We present a detailed upgrade design of the analog front-end electronics for the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) at the sLHC. Here we use the latest commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. We ...believe that with the latest technology based COTS devices, significant improvements in radiation tolerance are possible. The front-end analog electronics provides 17-bit dynamic range for readout of the PMT signals. Each PMT signal is processed with a 7-pole passive LC shaper, followed by a pair of bi-gain amplifiers and two 40 Msps sampling ADCs. The readout system is capable of measuring energy deposition from ~ 220 MeV to 1.3 TeV in a single calorimeter cell and providing input to a fully digital Level-1 trigger. Other on-board features include a slow current integrator used for detector calibration with a cesium source to normalize the PMT gains and charge injectors for calibrating linearity and dynamic range of the readout electronics. A total of ~ 10, 000 upgraded readout channels are needed to replace the current system at the LHC.
The DIRC particle identification system for the BaBar experiment Aleksan, R.; Amerman, L.; Aston, D. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
02/2005, Volume:
538, Issue:
1-3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A new type of ring-imaging Cherenkov detector is being used for hadronic particle identification in the BABAR experiment at the SLAC B Factory (PEP-II). This detector is called DIRC, an acronym for ...Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov (Light). This paper will discuss the construction, operation and performance of the BABAR DIRC in detail.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
A computer simulation study has been conducted to investigate the feasibility of a positron emission tomography (PET) detector design by using micro-channel plate (MCP) photomultiplier tubes (PMT) ...with transmission-line (TL) readout and waveform sampling. The detector unit consisted of a 24×24 array of pixelated LSO crystals, each of which was 4×4×25
mm
3 in size, and two 102×102
mm
2 MCP-PMTs coupled to both sides of the scintillator array. The crystal (and TL) pitch was 4.25
mm and reflective medium was inserted between the crystals. The transport of the optical photons inside the scintillator were simulated by using the Geant4 package. The output pulses of the MCP-PMT/TL unit were formed by applying the measured single photo-electron response of the MCP-PMT/TL unit to each individual photon that interacts with the photo-cathode of the MCP-PMT. The waveforms of the pulses at both ends of the TL strips were measured and analyzed to produce energy and timing information for the detected event. An experimental setup was developed by employing a Photonis Planacon MCP-PMT (XP85022) and a prototype TL board for measuring the single photo-electron response of the MCP-PMT/TL. The simulation was validated by comparing the predicted output pulses to measurements obtained with a single MCP-PMT/TL coupled to an LSO crystal exposed to 511
keV gamma rays. The validated simulation was then used to investigate the performance of the proposed new detector design. Our simulation result indicates an energy resolution of
∼
11
%
at 511
keV. When using a 400–600
keV energy window, we obtain a coincidence timing resolution of
∼
323
ps
FWHM and a coincidence detection efficiency of
∼
40
%
for normally incident 511
keV photons. For the positioning accuracy, it is determined by the pitch of the TLs (and crystals) in the direction normal to the TLs and measured to be
∼
2.5
mm
in the direction parallel to the TLs. The energy and timing obtained at the front- and back-end of the scintillator array also show differences that are correlated with the depth of interaction of the event.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
We present the design, implementation and data taking performance of the MIcrowave Detection of Air Showers (MIDAS) experiment, a large field of view imaging telescope designed to detect microwave ...radiation from extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. This novel technique may bring a tenfold increase in detector duty cycle when compared to the standard fluorescence technique based on detection of ultraviolet photons. The MIDAS telescope consists of a 4.5m diameter dish with a 53-pixel receiver camera, instrumented with feed horns operating in the commercial extended C-Band (3.4–4.2GHz). A self-trigger capability is implemented in the digital electronics. The main objectives of this first prototype of the MIDAS telescope – to validate the telescope design, and to demonstrate a large detector duty cycle – were successfully accomplished in a dedicated data taking run at the University of Chicago campus prior to installation at the Pierre Auger Observatory.
•The MIDAS objective is to detect ultra high energy cosmic rays using microwaves.•GHz radiation could provide a powerful alternative to current detection methods.•The MIDAS prototype explores the potential of the microwave technique.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The measurement of time-of-flight (TOF) of relativistic particles in high-energy colliders with picosecond resolution would qualitatively change the ability to identify underlying parton-level ...processes at future colliders or upgrades of existing detectors. We have measured the timing properties of three micro-channel plate photo-multiplier tubes (MCPPMTs) from Photonis; one with 1024 anodes and the other two with 64 anodes. The 1024-anode 10-micron pore tube uses a charge-collection scheme at the anode to provide equal arrival time of the signal independent of the hit position of incident light on the face of the tube. The two 64-anode 25-micron pore tubes have a commercially available collection scheme and were used to find a limit on the timing resolution. We have performed these measurements using a newly assembled test-stand based on a Hamamatsu PLP-10 picosecond laser and a commercial CAMAC readout electronics system. We present these results and compare timing properties to earlier versions of the charge collection scheme.
RF strip-line anodes for Psec large-area MCP-based photodetectors Grabas, Hervé; Obaid, Razib; Oberla, Eric ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
2013, Volume:
711
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
We have designed and tested economical large-area RF strip-line anodes made by silk-screening silver onto inexpensive plate glass, for use in microchannel plate photodetectors to provide measurements ...of time, position, integrated charge, and pulse waveform shapes. The 229-mm-long anodes are modular, and can be attached in series for economy in electronics channel-count. Measurements of the anode impedance, bandwidth and cross-talk due to inter-strip coupling are presented. The analog bandwidth, a key determinant of timing resolution, decreases from 1.6GHz to 0.4GHz as the anode length increases from 289mm to 916mm.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
A four-channel custom chip designed for reading out the CCDs of the proposed SNAP satellite visible imager is presented. Each channel consists of a single-ended to differential converter followed by ...a correlated double sampler and a novel multislope integrator. The output signal is differentially brought out of the chip by an output buffer. This circuit is designed to operate at room temperature for test purpose and at 140 K, which will be the operating temperature. The readout speed is 100 kHz. The 16-bit dynamic range is covered using 3 gains each with a 12-bit signal to noise ratio. The prototype chip, implemented in a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, has a measured readout noise of 7 /spl mu/V rms at 100 kHz readout speed, a measured nonlinearity of /spl plusmn/0.0025% and a power consumption of 6.5 mW, with a 3.3 V supply voltage.
The OMEGAPIX2 chip embeds a matrix of channels implemented in two vertically integrated (3D) circuits and designed to read out a matrix of 96×24 plannar pixels. The form factor of each pixel is ...35×200 μm. The first 3D devices's layer includes the analogue part of the channel processing, it will be bounded to the sensor by connecting the channel inputs and the sensors pixels by the Through Silicon Vias (TSV); the other layer performs the digital memorization of each events and manages the sorting of good events after the Level 1 (L1) trigger acquisition. In this paper, the 3D technology is briefly described, some design considerations are discussed and some typical simulations are shown. The circuit has been submitted in October 2011 and is waited to be received in December 2012.
The existing three-level ATLAS trigger system is deployed to reduce the event rate from the bunch crossing rate of 40 MHz to ~ 200 Hz for permanent storage at the LHC design luminosity of 1034 cm−2 ...s−1. When the LHC exceeds the design luminosity, the load on the Level-2 trigger system will significantly increase due both to the need for more sophisticated algorithms to suppress background and the larger event sizes. The Fast Tracker is a proposed upgrade to the current ATLAS trigger system that will operate at the full Level-1 accepted rate of 100 kHz and provide high quality tracks at the beginning of processing in the Level-2 trigger, by performing track reconstruction in hardware with massive parallelism of associative memories. The concept design is being advanced and justified with the performance in important physics areas, b-tagging, τ-tagging and lepton isolation. The prototyping with current technology is underway and R&D with new technologies has been started.
Final results on a CMOS 0.18 µm front-end chip for silicon strips readout are summarized and preliminary results on time measurement are discussed. The status of the next version in 0.13 µm is ...briefly presented.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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