Steps Toward Justice Genovesi, Vincent J
America (New York, N.Y. : 1909),
09/2008, Volume:
199, Issue:
7
Magazine Article
Today our prime educational objective must be to form men and women for others; men and women who will live not for themselves but for God and his Christ-for the God-man who lived and died for all ...the world; men and women who cannot even conceive of love of God which does not include love for the least of their neighbors; men and women completely convinced that the love of God which does not issue in justice for men and women is a farce. It guarantees that people have what they deserve-like nourishing food, suitable clothing, decent housing, access to standard medical care and employment that offers fair wages and safe working conditions-simply because they are human beings.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
AS SUPERIOR GENERAL of the Jesuits, Pedro Arrupe said he hoped graduates of Jesuit schools would become "men and women for others." But most students and graduates of Jesuit schools have never heard ...the full context in which he used this phrase.
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Medulloblastoma (MB) is a malignant tumour of the cerebellum which can be classified into four major subgroups based on gene expression and genomic features. Single-cell transcriptome studies have ...defined the cellular states underlying each MB subgroup; however, the spatial organisation of these diverse cell states and how this impacts response to therapy remains to be determined.
Here, we used spatially resolved transcriptomics to define the cellular diversity within a sonic hedgehog (SHH) patient-derived model of MB and show that cells specific to a transcriptional state or spatial location are pivotal for CDK4/6 inhibitor, Palbociclib, treatment response. We integrated spatial gene expression with histological annotation and single-cell gene expression data from MB, developing an analysis strategy to spatially map cell type responses within the hybrid system of human and mouse cells and their interface within an intact brain tumour section.
We distinguish neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells within tumours and from the surrounding cerebellar tissue, further refining pathological annotation. We identify a regional response to Palbociclib, with reduced proliferation and induced neuronal differentiation in both treated tumours. Additionally, we resolve at a cellular resolution a distinct tumour interface where the tumour contacts neighbouring mouse brain tissue consisting of abundant astrocytes and microglia and continues to proliferate despite Palbociclib treatment.
Our data highlight the power of using spatial transcriptomics to characterise the response of a tumour to a targeted therapy and provide further insights into the molecular and cellular basis underlying the response and resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in SHH MB.
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Our ability to predict invasions has been hindered by the seemingly idiosyncratic context-dependency of individual invasions. However, we argue that robust and useful generalisations in invasion ...science can be made by considering “invasion syndromes” which we define as “a combination of pathways, alien species traits, and characteristics of the recipient ecosystem which collectively result in predictable dynamics and impacts, and that can be managed effectively using specific policy and management actions”. We describe this approach and outline examples that highlight its utility, including: cacti with clonal fragmentation in arid ecosystems; small aquatic organisms introduced through ballast water in harbours; large ranid frogs with frequent secondary transfers; piscivorous freshwater fishes in connected aquatic ecosystems; plant invasions in high-elevation areas; tall-statured grasses; and tree-feeding insects in forests with suitable hosts. We propose a systematic method for identifying and delimiting invasion syndromes. We argue that invasion syndromes can account for the context-dependency of biological invasions while incorporating insights from comparative studies. Adopting this approach will help to structure thinking, identify transferrable risk assessment and management lessons, and highlight similarities among events that were previously considered disparate invasion phenomena.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Abstract
Islands are global hotspots for biodiversity and extinction, representing ~ 5% of Earth’s land area alongside 40% of globally threatened vertebrates and 61% of global extinctions since the ...1500s. Invasive species are the primary driver of native biodiversity loss on islands, though eradication of invasive species from islands has been effective at halting or reversing these trends. A global compendium of this conservation tool is essential for scaling best-practices and enabling innovations to maximize biodiversity outcomes. Here, we synthesize over 100 years of invasive vertebrate eradications from islands, comprising 1550 eradication attempts on 998 islands, with an 88% success rate. We show a significant growth in eradication activity since the 1980s, primarily driven by rodent eradications. The annual number of eradications on islands peaked in the mid-2000s, but the annual area treated continues to rise dramatically. This trend reflects increases in removal efficacy and project complexity, generating increased conservation gains. Our synthesis demonstrates the collective contribution of national interventions towards global biodiversity outcomes. Further investment in invasive vertebrate eradications from islands will expand biodiversity conservation while strengthening biodiversity resilience to climate change and creating co-benefits for human societies.
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