In 1998, "The Community of the Future" was published by the Drucker Foundation, which was composed of Peter Drucker and 39 other world-class masters. This book collected a total of 28 articles ...regarding the concept of "future community." In the book, the Drucker Foundation conveys the idea of what the community of the future should be by constantly exploring the new rules of urban civilization. The book indicates that the community of the future is an ideal place for everyone. We struggle to get infinitely closer to the community of the future, and everything we do is about building the community of the future. The prophetic concepts in the book point out the direction for our community governance and guide us to keep working and innovating with a view to creating an ideal future community.
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is most likely one of the most successful surgical procedures in medicine. It is estimated that three in four patients live beyond the first post-operative year, so ...appropriate surgery is needed to alleviate an otherwise long-standing suboptimal functional level. However, research has shown that during a complete THA procedure, a solid hip implant inserted in the femur can damage the main arterial supply of the cortex and damage the medullary space, leading to cortical bone resorption. Therefore, this study aimed to design a porous hip implant with a focus on providing more space for better osteointegration, improving the medullary revascularisation and blood circulation of patients. Based on a review of the literature, a lightweight implant design was developed by applying topology optimisation and changing the materials of the implant. Gyroid and Voronoi lattice structures and a solid hip implant (as a control) were designed. In total, three designs of hip implants were constructed by using SolidWorks and nTopology software version 2.31. Point loads were applied at the x, y and z-axis to imitate the stance phase condition. The forces represented were x = 320 N, y = -170 N, and z = -2850 N. The materials that were used in this study were titanium alloys. All of the designs were then simulated by using Marc Mentat software version 2020 (MSC Software Corporation, Munich, Germany) via a finite element method. Analysis of the study on topology optimisation demonstrated that the Voronoi lattice structure yielded the lowest von Mises stress and displacement values, at 313.96 MPa and 1.50 mm, respectively, with titanium alloys as the materials. The results also indicate that porous hip implants have the potential to be implemented for hip implant replacement, whereby the mechanical integrity is still preserved. This result will not only help orthopaedic surgeons to justify the design choices, but could also provide new insights for future studies in biomechanics.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Hybrid materials have obtained well‐deserved attention for energy storage devices, because they show high capacitances and high energy densities induced by the synergistic effect between ...complementary components. Polyoxometalate‐based metal–organic frameworks (POMOFs) possess the abundant redox‐active sites and ordered structures of polyoxometalates (POMs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), respectively. Here, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) NENU‐5/PPy/60//FeMo/C was fabricated in which both its electrodes are prepared from POMOF precursors. A typical POMOF material, NENU‐5, was first connected with polypyrrole (PPy) through electrodeposition to form the cathode material NENU‐5/PPy. Another representative POMOFs material, PMo12@MIL‐100, was carbonized to obtain the anode material FeMo/C. Cathode NENU‐5/PPy exhibited an extraordinary capacitance of 508.62 F g−1 (areal capacitance: 2034.51 mF cm−2). In addition, anode FeMo/C shows excellent cyclic stability attributed to its unique structure. Finally, benefiting from the outstanding capacitances and structural merits of the anode and cathode, assembled asymmetric supercapacitor NENU‐5/PPy/60//FeMo/C achieves an energy density of 1.12 mWh cm−3 at a power density output of 27.78 mW cm−3, as well as a notable life of 10 000 cycles with an capacity retention of 80.62 %. Thus, the unique ASC is strongly competitive in high capacitance, long cycle life, and high energy‐required energy storage devices.
POM plus MOFs: Polyoxometalate‐based metal–organic frameworks (POMOFs) possess the abundant redox‐active sites and ordered structures of polyoxometalates (POMs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), respectively. Here, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) NENU‐5/PPy/60//FeMo/C was fabricated in which both its electrodes are prepared from POMOF precursors (see figure).
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper presents a differential microwave microfluidic sensor based on the microstrip complementary split-ring resonator (MCSRR) structure for liquid characterization. At the resonance, the ...electric field concentrates along the slot, where the microfluidic channel is located. As the liquid sample is injected, the corresponding reflection coefficient is changed, while the reference response is unaffected. The relative permittivity and loss tangent of the liquid can be extracted from the variations in the resonant frequency and quality factor. A prototype of the proposed sensor is fabricated and measured for functionality validation. The proposed sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 0.626% on average and is capable of suppressing unwanted environmental influences.
Knee osteoarthritis is a major diarthrodial joint disorder with profound global socioeconomic impact. Diagnostic imaging using magnetic resonance image can produce morphometric biomarkers to ...investigate the epidemiology of knee osteoarthritis in clinical trials, which is critical to attain early detection and develop effective regenerative treatment/therapy. With tremendous increase in image data size, manual segmentation as the standard practice becomes largely unsuitable. This review aims to provide an in-depth insight about a broad collection of classical and deep learning segmentation techniques used in knee osteoarthritis research. Specifically, this is the first review that covers both bone and cartilage segmentation models in recognition that knee osteoarthritis is a “whole joint” disease, as well as highlights on diagnostic values of deep learning in emerging knee osteoarthritis research. Besides, we have collected useful deep learning reviews to serve as source of reference to ease future development of deep learning models in this field. Lastly, we highlight on the diagnostic value of deep learning as key future computer-aided diagnosis applications to conclude this review.
Full text
Available for:
CEKLJ, EMUNI, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
This letter proposes a microwave planar sensor for the characterization of magnetodielectric materials. The sensor is designed by loading microstrip lines with complementary split-ring resonators ...(CSRRs). Two patches are connected to the microstrip lines to couple with the CSRRs, and a pair of 50-\Omega resistors are in series with the lines to provide a notch. The designed sensor can extract the permittivity and permeability of the magnetodielectric materials simultaneously. A prototype of the designed sensor is fabricated and measured for validation of characterizing the magnetodielectric materials.
Overweight and obese are risk factors for various diseases. In Taiwan, the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased dramatically. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study ...(GWAS) on four adiposity traits, including body-mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference (WC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR), using the data for more than 21,000 subjects in Taiwan Biobank. Associations were evaluated between 6,546,460 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and adiposity traits, yielding 13 genome-wide significant (GWS) adiposity-associated trait-loci pairs. A known gene, FTO, as well as two BF%-associated loci (GNPDA2-GABRG1 4p12 and RNU6-2-PIAS1 15q23) were identified as pleiotropic effects. Moreover, RALGAPA1 was found as a specific genetic predisposing factor to high BMI in a Taiwanese population. Compared to other populations, a slightly lower heritability of the four adiposity traits was found in our cohort. Surprisingly, we uncovered the importance of neural pathways that might influence BF%, WC and WHR in the Taiwanese (East Asian) population. Additionally, a moderate genetic correlation between the WHR and BMI (γg = 0.52; p = 2.37×10-9) was detected, suggesting different genetic determinants exist for abdominal adiposity and overall adiposity. In conclusion, the obesity-related genetic loci identified here provide new insights into the genetic underpinnings of adiposity in the Taiwanese population.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Batteries with conversion-type electrodes exhibit higher energy storage density but suffer much severer capacity fading than those with the intercalation-type electrodes. The capacity fading has been ...considered as the result of contact failure between the active material and the current collector, or the breakdown of solid electrolyte interphase layer. Here, using a combination of synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy and in situ transmission electron microscopy, we investigate the capacity fading issue of conversion-type materials by studying phase evolution of iron oxide composited structure during later-stage cycles, which is found completely different from its initial lithiation. The accumulative internal passivation phase and the surface layer over cycling enforce a rate-limiting diffusion barrier for the electron transport, which is responsible for the capacity degradation and poor rate capability. This work directly links the performance with the microscopic phase evolution in cycled electrode materials and provides insights into designing conversion-type electrode materials for applications.
Diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma or metastases rely heavily on accurate segmentation and classification of liver tumours. However, due to the liver tumor's hazy borders and wide ...range of possible shapes, sizes, and positions, accurate and automatic tumour segmentation and classification remains a difficult challenge. With the advancement of computing, new models in artificial intelligence have evolved. Following its success in Natural language processing (NLP), the transformer paradigm has been adopted by the computer vision (CV) community of the NLP. While there are already accepted approaches to classifying the liver, especially in clinical settings, there is room for advancement in terms of their precision. This paper makes an effort to apply a novel model for segmenting and classifying liver tumours built on deep learning. In order to accomplish this, the created model follows a three-stage procedure consisting of (a) pre-processing, (b) liver segmentation, and (c) classification. In the first phase, the collected Computed Tomography (CT) images undergo three stages of pre-processing, including contrast improvement via histogram equalization and noise reduction via the median filter. Next, an enhanced mask region-based convolutional neural networks (Mask R-CNN) model is used to separate the liver from the CT abdominal image. To prevent overfitting, the segmented picture is fed onto an Enhanced Swin Transformer Network with Adversarial Propagation (APESTNet). The experimental results prove the superior performance of the proposed perfect on a wide variety of CT images, as well as its efficiency and low sensitivity to noise.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
