Within the inventory era, urban shrinkage characterized by economic decline and space decay has been widely witnessed in China. The modes and trajectories of urban redevelopment have thus become ...areas of major concern for both policymakers and scholars. Taking the multi-actor participation nature of redevelopment, this paper stemming from the game-theoretical approach demonstrates in empirical terms on two major fronts. First, the redevelopment of industrial land without the transfer of land use right is shown to be deadlocked by the incapacitation of the original land-user and unlocked with the participation of the new developer. Second, the preference of the original land-user to maximize its interests by operating by itself rather than continue to cooperate with the new developer is observed in the post-redevelopment stage. Therein, the entrepreneurial local government acts only as a “mediator” between the two market entities and tends not to directly intervene in their cooperation. Thus that, it is the reasonable distribution of potential benefits or the pricing of different rights in the land property right bundle rather than their definition that matters more for land redevelopment. Because the delineation of land property rights has never been a problem in a mature land market, particularly for stock industrial land.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Ceramics are an important class of materials with widespread applications because of their high thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability. Computational predictions based on first principles ...methods can be a valuable tool in accelerating materials discovery to develop improved ceramics. It is essential to experimentally confirm the material properties of such predictions. However, materials screening rates are limited by the long processing times and the poor compositional control from volatile element loss in conventional ceramic sintering techniques. To overcome these limitations, we developed an ultrafast high-temperature sintering (UHS) process for the fabrication of ceramic materials by radiative heating under an inert atmosphere. We provide several examples of the UHS process to demonstrate its potential utility and applications, including advancements in solid-state electrolytes, multicomponent structures, and high-throughput materials screening.
The stability of single-atom catalysts is critical for their practical applications. Although a high temperature can promote the bond formation between metal atoms and the substrate with an enhanced ...stability, it often causes atom agglomeration and is incompatible with many temperature-sensitive substrates. Here, we report using controllable high-temperature shockwaves to synthesize and stabilize single atoms at very high temperatures (1,500-2,000 K), achieved by a periodic on-off heating that features a short on state (55 ms) and a ten-times longer off state. The high temperature provides the activation energy for atom dispersion by forming thermodynamically favourable metal-defect bonds and the off-state critically ensures the overall stability, especially for the substrate. The resultant high-temperature single atoms exhibit a superior thermal stability as durable catalysts. The reported shockwave method is facile, ultrafast and universal (for example, Pt, Ru and Co single atoms, and carbon, C
N
and TiO
substrates), which opens a general route for single-atom manufacturing that is conventionally challenging.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Mixing multimetallic elements in hollow‐structured nanoparticles is a promising strategy for the synthesis of highly efficient and cost‐effective catalysts. However, the synthesis of multimetallic ...hollow nanoparticles is limited to two or three elements due to the difficulties in morphology control under the harsh alloying conditions. Herein, the rapid and continuous synthesis of hollow high‐entropy‐alloy (HEA) nanoparticles using a continuous “droplet‐to‐particle” method is reported. The formation of these hollow HEA nanoparticles is enabled through the decomposition of a gas‐blowing agent in which a large amount of gas is produced in situ to “puff” the droplet during heating, followed by decomposition of the metal salt precursors and nucleation/growth of multimetallic particles. The high active sites per mass ratio of such hollow HEA nanoparticles makes them promising candidates for energy and electrocatalysis applications. As a proof‐of‐concept, it is demonstrated that these materials can be applied as the cathode catalyst for Li–O2 battery operations with a record‐high current density per catalyst mass loading of 2000 mA gcat.−1, as well as good stability and durable catalytic activity. This work offers a viable strategy for the continuous manufacturing of hollow HEA nanomaterials that can find broad applications in energy and catalysis.
The rapid and continuous synthesis of hollow high‐entropy‐alloy (HEA) nanoparticles by a “droplet‐to‐particle” nanomanufacturing method is reported. The formation of hollow HEA nanoparticles is enabled by the introduction of a blowing agent. The high active sites per mass ratio of such hollow HEA nanoparticles makes them promising candidates for electrocatalysis.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Transparent wood is considered a promising structural and light management material for energy-efficient engineering applications. However, the solution-based delignification process that is used to ...fabricate transparent wood generally consumes large amounts of chemicals and energy. Here, we report a method to produce optically transparent wood by modifying the wood's lignin structure using a solar-assisted chemical brushing approach. This method preserves most of the lignin to act as a binder, providing a robust wood scaffold for polymer infiltration while greatly reducing the chemical and energy consumption as well as processing time. The obtained transparent wood (~1 mm in thickness) demonstrates a high transmittance (>90%), high haze (>60%), and excellent light-guiding effect over visible wavelength. Furthermore, we can achieve diverse patterns directly on wood surfaces using this approach, which endows transparent wood with excellent patternability. Combining its efficient, patternable, and scalable production, this transparent wood is a promising candidate for applications in energy-efficient buildings.
(
) is a keystone periodontal pathogen associated with various digestive cancers. However, whether
can promote colorectal cancer and the underlying mechanism associated with such promotion remains ...unclear. In this study, we found that
was enriched in human feces and tissue samples from patients with colorectal cancer compared with those from patients with colorectal adenoma or healthy subjects. Cohort studies demonstrated that
infection was associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.
increased tumor counts and tumor volume in the
mouse model and increased tumor growth in orthotopic rectal and subcutaneous carcinoma models. Furthermore, orthotopic tumors from mice exposed to
exhibited tumor-infiltrating myeloid cell recruitment and a proinflammatory signature.
promoted colorectal cancer via NLRP3 inflammasome activation
and
. NLRP3 chimeric mice harboring orthotopic tumors showed that the effect of NLRP3 on
pathogenesis was mediated by hematopoietic sources. Collectively, these data suggest that
contributes to colorectal cancer neoplasia progression by activating the hematopoietic NLRP3 inflammasome. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that the periodontal pathogen
can promote colorectal tumorigenesis by recruiting myeloid cells and creating a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/10/2745/F1.large.jpg.
China has rapidly expanded economically and spatially in recent years; the booming construction industry necessary to support this growth has significantly impacted the country’s ecological future. ...This study was conducted to determine the ecological stress of construction lands in terms of quantity and spatial locations under the landscape ecology concepts of “Quantity-Oriented Ecological Stress” (QOES) and “Location-Oriented Ecological Stress” (LOES). We first provide a brief introduction of the study area (Southern Jiangsu, Eastern China) followed by a discussion of the methodology and data processing techniques applied. We next examine the spatial heterogeneity of ecological suitability (ES) from the perspective of ecological process analysis and divide Southern Jiangsu into five ecological zones with different ES levels. We then classify construction lands based on their spatial distribution in different ecological zones. We calculated county-level LOES and compared it against QOES; we also discuss our research contributions and policy implications in regard to the spatial allocation of construction lands. The locations of construction lands are of significance to ecological safety, and location effects correspond to the spatial heterogeneity of regional ecosystems. A location-oriented evaluation more objectively reflects the ecological stress of construction lands expansion than a quantity-oriented evaluation. Optimizing land development practices serves not only to control the quantity of construction lands but also the construction lands concession and ecological restoration in areas with high ES.
Multimetallic nanoclusters (MMNCs) offer unique and tailorable surface chemistries that hold great potential for numerous catalytic applications. The efficient exploration of this vast chemical space ...necessitates an accelerated discovery pipeline that supersedes traditional “trial-and-error” experimentation while guaranteeing uniform microstructures despite compositional complexity. Herein, we report the high-throughput synthesis of an extensive series of ultrafine and homogeneous alloy MMNCs, achieved by 1) a flexible compositional design by formulation in the precursor solution phase and 2) the ultrafast synthesis of alloy MMNCs using thermal shock heating (i.e., ∼1,650 K, ∼500 ms). This approach is remarkably facile and easily accessible compared to conventional vapor-phase deposition, and the particle size and structural uniformity enable comparative studies across compositionally different MMNCs. Rapid electrochemical screening is demonstrated by using a scanning droplet cell, enabling us to discover two promising electrocatalysts, which we subsequently validated using a rotating disk setup. This demonstrated high-throughput material discovery pipeline presents a paradigm for facile and accelerated exploration of MMNCs for a broad range of applications.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
High‐entropy nanoparticles have received notable attention due to their tunable properties and broad material space. However, these nanoparticles are not suitable for certain applications (e.g., ...battery electrodes), where their microparticle (submicron to micron) counterparts are more preferred. Conventional methods used for synthesizing high‐entropy nanoparticles often involve various ultrafast shock processes. To increase the size thereby achieving high‐entropy microparticles, longer reaction time (e.g., heating duration) is usually used, which may also lead to undesired particle overgrowth or even densified microstructures. In this work, an approach based on Joule heating for synthesizing high‐entropy oxide (HEO) microparticles with uniform elemental distribution is reported. In particular, two key synthesis conditions are identified to achieve high‐quality HEO microparticles: 1) the precursors need to be loosely packed to avoid densification; 2) the heating time needs to be accurately controlled to tens of seconds instead of using milliseconds (thermal shock) that leads to nanoparticles or longer heating duration that forms bulk structures. The utility of the synthesized HEO microparticles for a range of applications, including high‐performance Li‐ion battery anode and water oxidation catalyst. This study opens up a new door toward synthesizing high‐entropy microparticles with high quality and broad material space.
A high‐temperature rapid heating approach for the synthesis of high‐entropy oxide (HEO) microparticles with uniform elemental distribution and a variety of compositions is reported. With a simple Joule‐heated carbon‐based reactor, the authors are able to obtain HEO microparticles by using a high temperature of ≈1500 K and accurately adjusting the heating time to tens of seconds.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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