Abstract
ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and ...momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity.
This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges.
An innovative technique for the readout of a detector is presented, based on the assumption that at least two neighbouring elements (e.g. strips) record a signal from the passage of a particle. This ...concept, called genetic multiplexing, is particularly adapted to Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors, but can also be used for other types of detectors. Furthermore, the degree of multiplexing can be easily adapted in the detector design to the incident flux of particles. The technique has been tested on a large, 50×50 cm2 Micromegas prototype equipped with 1024 strips and read with only 61 channels. First results obtained with cosmics are reported, showing the good performance of the detector. Genetic multiplexing offers the possibility to build large area detectors with a considerably reduced number of electronic channels, and has therefore a wide range of applications in and beyond particle physics.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
A determination of the spin and parity of the $\Lambda(1405)$ is presented using photoproduction data from the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. The reaction $\gamma + p \to K^+ + \Lambda(1405)$ is ...analyzed in the decay channel $\Lambda(1405) \to \Sigma^+ + \pi^-$, where the decay distribution to $\Sigma^+ \pi^-$ and the variation of the $\Sigma^+$ polarization with respect to the $\Lambda(1405)$ polarization direction determines the parity. The $\Lambda(1405)$ is produced, in the energy range $2.55 < W < 2.85$ GeV and for $0.6 < \cos \theta_{K^+} < 0.9$, with polarization $P = 0.45 \pm 0.02 (\text{stat}) \pm 0.07 (\text{syst})$. The analysis shows that the decays are in $S$ wave, with the $\Sigma^+$ polarized such that the $\Lambda(1405)$ has spin-parity $J^P = 1/2^-$, as expected by most theories.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a cutting-edge accelerator facility that will study the nature of the “glue” that binds the building blocks of the visible matter in the universe. The proposed ...experiment will be realized at Brookhaven National Laboratory in approximately 10 years from now, with detector design and R&D currently ongoing. Notably, EIC is one of the first large-scale facilities to leverage Artificial Intelligence (AI) already starting from the design and R&D phases. The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) is a consortium that proposed a detector design based on a 1.5 T solenoid. The EIC detector proposal review concluded that the ECCE design will serve as the reference design for an EIC detector. Herein we describe a comprehensive optimization of the ECCE tracker using AI. The work required a complex parametrization of the simulated detector system. Our approach dealt with an optimization problem in a multidimensional design space driven by multiple objectives that encode the detector performance, while satisfying several mechanical constraints. We describe our strategy and show results obtained for the ECCE tracking system. The AI-assisted design is agnostic to the simulation framework and can be extended to other sub-detectors or to a system of sub-detectors to further optimize the performance of the EIC detector.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The evaluation of the measurement of double-spin asymmetries for charge-separated pions and kaons produced in deep-inelastic scattering from the proton using the ECCE detector design concept is ...presented, for the combinations of lepton and hadron beam energies of 5 × 41 GeV2 and 18 × 275 GeV2. The study uses unpolarised simulated data that are processed through a full GEANT simulation of the detector. These data are then reweighted at the parton level with DSSV helicity distributions and DSS fragmentation functions, in order to generate the relevant asymmetries, and subsequently analysed. Furthermore, the performed analysis shows that the ECCE detector concept provides the resolution and acceptance, with a broad coverage in kinematic phase space, needed for a robust extraction of asymmetries. This, in turn, allows for a precise extraction of sea-quark helicity distributions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
We describe the design and performance the calorimeter systems used in the ECCE detector design1 to achieve the overall
performance specifications cost-effectively with careful consideration of ...appropriate technical and schedule risks. The calorimeter
systems consist of three electromagnetic calorimeters, covering the combined pseudorapdity range from -3.7 to 3.8 and two hadronic
calorimeters covering a combined range of −1.1 < η < 3.8. Key calorimeter performances which include energy and position
resolutions, reconstruction efficiency, and particle identification will be presented.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
47.
ECCE unpolarized TMD measurements Vladimirov, A.; Akiba, Y.; Gayoso, C. Ayerbe ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2023, Volume:
1055
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
We performed feasibility studies for various measurements that are related to unpolarized TMD distribution and fragmentation functions for the ECCE detector proposal. The processes studied include ...semi-inclusive Deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) where single hadrons (pions and kaons) were detected in addition to the scattered DIS lepton. The single hadron cross sections and multiplicities were extracted as a function of the DIS variables x and Q2, as well as the semi-inclusive variables z, which corresponds to the momentum fraction the detected hadron carries relative to the struck parton and PT, which corresponds to the transverse momentum of the detected hadron relative to the virtual photon. The expected statistical precision of such measurements is extrapolated to accumulated luminosities of 10 fb−1 and potential systematic uncertainties are approximated given the deviations between true and reconstructed yields. The expected uncertainties are then used to obtain the expected impact on the related TMD distribution and fragmentation functions. We find that the ECCE detector proposal fulfills the physics requirements on these channels as detailed in the EIC Yellow Report.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
48.
Exclusive J/ψ detection and physics with ECCE Adkins, J.K.; Akiba, Y.; Arsene, I.C. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2023, Volume:
1048
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) detector has been recommended as a reference design for the proposed Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) program. This paper presents simulation studies ...of exclusive J/ψ detection and selected physics impact results in EIC using the projected ECCE detector concept. Exclusive quarkonium photoproduction is one of the most popular processes in EIC, which has a large cross section and a simple final state. Due to the gluonic nature of the exchange Pomeron, this process can be related to the gluon distributions in the nucleus. Preliminary results estimate the excellent statistics benefited from the large cross section of J/ψ photoproduction and superior performance of ECCE detector concept. The precise measurement of exclusive J/ψ photoproduction at EIC will help us to more deeply understand nuclear gluon distributions, near threshold production mechanism and nucleon mass structure.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Here, we performed feasibility studies for various single transverse spin measurements that are related to the Sivers effect, transversity and the tensor charge, and the Collins fragmentation ...function. The processes studied include semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) where single hadrons (pions and kaons) were detected in addition to the scattered DIS lepton. The data were obtained in pythia6 and geant4 simulated e+p collisions at 18 GeV on 275 GeV, 18 on 100, 10 on 100, and 5 on 41 that use the ECCE detector configuration. Typical DIS kinematics were selected, most notably Q2>1 GeV2, and cover the x range from 10-4 to 1. The single spin asymmetries were extracted as a function of x and Q2, as well as the semi-inclusive variables z, which corresponds to the momentum fraction the detected hadron carries relative to the struck parton, and PT, which corresponds to the transverse momentum of the detected hadron relative to the virtual photon. They are obtained in azimuthal moments in combinations of the azimuthal angles of the hadron transverse momentum and transverse spin of the nucleon relative to the lepton scattering plane. In order to extract asymmetries, the initially unpolarized MonteCarlo was re-weighted in the true kinematic variables, hadron types and parton flavors based on global fits of fixed target SIDIS experiments and e+e– annihilation data. The expected statistical precision of such measurements is extrapolated to 10 fb–1 and potential systematic uncertainties are approximated given the deviations between true and reconstructed yields. Similar neutron information is obtained by comparing the ECCE e+p pseudo-data with the same from the EIC Yellow Report and scaling the corresponding Yellow Report e+3He pseudo-data uncertainties accordingly. The impact on the knowledge of the Sivers functions, transversity and tensor charges, and the Collins function has then been evaluated in the same phenomenological extractions as in the Yellow Report. Finally, the impact is found to be comparable to that obtained with the parametrized Yellow Report detector and shows that the ECCE detector configuration can fulfill the physics goals on these quantities.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
50.
Exclusive J/$\psi$ detection and physics with ECCE Akiba, Y.; Albataineh, A.; Bae, J. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2022, Volume:
1048, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) detector has been recommended as a reference design for the proposed Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) program. Here, this paper presents simulation ...studies of exclusive J/$\psi$ detection and selected physics impact results in EIC using the projected ECCE detector concept. Exclusive quarkonium photoproduction is one of the most popular processes in EIC, which has a large cross section and a simple final state. Due to the gluonic nature of the exchange Pomeron, this process can be related to the gluon distributions in the nucleus. Preliminary results estimate the excellent statistics benefited from the large cross section of J/$\psi$ photoproduction and superior performance of ECCE detector concept. The precise measurement of exclusive J/$\psi$ photoproduction at EIC will help us to more deeply understand nuclear gluon distributions, near threshold production mechanism and nucleon mass structure.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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