China's first Mars exploration mission,Tianwen-1,successfully landed in southern Utopia Planitia on Mars on May 15,2021.This work presents a detailed investigation of the geologic context of the ...landing area surface for this mission based on orbital remote-sensing data.We constructed a geomorphologic map for the Tianwen-1 landing area.Results of our detailed geomorphologic map show several major landforms within the landing area,including rampart craters,mesas,troughs,cones,and ridges.Analysis of materials on the landing area surface indicates that most of the landing area is covered by Martian dust.Transverse aeolian ridges are widely distributed within the landing area,indicating the surface contexts were(and still are)modified by regional winds.In addition,a crater counting analysis indicates the landing area has an absolute model age of～3.3 Ga and that a later resurfacing event occurred at～1.6 Ga.Finally,we outline four formational scenarios to test the formation mechanisms for the geomorphologic features on the landing area surface.The most likely interpretation to explain the existence of the observed surface features can be summarized as follows:A thermal influence may have played an important role in the formation of the surface geomorphologic features;thus,igneous-related processes may have occurred in the landing area.Water ice may also have been involved in the construction of the primordial surface configuration.Subsequent resurfacing events and aeolian processes buried and modified the primordial surface.
Large antenna panels are affected by the environment and their own gravity during use, and inevitably deformed, which will have an impact on antenna performance. Aiming at the rapid dynamic detection ...of large antenna panel deformation, the antenna panel deformation measurement scheme based on high-precision 3D laser scanner is designed. The algorithm of fitting parabolic surface is used for point cloud data registration, statistical and surface fitting algorithm is used for filtering and antenna panel deformation analysis, and the antenna panel point cloud data is measured and analyzed, and the deformation information of 70 m antenna panel is obtained, which realizes high efficiency, high precision and automatic large antenna panel deformation detection.
A series of multi-substituted isatin derivatives were synthesized using the powerful Sandmeyer reaction. The structures of these derivatives were confirmed by
H-NMR,
C-NMR, and HR-MS. Inhibition of ...proliferation activities of these derivatives against human leukemia cells (K562), human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and human colon carcinoma cells (HT-29) were evaluated in vitro using the MTT assay. Among the series, compound
exhibited strong antiproliferatory activities against K562, HepG2 and HT-29 cells with IC
values of 1.75, 3.20, and 4.17 μM, respectively. The morphological, growth inhibitory and apoptosic effects of compound
in K562 cells, wound healing effect in HepG2 cells, and tube formating effect in matrix gel of HUVEC cells were evaluated consequently. All results indicated that compound
could be used as a potential antitumor agent in further investigations.
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This study reviews the use of mirabilite in traditional Chinese medicine and various preparations by describing its chemical composition, processing methods, pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical ...research progress.
The applications and processing methods of mirabilite are searched in traditional and modern Chinese medical writings, and the articles on chemical composition, pharmacological effects, toxicology, and clinical studies of mirabilite and its combinations in PubMed and China Knowledge Network are reviewed, sorted, and analyzed.
The main chemical component of mirabilite is sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na
SO
·10H
O), followed by small amounts of sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and other inorganic salts. This study systematically organizes the history of the medicinal use of mirabilite in China for more than 2,000 years. This mineral has been used by nine Chinese ethnic groups (Han, Dai, Kazakh, Manchu, Mongolian, Tujia, Wei, Yi, and Tibetan) in a large number of prescription preparations. The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 edition) records stated that mirabilite can be used for abdominal distension, abdominal pain, constipation, intestinal carbuncle, external treatment of breast carbuncle, hemorrhoids, and other diseases. The traditional processing methods of mirabilite in China include refining, boiling, sautéing, filtration after hot water blistering, and firing. Since the Ming Dynasty, processing by radish has become the mainstream prepared method of mirabilite. Mirabilite can exhibit anti-inflammatory detumescence effects by inhibiting AMS, LPS, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and NO levels and attenuating the upregulation of TNF-α and NF-κB genes. It can promote cell proliferation and wound healing by increasing the production of cytokines TGFβ1 and VEGF-A and gastrointestinal motility by increasing the release of vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, and motilin. It can increase the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor and AKT phosphorylation in the liver by up-regulating bile acid synthesis genes; reduce TRB3 expression in the liver, FGF15 co-receptor KLB expression, and FGF15 production in the ileum, and JNK signal transduction; and increase the transcription of CYP7A1 to achieve a cholesterol-lowering effect. Mirabilite also has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as regulating intestinal flora, anti-muscle paralysis, anti-colon cancer, promoting water discharge, and analgesic. Only a few toxicological studies on mirabilite are available. External application of mirabilite can cause local skin to be flushed or itchy, and its oral administration is toxic to neuromuscular cells. The sulfur ions of its metabolites can also be toxic to the human body. At present, no pharmacokinetic study has been conducted on mirabilite as a single drug. This mineral has been widely used in the clinical treatment of inflammation, edema, wound healing, digestive system diseases, infusion extravasation, hemorrhoids, skin diseases, breast accumulation, muscle paralysis, intestinal preparation before microscopic examination, and other diseases and symptoms.
Mirabilite has good application prospects in traditional Chinese medicine and ethnomedicine. In-depth research on its processing methods, active ingredients, quality control, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms, and standardized clinical application is needed. This paper provides a reference for the application and research of mirabilite in the future.
Extramedullary invasion of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) usually occurs in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, while the pleural infiltration of CMML is rare. The presence of pleural ...effusion is usually associated with uncontrolled leukocytosis and increased monocytes.
Here we reported a rare case of CMML-0 with pleural effusion as the first manifestation in a 44-year-old woman. The pleural effusion was caused by blasts infiltration confirmed by the flow cytometer and the pleural biopsy.
CMML with pleural invasion.
The patient was treated with azacitidine 75 mg/m d for 2 cycles, followed by daily oral intake of hydroxyurea (500 mg/d).
Pleural effusion was resolved and chest pain was relieved.
The current case indicated that leukemic infiltration into pleura could occur despite mild leukocytes, while demethylation may be an effective therapy.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for the majority of thyroid cancers and has a high recurrence rate. We aimed to screen key genes involved in PTC to provide novel insights into the ...mechanisms of PTC.
Seven microarray datasets of PTC were downloaded from gene expression omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PTC and normal samples were screened in the merged dataset. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPIs) functional modules analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were utilized to identify PTC-associated key genes. The identified key genes were then characterized from various aspects, including gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the associations with immune infiltration, methylation levels and prognosis.
A large numbers of DEGs were identified, and these DEGs are involved in several cancer pathways. Nine key genes (including down-regulated genes GNA14, AVPR1A, and WFS1, and up-regulated genes LAMB3, PLAU, MET, MFGE8, PRSS23, and SERPINA1) were identified. Patients in the AVPR1A and GNA14 high expression groups had better disease-free survival (DFS) than those in the low expression group. Key genes were mainly involved in P53 pathway, estrogen response, apoptosis, glycolysis, NOTCH signaling, epithelial mesenchymal transition, WNT_beta catenin signaling, and inflammatory response. The expression of key genes was associated with immune cell infiltration and corresponding methylation levels. The verification results of key gene proteins and mRNA expression levels using external validation datasets were consistent with our expectations, implying the involvements of key genes in PTC.
The key genes may serve as potential therapeutic targets for PTC. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying PTC development.
•DEGs may participate in the occurrence and development of PTC.•The expression level of GNA14 and AVPR1A are related to PTC prognosis.•Upstream miRNAs of key genes are involved in various cancers.•Key genes play a role in PTC involving multiple signaling pathways.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The present study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-low carbon bainitic steel (UCBS) under different cold rolling reductions. When the rolling reduction ratios were ...increased to 80%, the microstructure was refined, and the lath width of the bainite decreased from 601 nm to 252 nm. The ultimate tensile strength and yield strength increased from 812 MPa and 683 MPa to 1195 MPa and 1150 MPa, respectively, whereas the elongation decreased from 15.9% to 7.9%. In addition, the dislocation density increased from 8.3 × 10
m
to 4.87 × 10
m
and a stronger γ-fiber texture was obtained at the 80% cold rolling reduction ratio. The local stress distribution and kernel average misorientation were not uniform and became more severe with increased rolling reduction ratios. The strength increment of UCBS was primarily due to boundary strengthening and dislocation strengthening. The theoretical strength increment agreed well with the experimental measurements, which can be helpful for the design and production of UCBS for broad engineering applications.
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