the cave.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The high-quality development of service industry has become an important engine for promoting sustainable economic development. This paper first constructed the evaluation index system of ...high-quality development of service industry, based on panel data from 2005 to 2020. Second, Kernel density, Markov chain and Dagum Gini coefficient were used to represent the regional differences and dynamic evolution of service industry, and the Koo method was used to explore the characteristics of spatial agglomeration. Finally, social network analysis was used to identify core indicators. The study found that: (1) From 2005 to 2020, the overall level of service industry first decreases and then increases, with Chengdu and Chongqing leading other cities. (2) The development of service industry in the CCEC has large spatial differences, mainly due to inter-regional differences. (3) The level of spatial agglomeration is less variable, with high agglomeration mainly in Chengdu. (4) Indicators such as the level of human capital are the core factors of its high-quality development. This study is of great theoretical and practical significance for the optimization and upgrading of service industry in the CCEC and the synergetic development of the region.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Baijiu industry is a significant contributor to both the food industry and the light industry. Its high tax characteristics effectively promote the sustainable development of the regional ...economy. First, the evaluation index system of scientific and technological innovation (STI) and high-quality development of Baijiu industry (HQDBI) were constructed. The entropy-improved CRITIC method was used to measure the weights. Second, the coordination relationship and evolution trend of STI and HQDBI were explored using the coupling coordination model and the Tapio decoupling model. Then, the transfer law and key influencing factors were further investigated using the Markov chain and grey correlation, respectively. The main contribution is the dynamic evolution of the coupling and decoupling relationships from the perspective of multiple Baijiu provinces, and deeply depicts the coordination relationship and evolutionary trends of STI and HQDBI. The results show that: the spatial distribution of the coupling coordination degree shows high values in the east-west and low values in the north-south characteristics. In 2021, a pattern of coordinated development in Baijiu provinces has emerged along the Yangtze River basin. The decoupling state is mainly strong decoupling, but it remains poor in Shanxi. The coordination process is unstable and difficult to achieve leapfrog development. Coordination, sustainability and innovation environment have a greater impact on the coordination of subsystems.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The present study examined whether individuals experienced the same cognitive advantage for online self-relevant information (nickname) as that experienced for information encountered in real life ...(real name) through two experiments at both the behavioural and neural levels (event-related potential, ERP). The results indicated that individuals showed the same cognitive advantage for nicknames and real names. At the behavioural level, a nickname was detected as quickly as the real name, and both were detected faster than a famous name; at the neural level, the P300 potential elicited by one's nickname was similar to that elicited by one's real name, and both the P300 amplitudes and latencies were larger and more prolonged than those elicited by other name stimuli. These results not only confirmed the cognitive advantage for one's own nickname and indicated that this self-advantage can be extended to online information, but also indicated that the virtual self could be integrated into the self and further expanded individuals' self-concept.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Development of metal-doped carbon dots (CDs) to effectively modulate their electronic properties and surface chemical reactivities is still in its early stage. In this paper, a facile solid-phase ...synthesis strategy was developed to synthesize Cu-doped CDs (Cu-CDs) using citric acid as the carbon source and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O as the dopant, respectively. The as-prepared Cu-CDs exhibited superior peroxidase-like activity to horseradish peroxidase and were stable under a wide range of pH and temperatures. Consequently, the Cu-CD-based chemiluminescence sensing was applied to sensitively detect glucose with a low detection limit of 0.32 μM, and the recoveries and the relative standard deviation of the serum sample are 87.2–112.2 and 8.16% (n = 6), respectively. Notably, the proposed chemiluminescence sensing was also successfully applied for label-free detection of glucose in complex biological samples, which envisioned its potential applications in clinical diagnosis and other analytical assays.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
We present a theoretical model describing photoelectron transport dynamics in stepwise-doped GaAs photocathodes. Built-in electric field caused by the doping structure is analyzed, and the ...time-evolution of electron concentration in the active layer induced by a femtosecond laser pulse is solved. The predictions of the model show excellent agreement with the experimental data measured with pump-probe transient reflectometry, demonstrating the capability of the theoretical model in predicting photoelectron behaviors in real devices. Comparisons are also made between this stepwise doping model and the conventional gradient doping model with a continuous doping profile, thereby providing the first quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness and the limitation of the gradient doping model in describing actual stepwise-doped devices.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper presents a high-efficiency non-interleaved bidirectional metasurface operating at the same frequency and polarization. The bidirectional metasurface can independently control reflection, ...transmission, and energy allocation ratio in the full space. The non-interleaved design offers high aperture efficiency and a steady energy allocation ratio in the broadband. Furthermore, transmit-reflect-array antennas (TRAs) based on the presented metasurface are proposed. These TRAs can radiate asymmetric bidirectional beams with near-continuous adjustable energy allocation ratios. To validate the design, TRAs with gain differences of 0 and 6 dB are fabricated and measured. Results indicate that the peak aperture efficiencies are 41.1% and 41.6%, respectively. Besides, the 2 dB gain bandwidths of all beams exceed 25.6%. Overall, this study paves the way for designing high-efficiency spatial energy allocation devices.
The recently synthesized ultrathin diamond nanothreads (NTHs) exhibit a variety of intriguing properties and are probably the most successful of many encouraging applications to be designed as ...resonators due to their ultrahigh sensitivity and low dissipation. Herein, we report
via
molecular dynamics that diamond nanothreads possess not only ultrahigh mass sensitivity but also a very high quality factor. On the one hand, the studied diamond nanothreads demonstrate an extreme mass resolution of ∼0.58 yg (1 yg = 10
-24
g), which is almost one order of magnitude higher than that of carbon nanotubes (∼10 yg) with the same length. Moreover, the sensing performance of NTHs is highly tunable owing to their tailorable structures. On the other hand, NTHs exhibit a very low intrinsic energy dissipation and thus a high quality factor which is generally two times that of carbon nanotubes. These intriguing features suggest that diamond nanothreads could be highly attractive candidates for fabricating nano-sized mechanical resonators with outstanding performance.
Diamond nanothreads exhibit ultrahigh mass sensitivity and low intrinsic dissipation and have huge potential in sensing applications.
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