ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, represents the cutting-edge in its field with its latest model, GPT-4. Extensive research is currently being conducted in various domains, including cardiovascular ...diseases, using ChatGPT. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies addressing the proficiency of GPT-4 in diagnosing conditions based on Electrocardiography (ECG) data. The goal of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of GPT-4 when provided with ECG data, and to compare its performance with that of emergency medicine specialists and cardiologists.
This study has received approval from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Hitit University Medical Faculty on August 21, 2023 (decision no: 2023–91). Drawing on cases from the “150 ECG Cases” book, a total of 40 ECG cases were crafted into multiple-choice questions (comprising 20 everyday and 20 more challenging ECG questions). The participant pool included 12 emergency medicine specialists and 12 cardiology specialists. GPT-4 was administered the questions in a total of 12 separate sessions. The responses from the cardiology physicians, emergency medicine physicians, and GPT-4 were evaluated separately for each of the three groups.
In the everyday ECG questions, GPT-4 demonstrated superior performance compared to both the emergency medicine specialists and the cardiology specialists (p < 0.001, p = 0.001). In the more challenging ECG questions, while Chat-GPT outperformed the emergency medicine specialists (p < 0.001), no significant statistical difference was found between Chat-GPT and the cardiology specialists (p = 0.190). Upon examining the accuracy of the total ECG questions, Chat-GPT was found to be more successful compared to both the Emergency Medicine Specialists and the cardiologists (p < 0.001, p = 0.001).
Our study has shown that GPT-4 is more successful than emergency medicine specialists in evaluating both everyday and more challenging ECG questions. It performed better compared to cardiologists on everyday questions, but its performance aligned closely with that of the cardiologists as the difficulty of the questions increased.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The term Artificial Intelligence (AI) was first coined in the 1960s and has made significant progress up to the present day. During this period, numerous AI applications have been developed. GPT-4 ...and Gemini are two of the best-known of these AI models. As a triage system The Emergency Severity Index (ESI) is currently one of the most commonly used for effective patient triage in the emergency department. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of GPT-4, Gemini, and emergency medicine specialists in ESI triage against each other; furthermore, it aims to contribute to the literature on the usability of these AI programs in emergency department triage.
Our study was conducted between February 1, 2024, and February 29, 2024, among emergency medicine specialists in Turkey, as well as with GPT-4 and Gemini. Ten emergency medicine specialists were included in our study but as a limitation the emergency medicine specialists participating in the study do not frequently use the ESI triage model in daily practice. In the first phase of our study, 100 case examples related to adult or trauma patients were extracted from the sample and training cases found in the ESI Implementation Handbook. In the second phase of our study, the provided responses were categorized into three groups: correct triage, over-triage, and under-triage. In the third phase of our study, the questions were categorized according to the correct triage responses.
In the results of our study, a statistically significant difference was found between the three groups in terms of correct triage, over-triage, and under-triage (p < 0.001). GPT-4 was found to have the highest correct triage rate with an average of 70.60 (±3.74), while Gemini had the highest over-triage rate with an average of 35.2 (±2.93) (p < 0.001). The highest under-triage rate was observed in emergency medicine specialists (32.90 (±11.83)). In the ESI 1–2 class, Gemini had a correct triage rate of 87.77%, GPT-4 had 85.11%, and emergency medicine specialists had 49.33%.
In conclusion, our study shows that both GPT-4 and Gemini can accurately triage critical and urgent patients in ESI 1&2 groups at a high rate. Furthermore, GPT-4 has been more successful in ESI triage for all patients. These results suggest that GPT-4 and Gemini could assist in accurate ESI triage of patients in emergency departments.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the two sources, suggesting that ChatGPT-4 generated responses at an equal level with content produced directly by hospitals (Table ...1). According to AMA and NIH guidelines, patient education materials are recommended to be at a 6th-grade reading level or below 9,10. Source of answers Flesch Reading Ease Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Mean (± SD) P value Mean (± SD) P value AI 43,3 (± 4,24) 0,084 11,9 (± 1,13) 0,013 Non-AI 65,6 (±0,36) 7,13 (± 0,9) Table 2 Comparison of Reading Levels of Answers from AI and Non-AI (Hospital Websites).
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Kounis syndrome is defined as a coronary artery distortion due to hypersensitivity to various reasons such as drugs, environmental exposure, nutrients, coronary stents, etc. Diffuse alveolar ...hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition that clinically presents with hypoxemic respiratory distress, low hematocrit level, hemoptysis, and extensive pulmonary infiltration. Drugs involving pinaverium bromide as an active ingredient is frequently used for relieving gastrointestinal complaints. In this report, we present a case of a young female patient with Kounis syndrome accompanying diffuse alveolar hemorrhage admitted to our emergency department due to allergic reaction following Pinaverium Bromide intake.
Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and hematological parameters, and body mass index.
Material and Methods: It was carried out in the internal ...medicine outpatient clinic of Ayancık State Hospital between April 2017 and November 2020. Information about the sociodemographic and laboratory values of the patients was obtained from the hospital information system. The patients were divided into two groups as those with vitamin D levels below 20 ng/ml and those with over 30 ng/ml. Vitamin D levels and hematological parameters of all patients were examined.
Results: Of the 343 patients included in the study, 277 were women. When vitamin D levels were evaluated, vitamin D levels were significantly lower in women (82.7%; n:244) according to gender (p=0.023). When vitamin D levels are assessed according to age, It was observed that the vitamin D level of the patients included in the study, especially in the advanced age group, was low. There was no significant difference between vitamin D levels and body mass index (p=0.138). Age, MCV, MPV, HDL, Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus, Vitamin B-12, Vitamin D levels were found to be significantly higher in female patients with adequate vitamin D levels (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that there was a significant relationship between vitamin D levels, age, gender, platelet level, monocyte, MCV, neutrophil, protein, HDL, calcium, and vitamin B12 levels. Beside the treatment and clinical examinations, it is necessary to monitor and evaluate the vitamin D levels of the patients, as well as hematological, biochemical and endocrinological parameter changes.
Aims: To our knowledge, the performances of Emergency Medicine (EM) journals have not been investigated in terms of contribution to scientific literature. This study, Aimed to reveal the ...characteristics of EM journals and compare them in terms of their qualitative and quantitative features. Material and Methods: Conducteda hand-searching on the websites of 8 EM journals. Also categorized the articles published in these journals into subgroups in terms of relevance to trauma and disaster medicine, cardiovascular and cardiology emergencies, pulmonary emergencies, toxicology, COVID-19, surgical emergencies, internal medicine/gastroenterological emergencies, medical treatment and marker studies, resuscitation and airway management, infectious diseases, sedation and analgesia, imaging, neurological emergencies, forensic medicine, epidemiological and statistical studies, hospital and emergency department management, intensive care and mechanical ventilation, prehospital care, experimental studies, elective surgery and surgical complications. The journals were also compared according to their contribution to COVID-19 literature. Results: Among 8 journals, only Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg is indexed in SCI-E. The top 3 journals according to the number of published articles and citations were as follows: Ulus Travma (1792 articles, 7834 citations), EAJEM (784 articles, 822 citations) and TJEM (646 articles, 3146 citations). Mean citation per article was the highest in TJEM (n=4.87) followed by Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg (n=4.37) and EAJEM (n=1,05). Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg has the highest H index (n=25). Conclusion: Academic development of EM is strongly linked to the performance of EM journals. The quality, amount and number of grant-supported research should increase in EM.
Erkeklerin günlük hayatlarında sıkça kullandıkları spor ceketleri ve bu ceketlerin tarihsel sürecinin incelendiği bu araştırmada, hem tarihsel bilgi hem de farklı bakış açılarıyla günlük kullanımı ...rahatlatmaya yönelik yenilikçi erkek spor ceketlerin tasarımı yapılmıştır. Tez çalışmasında öncelikle erkek spor ceket kavramının doğuşu, sonrasında erkek beden tiplerinin tespit edilmesi ve son olarak da edinilen bilgiler derlenerek yeni bir erkek spor ceketi için kalıp denemeleri yapılmıştır. Bu kalıp denemeleri genel olarak modadan ziyade günlük kullanımı rahatlatmaya yönelik olsa da bir tasarım teması içersinde ele alınmış ve bu tema doğrultusunda tasarımlar şekillenmiştir. Tez çalışmasının son bölümünde elde edilen yeni spor ceket kalıbı ve bu kalıptan türetilmiş erkek spor ceket modellerine ait kalıplar ile bu kalıplardan üretilen ceketler yer almaktadır.
