The present study aimed to determine the intensity of pain perception in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. We analyzed the severity of pain concerning four routine procedures: the ...placement of separating elastics, ring cementations, arch activations, and elastic tractions. Our study consisted of a sample of 100 patients between 12 and 35 years old during the initial months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. The patients completed a questionnaire meant to assess their pain sensation perception. The study sample was divided according to age and sex. By determining the intensity of pain felt during the four orthodontic procedures, we found that the most painful one was the ring cementation in all four age groups. The therapeutic-arch-activation procedure ranked second, with a higher mean value (2.66) in the 18–24 age group; the least painful was considered the elastic traction procedure, with a higher value (1.33) in the group over 30 years old. The most painful period was during the first 3–4 days after procedures. Most patients showed moderate pain after following the studied orthodontic interventions and required analgesic medication, the most frequently used being Nurofen, ketonal or paracetamol. The level of pain felt was significantly higher in men than in women. Patients suffer differently from the intensity of perceived pain as they grow older.
(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphology and linear dimensions of sella turcica in Romanian participants from all three skeletal classes to see whether there were any ...differences. (2) Method: We examined 90 lateral cephalometric radiographs of patients aged 12 and older and divided them into skeletal classes I, II, and III (30 participants in each). Sella turcica linear measurements such as length, depth, and anteroposterior diameter were measured and studied. To see the nature of our data, Q–Q plots tests were performed. By examining these tests performed for each variable belonging to a particular class, it can be noted that the points are fairly well distributed along some lines, meaning that the data are normally distributed. An Anova test with Bonferroni correction was used to compare the mean values of the examined parameters between the classes. Also, to observe the correlation between our experimental data, the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated. (3) Results: In all three skeletal classes, the average length of the sella was 8.98 mm ± 1.470, the average depth was 7.99 mm ± 1.081, and the average diameter was 10.29 mm ± 1.267. For all examined linear dimensions, there was a statistically significant difference between class I and class III subjects and between class II and class III subjects (p < 0.001). The morphology of sella turcica was found to be normal in 51.1% of instances, representing the majority across all skeletal classes. In the Romanian population, sella turcica has shown a significant amount of variation. Class III subjects had larger sella dimensions, whereas class II subjects had smaller values. (4) Conclusions: The measurements and morphology of the sella analysed in the present research can serve as standards for subsequent research concerning the sella turcica region in individuals from Romania.
Our study aimed to assess the efficiency of Curcumin nanoformulation (LCC) on experimental nephrotoxicity induced by Gentamicin in rats.
Six groups of seven rats were used: C-(control group) received ...saline solution i.p. (i.p. = intraperitoneal), G-gentamicin (G, 80 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)), GCC1 and GCC2-with G and CC solution (single dose of 10 mg/kg b.w.-CC1, or 20 mg/kg b.w.-CC2), GLCC1 (10 mg/kg b.w.) and GLCC2 (20 mg/kg b.w.) with G and LCC administration. Oxidative stress parameters (NOx = nitric oxide, MDA = malondialdehyde, TOS = total oxidative stress), antioxidant parameters (CAT = catalase, TAC = total antioxidant capacity), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and renal function parameters (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urea) were measured. Kidneys histopathologic examination was made for each group.
Pretreatment with CC and LCC in both doses had significantly alleviating effects on assessed parameters (NOx, MDA, TOS, CAT, TAC, MMP-2, and -9) as compared with the untreated group (
< 0.006). Histopathological aspect and renal function were significantly improved in CC and LCC groups. Liposomal formulation (LCC) showed higher efficiency on all examined parameters compared to CC (
< 0.006).
Our results demonstrated improving renal function and kidney cytoarchitecture, oxidative stress/antioxidant/balance, and MMPs plasma concentrations with better dose-related efficacity of LCC than CC.
Background: Due to the higher frequency of ischemic stroke in men compared to women, we aimed to determine if gender differences exist regarding periodontal status and several plasma biomarkers in ...patients with a recent large artery atherosclerosis ischemic stroke (IS). Material and methods: Patients with their first IS within less than six weeks who were able to undergo periodontal examinations were evaluated. Demographic data, periodontal status, oxidative stress parameters/plasma antioxidant capacity, and C-reactive protein in patients who suffered a recent large artery atherosclerosis ischemic stroke were reccorded. Results: 93 patients were included in the study. More men were smokers (12/57 vs. 3/36) and consumed alcohol (17/57 vs. 3/36), and more women had higher glycemic values (p = 0.023), total cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (p = 0.010), and HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (p = 0.005) levels. Significantly more men than women had moderate plus severe periodontal disease (p = 0.018), significantly higher levels of nitric oxide (p = 0.034), and significantly lower levels of total antioxidant capacity (p = 0.028). Conclusions: In this pilot study, men seem to be more prone to oxidative stress and to develop more severe forms of periodontitis among patients with stroke, but the results need validation on a larger sample.
The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of toothpastes, with different compositions, on optical and morphological features of sound and demineralized enamel. We selected twenty-five ...teeth, recently extracted for orthodontic purposes, for this in vitro study. The teeth were caries free, without stains, fissures, filling or hypoplasia observed at inspection under standard conditions. Teeth were brushed (for 2-3 min, twice a day, for 21 days), with five different toothpastes (four commercially available and an experimental one) containing fluoride and hydroxyapatite. After that, teeth were demineralized with 37% orthophosforic acid (Ultra Etch
, Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA) for 60 s. We repeated the brushing protocol for another 21 days on demineralized enamel. Enamel vestibular surfaces were examined using a spectrophotometer (Vita EasyShade -Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (Inspect S
, FEI Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA). Differences were statistically significant for colour parameters L* and ΔE*. SEM evaluation reveals demineralized enamel mineral gain after brushing with selected toothpastes. Toothpastes with specific ingredients can represent a balance between aesthetic and mineralization, and an oral hygiene correct algorithm is able to preserve enamel characteristics during ortodontic treatement with fixed appliances.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Aim of the study Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a term that describes a group of inherited conditions that affect the structure and the appearance of dental enamel in both primary and permanent ...dentition. Material and methods The oral rehabilitation of patients with AI remains a challenge, for the clinician and for the patient, because it requires long-term collaboration. To illustrate the difficulties in treatment of such pathology, we present a clinical case. Results AI associated with crowding, canine inclusion, and severe enamel impairment with associated hyperesthesia, imposed complex orthodontic and prosthetic treatment. Conclusions Long lasting treatment that involves an interdisciplinary team of specialized dentists is required in order to properly manage a condition such as AI.
Aim of the study. Uncooperative children stand for a problem in paediatric dental practice, because dental rehabilitation cannot be achieved without difficulty. This paper emphasis on problems ...encountered in every day practice after children rehabilitation under general anaesthesia. Material and methods. 8 years old boy with cognitive and developmental problems with compromised dental status was treated under general anaesthesia in one day surgery. Results. Dental procedures performed under general anaesthesia must be follow by preventive regular appointment, with the purpose to increase patient compliance. For the first year after general anaesthesia, patient respect the preventive protocol but after that he abandons. Conclusions. General anaesthesia can help for uncooperative children dental rehabilitation, but active family involvement is necessary for accurate over time results.
Anti-inflammatory proprieties of curcumin were proved to be useful in various diseases, including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory comparative effect of ...curcumin solution with liposomal curcumin formula, regarding the improvement of serum levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-6 (interleukin), IL-1α, IL-1β, MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and RANTES in experimental diabetes, induced by streptozotocin (STZ), in rats.
Six groups of 7 rats were investigated regarding the effect of i.p. (intraperitoneal) administration of two concentrations of curcumin solution (CC1 and CC2) and two concentrations of liposomal curcumin (LCC1 and LCC2): group 1 - control group with i.p. administration of 1 mL saline solution, group 2 - i.p. STZ administration (60mg/kg bw, bw=body weight), group 3 - STZ+CC1 administration, group 4 - STZ+CC2 administration, group 5 - STZ+ LCC1 administration and group 6 - STZ+ LCC2 administration. The concentrations of curcumin formulas were 1 mg/0.1 kg bw for CC1 and LCC1 and 2 mg/0.1 kg bw for CC2 and LCC2, respectively. Serum levels of C-peptide (as an indicator of pancreatic function) and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, MCP-1, and RANTES (as biomarkers for systemic inflammation) were assessed for each group.
The plasma level of C-peptide showed significant improvements when LCC was administrated, with better results for LCC2 when compared to LCC1 (P<0.003). LCC2 pretreatment proved to be more efficient in reducing the level of TNF-α (P<0.003) and RANTES (P<0.003) than CC2 pretreatment. Upon comparing LCC2 with LCC1 formulas, the differences were significant for TNF-α (P=0.004), IL-1β (P=0.022), and RANTES (P=0.003) levels.
Liposomal curcumin in a dose of 2 mg/0.1 kg bw proved to have an optimum therapeutic effect as a pretreatment in DM induced by STZ. This result can constitute a base for clinical studies for curcumin efficiency as adjuvant therapy in type 1 DM.
The hepatoprotective role of various molecules in drug-induced hepatotoxicity arouses great interest. We investigated the effect of liposomal curcumin (LCC) on experimental acetaminophen ...(APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity.
Rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups, and the effect of two LCC concentrations was studied: group 1 - 1 ml intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline, group 2 - APAP pretreatment, group 3 - APAP+silymarin (extract of the silybum marianum with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties), group 4 - APAP+LCC1, group 5 - APAP+LCC2. The biomarkers of oxidative stress (nitric oxide and malondialdehyde) and antioxidant status of plasma (thiols and catalase), TNF-α, MMP-2 and MMP-9 serum levels were evaluated.
An improvement in oxidative stress, antioxidant status, and TNF-α, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels was obtained in groups pretreated with LCC compared to silymarin treatment, in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological examination reinforced the results.
Liposomal curcumin improves the oxidative stress/antioxidant balance and alleviates inflammation in experimental APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
Natural therapeutic factors are widely used as an important adjuvant therapy in various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the role of balneal therapy ...on oxidative stress parameters in experimental myocardial ischemia induced in rats. 5 groups of 8 rats were used as follow: group 1- control group; group 2 - group swimming in distilled water (DW); group 3- group with myocardial ischemia (MI); group 4 - group with MI swimming in DW; group 5 - group with MI and swimming in carbonated mineral water (CMW). Myocardial ischemia was induced with Isoproterenol. The following oxidative stress/antioxidant blood parameters were assessed for each animal: nitric oxide (NOx), malondialdechyde (MDA), total oxidative stress (TOS), catalase (CAT) and total ant oxidative capacity of plasma (TAC). In group 5 all parameters assessed were significantly improved compared with group 3 and 4. Carbonated mineral water can be used as an adjuvant therapy for improving oxidative stress/antioxidant status in patients with cardiac ischemia, in order to reduce the amplitude of ischemic lesions and to contribute as a prophylactic therapy to a better quality of life for these patients. Continuing this research in humans through clinical studies would be warranted.
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