► The study explores the chemical profile of Cinnamomum glaucescens essential oil. ► Antifungal and insecticidal potential of C. glaucescens essential oil. ► Aflatoxin inhibition and antioxidant ...potential of C. glaucescens essential oil. ► Non-phytotoxic nature and safety profile of C. glaucescens essential oil. ► In vivo efficacy of C. glaucescens essential oil in food system.
The study explores the efficacy of Cinnamomum glaucescens essential oil (EO) as insecticidal, antifungal, antiaflatoxin and antioxidant agent so as to recommend its application as plant based preservatives for food commodities. The study reports the chemical characterization of C. glaucescens oil and its 100% insecticidal activity against insect pest Callosobruchus chinensis on 12h exposure and 98.74% oviposition deterrency at 0.15μl/ml. The EO significantly inhibited growth and aflatoxin production by toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus LHP-10 at 4.5 and 3.5μl/ml respectively. EO also showed appreciable antioxidant activity (IC50 value=15.1μl/ml), non phytotoxic nature on chickpea seed germination and in vivo potential as fumigant in food system providing 71.07% protection of chickpea samples from fungal contamination and 100% antifeedant activity against the insect invasion. The EO exhibited non-mammalian toxicity showing high LD50 (3971.34μl/kg) during oral toxicity on mice.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Population-level strategies to organize and deliver care may improve diabetes management. We conducted a multiclinic controlled trial of population management in patients with type 2 diabetes.
We ...created diabetic patient registries (n = 3,079) for four primary care clinics within a single academic health center. In the intervention clinic (n = 898), a nurse practitioner used novel clinical software (PopMan) to identify patients on a weekly basis with outlying values for visit and testing intervals and last measured levels of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure. For these patients, the nurse practitioner e-mailed a concise patient-specific summary of evidence-based management suggestions directly to primary care providers (PCPs). Population changes in risk factor testing, medication prescription, and risk factor levels from baseline (1 January 2000 to 31 August 2001) to follow-up (1 December 2001 to 31 July 2003) were compared with the three usual-care control clinics (n = 2,181).
Patients had a mean age of 65 years, were mostly white (81%), and the majority were insured by Medicare/Medicaid (62%). From baseline to follow-up, the increase in proportion of patients tested for HbA1c (P = 0.004) and LDL cholesterol (P < 0.001) was greater in the intervention than control sites. Improvements in diabetes-related medication prescription and levels of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure in the intervention clinic were balanced by similar improvements in the control sites.
Population-level clinical registries combined with summarized recommendations to PCPs had a modest effect on management. The intervention was limited by good overall quality of care at baseline and temporal improvements in all control clinics. It is unknown whether this intervention would have had greater impact in clinical settings with lower overall quality. Further research into more effective methods of translating population registry information into action is required.
Codon usage bias (CUB) is defined as the selective and nonrandom use of synonymous codons by the organism for encoding the amino acids. One of the important plant transcription factor family is the ...'WRKY' whose role has been investigated in the regulation of abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants. In this paper, the codon usage pattern of the WRKY transcription factor of the two important plant species Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa has been investigated. Various codon usage indices like ENc, CAI, correspondence analysis, RSCU analysis, neutrality plot and hierarchial clustering has been done. The GC codon status was high in Arabidopsis. The RSCU analysis of codons revealed that codons coding for arginine was maximum in both the plant species.Our results propose that natural selection was the main dominating factor guiding the evolution of different WRKY genes in both Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa.
The triton angular distribution for the 12C(7Li,t)16O* reaction is measured at 20 MeV, populating discrete states of 16O. Continuum discretized coupled reaction channel calculations are used to to ...extract the alpha spectroscopic properties of 16O states instead of the distorted wave born approximation theory to include the effects of breakup on the transfer process. The alpha reduced width, spectroscopic factors and the asymptotic normalization constant (ANC) of 16O states are extracted. The error in the spectroscopic factor is about 35% and in that of the ANC about 27%.
The study explores the chemical profile, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Boswellia carterii essential oil (EO). The EO significantly inhibited growth and aflatoxin production by the food ...borne toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus at 1.75 μl/ml and 1.25 μl/ml respectively. It exhibited broad fungitoxic spectrum against 12 food borne moulds and also showed strong antioxidant activity, IC50 value and % inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation being 0.64 μl/ml and 51.68% respectively. The antifungal action of EO was observed in terms of reduction in ergosterol content of plasma membrane of A. flavus. As fumigant in food system in storage containers, the EO provided 65.38% protection against fungal deterioration of Piper nigrum. GC–MS results revealed 31 components of EO. The chemically characterized B. carterii EO may thus be recommended as plant based preservative in view of its antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic, antioxidant activity and efficacy in food system.
•The study explores antifungal, antiaflatoxin efficacy of B. carterii essential oil.•The essential oil has been standardised through its chemical composition.•Antifungal mechanism of action of B. carterii essential oil was identified.•In vivo practical efficacy of B. carterii essential oil has been done.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Two accessions of opium poppy, Pps-1 (dark green leaves, highly resistant to downy mildew DM) and H-9 (yellowish green leaves, susceptible to DM), which originated from common progenitor SPS49 were ...selected, and their Fsub1 and Fsub2 progenies showed that leaf color trait was governed by single recessive nuclear gene, whereas DM resistance appeared to be the interaction between cytoplasmic and nuclear genes. Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) analysis of these 2 accessions through arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction generated a unique fragment in Pps-1. Subsequent sequence analysis upon cloning of this cpDNA fragment revealed its similarity with the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase beta' subunit (rpoCI). Full-length rpoCI DNA was therefore isolated from both the genotypes that was 2707 bp long with a 658-bp intron (436-1093) and a 2049-bp open reading frame encoding 682 amino acid long polypeptide. Comparative sequence analysis of the rpoC1 gene from both the genotypes, revealed 4 single-nucleotide substitutions at 4 positions that caused 3 amino acid changes in the protein sequence--1) A to C transversion at position 825 (Glu275Asp), 2) A to G transition at position 1203 (Ile401Met), and 3) T to C transition at position 1422 and G to A transition at position 1423 both in same codon of the reading frame (Ala475Thr). This investigation is the first report indicating base substitution changes in the plastid-encoded rpoCI gene in DM-resistant genotypes of opium poppy. This finding may lead to implication of possible role of RNA polymerase beta' subunit in resistance to DM caused by Peronospora arborescens. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Flexible lead-free high energy radiation shielding material was developed through internal compounding. Polymer-filler interaction, crosslinking density, specific gravity, physicomechanical ...characteristics, percentage attenuation, and thermal stability of the crosslinked composites were estimated. It was found that even at very high filler loading composites can be crosslinked; however, the crosslinking density was composition dependent and was highest in 10-50 wt% loading range at 100 kGy and 200 kGy. The Nielsen model was applied to understand the micromechanics of the system. Attenuation of gamma radiation from Am241 was not affected by the crosslinking density. Thermal stability of the composites was found to be significantly affected with bismuth oxide loading. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:756-762, 2016. copyright 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The energy estimation procedures employed by different groups, for determining the energy of the primary γ-ray using a single atmospheric Cherenkov imaging telescope, include methods like polynomial ...fitting in SIZE and DISTANCE, general least square fitting and look-up table based interpolation. A novel energy reconstruction procedure, based on the utilization of Artificial Neural Network (ANN), has been developed for the TACTIC telescope. The procedure uses a 3:30:1 ANN configuration with resilient backpropagation algorithm to estimate the energy of a γ-ray like event on the basis of its image SIZE, DISTANCE and zenith angle. The new ANN-based energy reconstruction method, apart from yielding an energy resolution of ∼26%, which is comparable to that of other single imaging telescopes, has the added advantage that it considers zenith angle dependence as well. Details of the ANN-based energy estimation procedure along with its comparative performance with other conventional energy reconstruction methods are presented in the paper and the results indicate that amongst all the methods considered in this work, ANN method yields the best results. The performance of the ANN-based energy reconstruction has also been validated by determining the energy spectrum of the Crab Nebula in the energy range 1–16TeV, as measured by the TACTIC telescope.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Radiation induced grafting of acrylonitrile (ACN) on ethylene-propene diene terpolymer (EPDM) rubber film was investigated by mutual radiation grafting technique. Effect of experimental variables ...viz. radiation dose, dose rate, type of solvent and monomer content on extent of grafting was studied. From the kinetic studies a mathematical relation
R
g
α
M
0.7
D
0.68
showing non-linear relationship for rate of grafting with monomer concentration and dose was deduced. The grafted samples showed increased hardness and oil resistance.
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•Theranostic nanoemulsions hold possibilities to detect and treat cancer effectively.•Targeting theranostic approaches received great attention for site-specific delivery.•Theranostic ...nanoemulsion can improve the quality of life of cancer patients.•This platform has the potential to obtain a personalized treatment.
Theranostics has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancer, where novel drug delivery systems could be used to detect the disease at an early stage with instantaneous treatment. Various preclinical approaches of nanoemulsions with entrapped contrast and chemotherapeutic agents have been documented to act specifically on the tumor microenvironment (TME) for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, bringing these theranostic nanoemulsions through preclinical trials to patients requires several fundamental hurdles to be overcome, including the in vivo behavior of the delivery tool, degradation, and clearance from the system, as well as long-term toxicities. Here, we discuss recent advances in the application of nanoemulsions in molecular imaging with simultaneous therapeutic efficacy in a single delivery system.
Nanoemulsions have a theranostic role with promising antitumor efficacy and multimodal diagnostic functionalities. Novel targeting nanoemulsion strategies can deliver cargo specifically to the cancer microenvironment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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