β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is an important indicator for metabolic disorders in dairy cows, such as ketosis and fatty liver. Dairy cows with ketosis display oxidative stress that may be associated with ...high levels of BHB. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a correlation between the high levels of BHB and oxidative stress in dairy cows with ketosis, and to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative damage in bovine hepatocytes. The results showed that dairy cows with ketosis exhibited oxidative stress and liver damage, which was significantly correlated with plasma BHB. Similarly, high concentrations of BHB increased the oxidative stress of cow hepatocytes in vitro, resulting in the phosphorylation and activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which led to increased expression, nuclear localization, and transcriptional activity of p53 and decreased Nrf2 in bovine hepatocytes. High concentrations of BHB significantly increased the expression of proapoptotic genes and significantly inhibited the expression of antiapoptotic genes. Finally, high concentrations of BHB promoted apoptosis in bovine hepatocytes. N-Acetyl-l-cysteine, glucose, and SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) significantly attenuated BHB-induced apoptotic damage in hepatocytes. These results indicate that BHB induces bovine hepatocyte apoptosis through the ROS-p38-p53/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The construction of a desirable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective nanoheterostructure photoanode to treat refractory organics is critical and challenging. Herein, we unveiled a ...hierarchical dendritic Co3O4–SnO2 heterostructure via a sequential hydrothermal process. The time of the secondary hydrothermal process can control the size of the ultrathin SnO2 nanosheets on the basis of the Ostwald solidification mass conservation principle. Ti/Co3O4–SnO2-168h with critical growth size demonstrated a photoelectrocatalysis degradation rate of ∼93.3% for a high dye concentrate of 90 mg/L with acceptable long-term cyclability and durability over reported Co3O4-based electrodes because of the large electrochemically active area, low charge transfer resistance, and high photocurrent intensity. To gain insight into the photoelectric synergy, we proposed a type-II heterojunction between Co3O4 and SnO2, which prevents photogenerated carriers’ recombination and improves the generation of dominant active species •O2 –, 1O2, and h+. This work uncovered the Ti/Co3O4–SnO2-168 as a promising catalyst and provided a simple and inexpensive assembly strategy to obtain binary integrated nanohybrids with targeted functionalities.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Abstract
Background
Fear of workplace violence has become a critical issue worldwide, which can lead to burnout, low levels of job satisfaction, and turnover. However, to date, little attention has ...been directed toward fear of workplace violence among nurses. Accordingly, this study investigated the level of fear of future workplace violence and its influencing factors among nurses in Shandong, China.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 30 through September 30, 2020 in Shandong Province, China. A total of 1898 nurses were enrolled from 12 tertiary hospitals. Fear of future workplace violence was measured using the Fear of Future Violence at Work scale. Demographic information, employment characteristics, social support, and experience of workplace violence were assessed. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of fear of future workplace violence.
Results
The average score of fear of future violence at work was 67.43 ± 17.20 among nurses. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that higher fear of future violence at work scores were reported among nurses who were female (B = 7.10,
p
< 0.001), married (B = 3.50,
p
= 0.028), with a monthly income ≥5000 Chinese yuan (CNY) (B = 3.14,
p
= 0.007), working in the department of internal medicine (B = 2.90,
p
= 0.032), surgery (B = 5.03,
p
< 0.001), pediatrics (B = 5.38,
p
= 0.003), or emergency department (B = 4.50,
p
= 0.010), working as a contract employee (B = 2.41,
p
= 0.042), or who had experienced workplace violence (B = 7.02,
p
< 0.001). Lower fear of future violence at work scores were found among nurses who took vacations (1–14 days: B = − 2.52,
p
= 0.047; ≥15 days: B = − 3.69,
p
= 0.007) and had a high-level of social support (B = − 2.03,
p
= 0.020).
Conclusions
There was a high level of fear of future workplace violence among nurses in Shandong, China. This should be considered an important issue by hospital administrators and government officials. Effective interventions need to be enacted to address the influencing factors of fear of future workplace violence.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
•Ternary complex nanoparticles were fabricated with zein, CMCS and TP.•Tea polyphenols enhanced color maintainance of β-carotene in aqueous phase.•β-carotene embedded ternary systems showed high ...physiochemical stability.
β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. However, the weak physical stability restricts its development in food industrial production. Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. Besides excellent antioxidant properties, ternary complexes were extremely effective in inhibiting β-carotene color degradation when exposed to ultraviolet light. Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Although the Ostwald ripening approach is often utilized to manufacture single hollow metal oxide, constructing hollow binary oxide heterostructures as potent photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalysts is ...still obscure and challenging. Herein, we reveal a general strategy for fabricating hollow binary oxides heterostructures (Co3O4-δ-MnO2 and Co3O4–SnO2) utilizing Ostwald ripening. Hollow Co3O4-δ-MnO2 nano-network with the structure evolution process was systematically explored through experimental and theoretical tools, identifying the origin of hollow binary oxides due to the interfaces acting as landing sites for their growth. In addition, the structural evolution, from hollow Co3O4-δ-MnO2 to Co3O4-α-MnO2, can be observed when the time of secondary hydrothermal reaches 96 h due to the topotactic layer-to-tunnel transition process. Notably, optimized Co3O4-δ-MnO2-48 exhibits a superior PEC degradation efficiency of 96.42% and excellent durability (20,000 min) under harsh acid conditions, attributed to the massive hollow structures' vast surface area for high intently active species. Furthermore, density functional theory simulations elucidated the Co3O4-δ-MnO2’ electron-deficient surface and high d-band center (Co3O4-δ-MnO2, -1.06; Co3O4-α-MnO2, -1.49), strengthening the interaction between the catalyst's surface and active species and prolonging the lifetime of active species of •O2− and 1O2. This work not only demonstrates superior PEC degradation efficiency of hollow Co3O4-δ-MnO2 for practical use but also lays the cornerstone for constructing hollow binary oxides heterostructures through Ostwald ripening.
Constructing hollow binary oxide heterostructures as effective photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalysts remains ambiguous and challenging. We reveal a general strategy for fabricating hollow binary oxide heterostructures. Especially, Co3O4-δ-MnO2-48 exhibit a superior PEC degradation efficiency of 96.42% and excellent durability, attributed to the massive hollow structures' vast surface area for highly intently active species. Display omitted
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•Setaria-viridis-like Co3O4@MnO2 Heterostructure was synthesized.•It exhibited excellent reactive brilliant blue KN-R degradation capabilities.•Synergistic photoelectrocatalytic ...effect leads to efficient dye degradation.•Electron-deficient surfaces of catalysis strongly interact with active species.•Achieved a decomposition efficiency of ∼ 94.8% with excellent stability.
Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation efficiency of refractory organic pollutants depends strongly on the characteristics of photoanode semiconductors. Therefore, choosing a photoanode semiconductor material to enhance the PEC efficiency is a critical problem. Here, we assemble a unique Co3O4@(δ-)MnO2 setaria-viridis-like heterostructure employing a two-step hydrothermal method. To maximize PEC degradation efficiency, coupling Co3O4 with an appropriate amount of MnO2 achieves Co3O4@MnO2-0.05, resulting in high oxygen evolution potential, fast carrier transfer, low resistance, electron-deficient surface, and high photo-response current. Those properties endow Co3O4@MnO2-0.05 as a promising candidate for practice application of dye degradation, with a degradation rate of ∼ 94.8 % and long-term durability (∼12000 s) under 1.0 mol·L−1 H2SO4 condition at a current density of 250 mA·cm−2 for blue KN-R degradation. Remarkably, the superior PEC degradation efficiency of Co3O4@MnO2-0.05 outperformed that of Co3O4-based and MnO2-based catalysts due to the dominant role of •O2− and h+ radical during degradation experiments.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
It has of practical significance for environmental protection to find adsorbents with high efficiency, high adsorption capacity and high selectivity to treat radioactive uranium-containing ...wastewater. The metal–organic framework compound UiO-66-(OH)
2
was synthesized by refluxing ZrCl
4
and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid in
N, N
-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 80 ℃. UiO-66-(OH)
2
was functionalized with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. UiO-66-(OH)
2
amidoxime derivative obtained through chemical modification is used as adsorbent to adsorb U(VI). The result shows that the adsorption process of U(VI) on UiO-66-(OH)
2
amidoxime derivative follows pseudo-second-order kinetics, the adsorption isotherm conforms to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The material has good adsorption performance whose experimental results showed that the adsorption ratio of UiO-66-(OH)
2
amidoxime derivative was 87.4% at
C
0
= 15 mg L
−1
, pH = 10.0 and
T
= 25 °C, indicating that the UiO-66-(OH)
2
amidoxime derivative is a potential uranium adsorbent.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry, a non-invasive and non-destructive method, is a key technique for unconventional reservoir evaluation. Echo data detected by from NMR instrument, a kind ...of weak signal, however, is characterized by a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The achievement of NMR relaxation spectra inversion of a high precision, for echo data with a low SNR, is a challenge, which will also affect the unconventional reservoir evaluation of NMR logging. In this paper, a variational mode decomposition (VMD) method was proposed for NMR echo data denoising. NMR echo data was decomposed into an ensemble of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by the VMD method. The IMF number is an important parameter for VMD, and VMD results are different with various IMF number. An optimal selection method for the IMF number was proposed. The decomposed IMFs compose of signals with different frequencies. Noise is from high frequency signal, but valuable data is from low frequency signal. The effective IMFs in VMD were selected and summed as the denoised echo data. Numerical simulations and field NMR logging data processing were undertaken to evaluate the NMR echo data denoising effectiveness and practicality of the proposed VMD-based method. The results showed that the inverted NMR spectra exhibit a higher quality after the VMD-based denoise, compared with those for raw echo data and after the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) denoise. This indicates a higher denoising quality is achieved by the VMD-based method than by the EMD-based method for NMR echo data.
To gain a deeper understanding of the metabolic differences within and outside the body, as well as changes in transcription levels following estrus in yaks, we conducted transcriptome and metabolome ...analyses on female yaks in both estrus and non-estrus states. The metabolome analysis identified 114, 13, and 91 distinct metabolites in urine, blood, and follicular fluid, respectively. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis highlighted an enrichment of pathways related to amino acid and lipid metabolism across all three body fluids. Our transcriptome analysis revealed 122 differentially expressed genes within microRNA (miRNA) and 640 within long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Functional enrichment analysis of lncRNA and miRNA indicated their involvement in cell signaling, disease resistance, and immunity pathways. We constructed a regulatory network composed of 10 lncRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 30 mRNAs, based on the targeted regulation relationships of the differentially expressed genes. In conclusion, the accumulation of metabolites such as amino acids, steroids, and organic acids, along with the expression changes of key genes like miR-129 during yak estrus, provide initial insights into the estrus mechanism in yaks.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Propolis is a natural resinous mixture from many plant materials, buds, and exudates and is rich in polyphenols with several health beneficial properties. However, its application in food products ...and pharmaceuticals is hindered because of its low water solubility, undesirable sensorial characteristics and limited bio-accessibility. Here, we originally report the design and synthesis of food-grade colloidal nanoparticles as propolis carriers to enhance its oral bioavailability. Propolis was encapsulated into heat-denatured zein with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) coating by acid-induced aggregation. Calcium cross-linking provided the best controlled release of propolis and improved encapsulation efficiency. The complex nanoparticles prepared under optimized conditions were spherical in shape with a Z-average diameter of ∼156 nm and zeta potential of ∼ -30 mV. Encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading content (LC) of propolis in heat-denatured zein/CMCS nanoparticles reached∼83% and∼13.83%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) indicated that hydrogen bonds, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were the major forces responsible for nanoparticle formation. The in vitro antioxidant activity of propolis encapsulated in nanoparticles was considerably stronger than that of propolis dispersed in water. This new approach of fabricating propolis-loaded heat-denatured zein/CMCS nanoparticle provides a promising strategy with high yield and is non-toxic with improved water solubility, antioxidant activity and sustained release of propolis.
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●Propolis nanoparticles were formed with Heat-denatured zein and CMCS (Z/CMCS NPs).●Z/CMCS NPs were fabricated by acid-induced aggregation and calcium cross-linking.●Nanoparticles formed by hydrogen bonds, electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction.●Nanoparticulated propolis showed controlled release behavior.●Nanoparticulated propolis showed improved in vitro antioxidant activity.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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