It is known the deleterious effects of diabetes on embryos, but the effects of diabetes on placenta and its mitochondria are still not well known. In this work we generated a mild hyperglycemia model ...in female wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in 48 hours-old rats. The sexual maturity onset of the female rats was delayed around 6-7 weeks and at 16 weeks-old they were mated, and sacrificed at day 19th of pregnancy. In placental total tissue and isolated mitochondria, the fatty acids composition was analyzed by gas chromatography, and lipoperoxidation was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Membrane fluidity in mitochondria was measured with the excimer forming probe dipyrenylpropane and mitochondrial function was measured with a Clark-type electrode. The results show that even a chronic mild hyperglycemia increases lipoperoxidation and decreases mitochondrial function in placenta. Simultaneously, placental fatty acids metabolism in total tissue is modified but in a different way than in placental mitochondria. Whereas the chronic mild hyperglycemia induced a decrease in unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio (U/S) in placental total tissue, the ratio increased in placental mitochondria. The measurements of membrane fluidity showed that fluidity of placenta mitochondrial membranes increased with hyperglycemia, showing consistency with the fatty acids composition through the U/S index. The thermotropic characteristics of mitochondrial membranes were changed, showing lower transition temperature and activation energies. All of these data together demonstrate that even a chronic mild hyperglycemia during pregnancy of early reproductive Wistar rats, generates an increment of lipoperoxidation, an increase of placental mitochondrial membrane fluidity apparently derived from changes in fatty acids composition and consequently, mitochondrial malfunction.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Review of natural products with hepatoprotective effects Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar Isela álvarez-González María Teresa Sumaya-Martínez José Gutiérrez-Salinas Mirandeli Bautista ángel Morales-González Manuel García-Luna y González-Rubio J Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal José A Morales-González
World journal of gastroenterology : WJG,
10/2014, Volume:
20, Issue:
40
Journal Article
Open access
The liver is one of the most important organs in the body,performing a fundamental role in the regulationof diverse processes,among which the metabolism,secretion,storage,and detoxification of ...endogenous and exogenous substances are prominent.Due to these functions,hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health,and they remain problems throughout the world.Despite enormous advances in modern medicine,there are no completely effective drugs that stimulate hepatic function,that offer complete protection of the organ,or that help to regenerate hepatic cells.Thus,it is necessary to identify pharmaceutical alternatives for the treatment of liver diseases,with the aim of these alternatives being more effective and less toxic.The use of some plants and the consumption of different fruits have played basic roles in human health care,and diverse scientific investigations have indicated that,in those plants and fruits so identified,their beneficial effects can be attributed to the presence of chemical compounds that are called phytochemicals.The present review had as its objective the collecting of data based on research conducted into some fruits(grapefruit,cranberries,and grapes)and plantscactus pear(nopal)and cactus pear fruit,chamomile,silymarin,and spirulina,which are consumed frequently by humans and which have demonstrated hepatoprotective capacity,as well as an analysis of a resin(propolis)and some phytochemicals extracted from fruits,plants,yeasts,and algae,which have been evaluated in different models of hepatotoxicity.
At the present time, scientists place a great deal of effort worldwide trying to improve the therapeutic potential of metal complexes of curcumin and curcuminoids. Herein, the synthesis of four ...homoleptic metal complexes with diacetylcurcumin (DAC), using a ligand designed to prevent the interaction of phenolic groups, rendering metal complexes through the β-diketone functionality, is reported. Due to their physiological relevance, we used bivalent magnesium, zinc, copper, and manganese for complexation with DAC. The resulting products were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR), liquid and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), magnetic moment, mass spectrometry (MS), single crystal, and powder X-ray diffraction (SCXRD and PXRD). Crystallization was achieved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or
dimethylformamide (DMF) as triclinic systems with space group P-1, showing the metal bound to the β-diketone function, while the
H-NMR confirmed the preference of the enolic form of the ligand. Single crystal data demonstrated a 1:2 metal:ligand ratio. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation was evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay (TBARS). All four metal complexes (Mg, Zn, Cu, and Mn) exhibited good antioxidant effect (IC
= 2.03 ± 0.27, 1.58 ± 0.07, 1.58 ± 0.15 and 1.24 ± 0.10 μM respectively) compared with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and α-tocopherol. The cytotoxic activity in human cancer cell lines against colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-15), mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and lung adenocarcinoma (SKLU-1) was found comparable ((DAC)
Mg), or ca. 2-fold higher ((DAC)
Zn) than cisplatin. The acute toxicity assays indicate class 5 toxicity, according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines at doses of 3 g/kg for all complexes. No mortality or changes in the behavior of animals in any of the treated groups was observed. A therapeutic potential can be envisaged from the relevant cytotoxic activity upon human cancer cell lines in vitro and the undetected in vivo acute toxicity of these compounds.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
El presente libro tiene como objetivo ayudar a los jóvenes profesionales a entender los conceptos básicos acerca de cómo planificar y llevar a cabo campañas de comunicación en entornos digitales. Con ...este objetivo, recorre las áreas más básicas de la comunicación en línea, explicando de forma muy sencilla y práctica el uso profesional de las estrategias SEO, SEM o de relaciones públicas 2.0. El enfoque principal de esta obra es la aplicación práctica, de ahí que se incluya una gran variedad de ejercicios y casos de estudio. La base del libro está formada por el marco de la gestión y la planificación estratégica como eje central de la actividad de un especialista, ya sea en publicidad o relaciones públicas y marketing digital. Teniendo en cuenta la variedad de tendencias y necesidades del mercado, no nos olvidamos tampoco de hablar de conceptos como el marketing de influencers o la analítica web.
We evaluated in this randomised, double-blind clinical trial the efficacy of melatonin as a prophylactic treatment for prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers at high risk of ...SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Healthcare workers fulfilling inclusion criteria were recruited in five hospitals in Spain and were randomised 1:1 to receive melatonin 2 mg administered orally for 12 weeks or placebo. The main outcome was the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections. A total of 344 volunteers were screened, and 314 were randomised: 151 to placebo and 163 to melatonin; 308 received the study treatment (148 placebo; 160 melatonin). We detected 13 SARS-CoV-2 infections, 2.6% in the placebo arm and 5.5% in the melatonin arm (
= 0.200). A total of 294 adverse events were detected in 127 participants (139 in placebo; 155 in melatonin). We found a statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events related to treatment: 43 in the placebo arm and 67 in the melatonin arm (
= 0.040), and in the number of participants suffering from somnolence related to treatment: 8.8% (
= 14) in the melatonin versus 1.4% (
= 2) in the placebo arm (
= 0.008). No severe adverse events related to treatment were reported. We cannot confirm our hypothesis that administration of melatonin prevents the development of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers.
La profilaxis pre-exposición (PrEP) frente al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es una medida preventiva eficaz y segura. Sin embargo, no se ha alcanzado a todos los usuarios objetivo que ...podrían beneficiarse de la misma.
El objetivo del estudio fue conocer las características basales sociodemográficas, clínicas y conductuales de las personas al iniciar la PrEP. Como objetivo secundario, se describió el uso de medicación concomitante y el consumo de drogas.
Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo de las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y conductuales de los usuarios que se incluyeron en el programa de PrEP de la Comunidad de Madrid durante los 2 primeros años de experiencia.
Se incluyeron 2.256 usuarios en PrEP, el 99,0% hombres, con una edad media de 36,9 años (DE: 8,68). El 33,1% presentó alguna infección de transmisión sexual (ITS) en la primera visita, destacando las clamidiasis y gonococias rectales. El 70,4% refirió consumir drogas asociadas al sexo, y el 42,4% participó en sesiones de chemsex en los últimos 3 meses. Se observó un alto porcentaje de usuarios con medicación concomitante (37,6%), destacando fármacos relacionados con salud mental y alopecia.
Se requiere un abordaje multidisciplinar para cubrir todas las necesidades de los usuarios de PrEP, incluyendo al abordaje clínico medidas de evaluación de salud mental y tratamiento de adicciones.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an effective and safe preventive measure. However, it has not reached all target users who could benefit from it.
The study aimed to understand the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral baseline characteristics of PrEP users. As a secondary objective, the use of concomitant medication and drug consumption were described.
Observational, retrospective and descriptive study of the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics of the users who were included in the PrEP program of the Community of Madrid during the first two years of experience.
Two thousand two hundred fifty-six PrEP users were included, 99.0% men, with a mean age of 36.9 years (SD: 8.68). 33.1% presented a sexually transmitted infection (STI) on the first visit, highlighting chlamydiasis and rectal gonococci. 70.4% reported using drugs associated with sex, and 42.4% participated in chemsex sessions in the last 3 months. A high percentage of users with concomitant medication was observed (37.6%), highlighting drugs related to mental health and alopecia.
A multidisciplinary approach is required to cover all the needs of PrEP users, including mental health evaluation measures and addiction treatment with the clinical approach.
Antecedentes: los tratamientos psicológicos han mostrado su eficacia, efectividad y eficiencia para el abordaje de los trastornos mentales; no obstante, considerando el conocimiento científico ...generado en los últimos años, no se dispone de trabajos de actualización en español sobre cuáles son los tratamientos psicológicos con respaldo empírico. El objetivo fue realizar una revisión selectiva de los principales tratamientos psicológicos empíricamente apoyados para el abordaje de trastornos mentales en personas adultas. Método: se recogen niveles de evidencia y grados de recomendación en función de los criterios propuestos por el Sistema Nacional de Salud de España (en las Guías de Práctica Clínica) para diferentes trastornos psicológicos. Resultados: los resultados sugieren que los tratamientos psicológicos disponen de apoyo empírico para el abordaje de un amplio elenco de trastornos psicológicos. El grado de apoyo empírico oscila de bajo a alto en función del trastorno psicológico analizado. La revisión sugiere que ciertos campos de intervención necesitan una mayor investigación. Conclusiones: a partir de esta revisión selectiva, los profesionales de la psicología podrán disponer de información rigurosa y actualizada que les permita tomar decisiones informadas a la hora de implementar aquellos procedimientos psicoterapéuticos empíricamente fundamentados en función de las características de las personas que demandan ayuda.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Technology and corporate entrepreneurship constitute an important source of competitive advantage for organizations, as they enable the development and exploitation of new opportunities. This study ...proposes a model to analyze the effects of top management support for technology on the promotion of technological skills, absorptive capacity, and technological distinctive competencies. The research also considers the impact of technological skills and absorptive capacity on the development of technological distinctive competencies, analyzing the influence of these variables on organizational performance through corporate entrepreneurship. The study tests these relationships empirically using 160 European technology firms. The paper ends with discussion of the findings and provides several theoretical and practical implications for future research.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Background
Poor adherence to clinical practice guidelines for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been described and the diagnostic delay of the disease continues to be unacceptable in many settings.
...Objective
To analyze the impact of improved knowledge provided by the successive international clinical practice guidelines on reducing diagnostic delay and improving the diagnostic process for European patients with EoE.
Methods
Cross‐sectional analysis of the EoE CONNECT registry based on clinical practice. Time periods defined by the publication dates of four major sets of guidelines over 10 years were considered. Patients were grouped per time period according to date of symptom onset.
Results
Data from 1,132 patients was analyzed and median (IQR) diagnostic delay in the whole series was 2.1 (0.7‐6.2) years. This gradually decreased over time with subsequent release of new guidelines (p < 0.001), from 12.7 years up to 2007 to 0.7 years after 2017. The proportion of patients with stricturing of mixed phenotypes at the point of EoE diagnosis also decreased over time (41.3% vs. 16%; p < 0.001), as did EREFS scores. The fibrotic sub‐score decreased from a median (IQR) of 2 (1‐2) to 0 (0‐1) when patients whose symptoms started up to 2007 and after 2017 were compared (p < 0.001). In parallel, symptoms measured with the Dysphagia Symptoms Score reduced significantly when patients with symptoms starting before 2007 and after 2012 were compared. A reduction in the number of endoscopies patients underwent before the one that achieved an EoE diagnosis, and the use of allergy testing as part of the diagnostic workout of EoE, also reduced significantly over time (p = 0.010 and p < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion
The diagnostic work‐up of EoE patients improved substantially over time at the European sites contributing to EoE CONNECT, with a dramatic reduction in diagnostic delay.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
