The investigation of the laser-induced crystalline phase transition of niobium doped TiO2 single crystal is discussed in this paper. The TiO2 single crystal was studied by using Raman spectroscopy ...and electron backscatter diffraction before and after irradiation by 266 nm ns laser at the threshold intensity of 56 MW/cm2. Experimental results show an evidence of anatase phase formation from rutile single crystal. Moreover, the analysis of the experimentally obtained and calculated crystallographic texture indicates that the converted TiO2 layer has a polycrystalline structure with the preferred orientations. According to the Raman spectroscopy the amount of anatase phase increases with the number of laser pulses indicating the dose-dependent conversion process.
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•Laser-induced rutile to anatase crystalline phase transition of TiO2 crystal.•Raman spectroscopy confirms the crystalline phase transition.•Electron beam backscattering confirms the laser induced phase transition.•The anatase phase is stabilized by niobium doping.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
An ameloblastic fibroma with formation of dental hard tissues, which the classical name is ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO), is a rare type of mixed odontogenic tumor. An 8-year-old boy was ...diagnosed with AFO, with an inhomogeneous high signal within the lesion shown by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed a unilocular low CT value area of 24 × 19 × 26 mm with buccolingual bony expansion and cortical bone thinning on the left side of the mandible including the crown of the mandibular left second molar. In addition, multiple calcified bodies were detected within the lesion, one of which had a CT value of approximately 2200 HU, equivalent to that of enamel. MRI indicated the lesion to be sized 24 × 19 × 25 mm along with buccolingual bony expansion in the left side of the mandible. Additionally, the lesion showed an internal inhomogeneous high signal, while a portion had an especially high signal in T2-weighted images. That particularly high signal area coincided with the nodular growth area of mucus-rich mesenchymal components without the epithelial component in histopathology findings. The particularly high signal revealed by T2-weighted imaging could be attributed to the mucus-rich component. MRI was found useful for revealing differences in the internal histopathological properties of an AFO in our patient.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Abstract
Background:
Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) is a rare developmental odontogenic cyst of the jaw. It was originally believed to be a variant of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) but is now ...considered to be a distinct entity. OOC usually presents as a single lesion and recurs infrequently. On the other hand, OKC often presents with multiple lesions and displays locally aggressive behavior and a high recurrence rate associated with the
protein patched homolog 1
(
PTCH1
) gene mutation. Multiple OOC cases are extremely rare and seem to be aggressive, but their pathogenesis is not fully understood. This study aimed to determine the clinical, pathological, and genetic characteristics of multiple OCC.
Methods:
Three cases of multiple OOC were evaluated for clinical and histological findings, and immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and Bcl-2. Furthermore,
PTCH1
mutations were analyzed by next-generation sequencing using a custom panel to cover the entire exon of
PTCH1
.
Results:
The three cases of multiple OOC included two men and one woman with a mean age of 25.3 years old (range, 18–38 years old). Each case had two or three OOCs (total of seven OOCs), all of which were simultaneously detected. Of the seven OOCs that manifested as multiple jaw cysts, seven (100%) occurred in the posterior regions, four (57.1%) occurred in the mandible, and four (57.1%) were associated with an impacted tooth. Histological examination revealed cysts lined by orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Immunohistochemistry showed a low Ki-67 labeling index and no Bcl-2 expression in the seven OOCs. No pathogenic
PTCH1
mutations were detected in any of the seven OOCs. None of the patients had any other symptoms or signs of recurrence at the last follow-up (6–60 months).
Conclusion:
Multiple OOCs appeared to occur more often in younger patients than solitary OOC. Both multiple and solitary OOCs may be related diseases within the entity of odontogenic cysts. Multiple OOCs are clinicopathologically and genetically distinct from OKC.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is a rare low-grade malignant salivary gland carcinoma.
EWSR1
-
ATF1
fusion has been characterized as a consistent finding in CCC, with breakpoints described between
EWSR1
...exon 11 and
ATF1
exon 3. So far, over 100 cases of CCC harboring
EWSR1
rearrangement arising from salivary gland of the oral cavity have been reported. Although
EWSR1
involvement in these cases was confirmed by
EWSR1
break-apart FISH indicating the translocation, sequence analysis for
EWSR1
-
ATF1
fusion type has been reported only in three cases of CCC so far. Herein, we report a CCC case with novel
EWSR1
-
ATF1
fusion (
EWSR1
exon 15 and
ATF1
exon 5) arising in minor salivary gland and review the role of the chimeric variants in some malignancies with
EWSR1
-
ATF1
rearrangement. Current tumor was composed of the small nests of clear tumor cells and hyalized fibrous stroma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for AE1/AE3, CK5/6 and p63, negative for S100, Melan-A, SMA and CD10. After 8 months of follow-up, there are no evidence of recurrence.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma characterized by an alveolar or organoid arrangement of polygonal tumour cells separated by fibrovascular septa. A specific fusion gene ...
ASPS
critical region 1
(
ASPSCR1
)—
TFE3
was detected in ASPS. Despite being a slow-growing tumour without pain and dysfunction, ASPS is characterized by early metastasis, which leads to poor prognosis. Herein, we report a rare case of primary ASPS of the cheek harbouring
ASPSCR1
(exon 7)—
TFE3
(exon 5) fusion gene in a 21 year-old woman. This tumour was a well-circumscribed, smooth, round mass that was clinically suspected as a benign tumour. However, histologically, it was observed that the polygonal tumour cells were arranged in solid and alveolar growth patterns. Post-operative examination of the whole body excluded the possibility of metastasis at other sites. Thus, careful immunohistochemical and genetic analyses, as well as whole-body examination, demonstrated that the tumour was a primary ASPS of the cheek.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
We report a case of a fibrous odontogenic lesion occurring in the maxilla of a man in his 60s. The patient presented with an asymptomatic radiolucent area related to the upper left premolar on ...radiography. Histological examination of the lesion obtained through an incisional biopsy revealed dense fibrous connective tissue containing small, rounded islands of odontogenic epithelium. The differential diagnoses included central odontogenic fibroma and sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma. Despite being completely different entities, the histological similarities between the two tumors raise diagnostic challenges, with fibrous connective tissue and odontogenic epithelium being the common features. Owing to the finding of unclear small or thin epithelial nests with a high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and despite its small size, the lesion was suspected of being malignant, and a maxillary resection was performed. Sections from the resected specimen displayed a small or tiny odontogenic epithelium with cellular atypia and invasion by epithelial cells in and around the nerve fasciculi; therefore, a final diagnosis of sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma was made. Nonetheless, the presence of an odontogenic epithelium in or around the nerve fascicles is not always an evidence of malignancy in the jaw. Caution should be exercised when differentiating invasive epithelia from epithelial residues to provide appropriate treatment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-ISBT) has recently come to be considered one of the most effective treatments for oral cancer. On the other hand, it is important to note that radiation ...therapy has some side effects. Especially, radiation-induced malignancy is probably the most serious complication affecting long-term survivors. We report a case of a radiation-induced undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma that developed following HDR-ISBT for tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A 39-year-old woman with right tongue SCC underwent HDR-ISBT (60 Gy, 10 fractions, 8 days) treatment. Five years and one month later, a tumor had developed at the primary site. Surgery was performed for the tumor, which was histopathologically diagnosed as an undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma. That was distinct from the squamous cell origin of the primary cancer. According to recently established criteria for radiation-induced malignancy, this case was classified as a radiation-induced sarcoma. A search of the literature revealed no previous report of radiation-induced malignancy following HDR-ISBT for tongue cancer.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Big business corporations as monopoly capital control more than half of the world market share in major industries. In addition, with the establishment of the WTO (World Trade Organization) monopoly ...capital won governance over "trade rules." This ushered in a new era of corporate globalization. First, corporate globalization is characterized as a new stage of imperialism. Second, it can be characterized as a decaying capitalism. It does not secure a stable and sustainable life; on the contrary, it destroys it, because economic and political power, and therefore income, is concentrated in the monopoly capital. Therefore, for the people to realize a sustainable and stable community life, the corporate globalization regime must be abolished and the community must regain its governing power. This is a new strategy called localization, which is an alternative to the corporate globalization.
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CEKLJ, NMLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, UL, UM, UPUK
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