Objective
To investigate the association between mid‐trimester residual cervical length (CL) and the risk of preterm birth in pregnancies after abdominal radical trachelectomy (RT).
Design
...Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
University hospital.
Population
A total of 33 deliveries after 22 weeks’ gestation in 30 women who underwent abdominal RT including prophylactic cervical cerclage and perinatal care between January 2002 and May 2016.
Methods
The association between mid‐trimester residual CL (the distance between the cerclage and the external cervical os) and gestational age at delivery was investigated. Receiver–operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to estimate the optimal cut‐off values of the mid‐trimester residual CL for the prediction of preterm birth.
Main outcome measures
Preterm birth before 34 weeks’ gestation.
Results
Mid‐trimester residual CL showed a significant correlation with gestational age at delivery (r = 0.36, P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in residual CL between women who did and those who did not give birth before 34 weeks (P < 0.05). Mid‐trimester residual CL < 13 mm was a good predictor of birth before 34 weeks, with a sensitivity of 67%, specificity of 75%, positive predictive value of 55% and negative predictive value of 86% (area under ROC curve, 0.75).
Conclusions
Mid‐trimester residual CL is significantly correlated with gestational age at delivery. Residual CL assessment could be used to reassure physicians and women that there is only a small chance of preterm birth in pregnancies after abdominal RT.
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Mid‐trimester residual cervical length is a good predictor of preterm birth after radical trachelectomy.
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Mid‐trimester residual cervical length is a good predictor of preterm birth after radical trachelectomy.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
It has been suggested that the isoflavone, genistein,, may have some role as a chemopreventive agent against cancer in humans. Levels of genistein and its β-glucoside conjugate, genistin, ingested in ...soybeans and related bean products by the Japanese were quantified by HPLC, to estimate daily intake of these compounds. Amounts of genistein and genistin in soybeans, soy nuts and soy powder were in the range of 4.6 to 18.2 and 200.6 to 968.1 μg/g food, respectively. The values for soy milk and tofu (bean curd) were 1.9 to 13.9 and 94.8 to 137.7 μg/g food, respectively. Levels of isoflavones in fermented soybean products, miso (bean paste) and natto (fermented soybeans), were 38.5 to 229.1 μg/g food for genistein and 71.7 to 492.8 μg/g food for genistin. Thus, the level of genistein in the fermented soybean products was higher them in soy beans and soybean products such as soy milk and tofu. From these observations, it is suggested that the β-glycosyl bond of genistin is cleaved to produce genistein by microbes during fermentation to yield miso and natto. Soy sauce was also found to contain both isoflavones, but at levels lower than in miso and natto. On the basis of these data for average annual consumption of soybeans and related products, daily intake of genistein and genistin by the Japanese is calculated to be 1.5-4.1 and 6.3–8.3 mg/person, respectively. These levels are much higher than those for Americans or Western Europeans, whose mortality rates for breast, colon and prostate cancers are greater than the Japanese.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Epidemiological studies have shown that excessive alcohol consumption is a potent risk factor to develop suicidal behavior. Genetic factors for suicidal behavior have been observed in family, twin, ...and adoption studies. Because alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B) His47Arg and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) Glu487Lys single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which affect alcohol metabolism, have been reported to exert significant impacts on alcohol consumption and on the risk for alcoholism in East Asia populations, we explored associations of the two functional SNPs with suicide using a case–control study of 283 completed suicides and 319 control subjects in the Japanese population. We found that the inactive ALDH2 allele (487Lys) was significantly less frequent in the completed suicides (19.3%) than in the controls (29.3%), especially in males, whereas this was not the case in females. The males bearing alcoholism‐susceptible homozygotes at both loci (inactive ADH1B Arg/Arg and active ALDH2 Glu/Glu genotypes) have a 10 times greater risk for suicide compared with the males bearing alcoholism‐protective homozygotes at both loci. Our data show the genetic impact of the two polymorphisms on suicidal behavior in the Japanese population, especially in males. Because we did not verify the daily alcohol consumption, the association of these SNPs with suicide might be due to alcoholism itself. Further studies using case–control subjects, which verifies the details of current and past alcohol consumption and diagnosis for alcoholism, are required to confirm these findings.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Excessive alcohol consumption plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of suicide. Because certain functional alleles of alcohol dehydrogenase ( ADH1B ) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase ( ...ALDH2 ) genes affect alcohol consumption, we explored associations of the ADH1B and ALDH2 genetic variants with suicide in 317 Japanese males. We found the active ALDH2 allele was significantly more frequent in the completed suicides. Individuals bearing alcoholism-susceptible homozygotes at both loci have 6 times greater risk for suicide. Our data show the genetic impact of the two polymorphisms on suicidal behaviour and presence of the active ALDH2 allele may increase the risk for suicide.
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GEOZS, IMTLJ, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK
Background The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is known to have a role in suicidal behaviors in patients with affective disorders. However, the incomplete overlapping of the genetic factors ...of suicidal behaviors and the genetic factors of affective disorders suggest that the genes associated with predisposition to suicidal behaviors and affective disorders are different. There is increasing evidence that genes regulating the HPA axis have effects on suicidal behaviors. To test this idea, we examined the association of three HPA axis-related genes (glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), mineralocorticoid receptors (NR3C2), and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5)) with suicide. Methods We selected 3 SNPs of the FKBP5 (rs3800373, rs1360780, rs2395635), 2 SNPs of the NR3C1 (rs6196, rs10052957), and 3 SNPs of the NR3C2 genes (rs5525, rs5522, rs2070951) based on their frequency in the Japanese population. Using Taqman probe assays, we determined these SNPs in 219 completed suicide victims and 228 age- and gender- matched healthy control subjects. Results No significant differences in genotypic distribution or allelic frequency of any single SNPs between the completed suicide and control groups were observed. The distributions of TT, TC, and GT haplotypes of the FKBP5 gene (comprised of rs3800373 and rs1360780) between the completed suicide and control groups were significantly different (p < 0.05 for each haplotype). The TC haplotype withstood correction for multiple comparisons (corrected p = 0.034). Conclusion Our results suggest that haplotypes in FKBP5 gene are associated with completed suicide. This finding needs to be confirmed using rigorous SNPs selection in a larger sample.
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GEOZS, IMTLJ, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK
Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) is a single-gene disorder directly affecting the cerebral small blood vessels, that is caused by ...mutations in the HTRA1 gene encoding HtrA serine peptidase/protease 1 (HTRA1). CARASIL is the second known genetic form of ischemic, nonhypertensive, cerebral small-vessel disease with an identified gene, along with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). The exact prevalence of CARASIL is currently unknown, and to date approximately 50 patients have been reported, most of them from Japan and two from China. Genetically, no founder haplotype has been identified, and thus the disease is expected to be found more widely. The main clinical manifestations of CARASIL are ischemic stroke or stepwise deterioration in brain functions, progressive dementia, premature baldness, and attacks of severe low back pain or spondylosis deformans/disk herniation. The most characteristic findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging are diffuse white matter changes and multiple lacunar infarctions in the basal ganglia and thalamus. Histopathologically, CARASIL is characterized by intense arteriosclerosis, mainly in the small penetrating arteries, without granular osmiophilic materials or amyloid deposition. CARASIL is a prototype single-gene disorder of cerebral small vessels secondary to and distinct from CADASIL. CARASIL-associated mutant HTRA1 exhibited decreased protease activity and failed to repress transforming growth factor-β family signaling, indicating that the increased signaling causes arteriopathy in CARASIL. Therefore, HTRA1 represents another new gene to be considered in future studies of cerebral small-vessel diseases, as well as alopecia and degenerative vertebral/disk diseases.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Background and Aims There are currently no prospective, controlled trials of needle puncture speed in EUS-guided FNA (EUS-FNA). In this study, we prospectively evaluated the accuracy of histological ...diagnosis and the tissue acquisition rate of EUS-FNA by using the door-knocking method (DKM) with a standard 22-gauge needle. Methods From November 2013 to August 2014, 82 patients who had solid pancreatic masses underwent EUS-FNA in which the conventional method (CM) and DKM with 2 respective passes in turn were used. The primary outcomes of this study were the accuracy of histological diagnosis and the rates of tissue acquisition in 2 FNA procedures by using these 2 methods. Results Although the successful tissue acquisition rate for histology was not significantly different with the DKM and CM (91.5% vs 89.0%, P = .37), the high cellularity tissue acquisition rate for histology with the DKM was significantly superior to that with the CM (54.9% vs 41.5%, P = .03). However, adequate quality rate and accuracy were not different in the DKM and CM (78.0% vs 80.5%, P = .42 and 76.8% vs 78.0%, P = .50, respectively). In the transgastric puncture group, although the adequate quality rate and accuracy were similar in the DKM and CM (84.1% vs 79.4%, P = .30 and 84.1% vs 76.2%, P = .11, respectively), the tissue acquisition rate tended to be higher with the DKM than the CM (93.7% vs 85.7%, P = .06). Moreover, the high cellularity tissue acquisition rate was significantly better with the DKM than the CM (63.5% vs 39.7%, P = .002). On the other hand, in the transduodenal puncture group, although the tissue acquisition rate was similar with the DKM and CM (84.2% vs 100%, P = .13), the adequate quality rate and accuracy were significantly lower with the DKM than with the CM (57.9% vs 84.2%, P = .03 and 52.6% vs 84.2%, P = .02, respectively). Conclusion EUS-FNA by using a 22-gauge needle with the DKM did not improve the accuracy of histological diagnosis, but enabled acquisition of a larger amount of tissue specimen by using transgastric puncture. (Trial Registration: http://www.umin.ac.jp/english/: UMIN000012127 .)
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Background
The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is known to have a role in suicidal behaviors in patients with affective disorders. However, the incomplete overlapping of the genetic factors ...of suicidal behaviors and the genetic factors of affective disorders suggest that the genes associated with predisposition to suicidal behaviors and affective disorders are different. There is increasing evidence that genes regulating the HPA axis have effects on suicidal behaviors. To test this idea, we examined the association of three HPA axis-related genes (glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), mineralocorticoid receptors (NR3C2), and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5)) with suicide.
Methods
We selected 3 SNPs of the FKBP5 (rs3800373, rs1360780, rs2395635), 2 SNPs of the NR3C1 (rs6196, rs10052957), and 3 SNPs of the NR3C2 genes (rs5525, rs5522, rs2070951) based on their frequency in the Japanese population. Using Taqman probe assays, we determined these SNPs in 219 completed suicide victims and 228 age- and gender- matched healthy control subjects.
Results
No significant differences in genotypic distribution or allelic frequency of any single SNPs between the completed suicide and control groups were observed. The distributions of TT, TC, and GT haplotypes of the FKBP5 gene (comprised of rs3800373 and rs1360780) between the completed suicide and control groups were significantly different (p < 0.05 for each haplotype). The TC haplotype withstood correction for multiple comparisons (corrected p = 0.034).
Conclusion
Our results suggest that haplotypes in FKBP5 gene are associated with completed suicide. This finding needs to be confirmed using rigorous SNPs selection in a larger sample.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IMTLJ, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK
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