In recent years, the management and operation of micro-grids are considered by many advanced societies with regard to the development of scattered energy resources. The main goals that are paid ...attention in micro-grid management are the operation cost and pollution rate, which the aggregation of such contradictory goals in an optimization problem can provide an appropriate response to the management of the micro-grid. In this paper, the MOPSO method has been used for management and optimal distribution of energy resources in proposed micro-grid. On the other hand, the problem was analyzed with the NSGA-II algorithm to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•A cost-emission model as energy hub system is investigated for industrial consumer.•Heat and power hub model is proposed to supply power and heat demands.•Compromise programming is proposed to solve ...model and obtain Pareto solutions.•The trade-off solution is selected by fuzzy decision making approach.•Peak load management is proposed in order to reduce cost and emission.
In addition to economic issue, an emission issue should also be considered in the operation of an industrial consumer in order to reduce greenhouse gases like NO2, SO2 and CO2 to the atmosphere. Also, multi-carrier energy hub system can be used to supply heat and power demand by an industrial consumer. Therefore, this paper proposes a conflict bi-objective model for cost-emission based operation of industrial consumer in the presence of peak load management. Compromise programming is proposed to solve the proposed bi-objective model in order to obtain the Pareto solutions. Furthermore, fuzzy decision making approach is provided to select the trade-off solution from the Pareto solutions. Finally, peak load management is employed to flat the load profile in order to reduce the operation cost and emission. The proposed model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program which is solved by using CPLEX solver in the GAMS optimization software. Two case studies have been used and obtained results are compared to validate the performance of proposed model.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
•Optimal scheduling of electrical power consumption in multi-chiller system is studied.•Robust optimization approach is proposed for uncertainty modeling of cooling demand.•Robust scheduling of ...electrical power consumption in multi-chiller system is obtained.•Robust optimization based results are compared with deterministic method.
Optimization of electrical power consumption in multi-chiller system leads to save more energy in building or industrial locations. Also, this optimization problem is one of the most important issues in multi-chiller system. Furthermore, uncertainty modeling of cooling demand is necessary because of variation in cooling demand should be considered. Therefore, this work proposes a robust optimization approach for uncertainty modeling of cooling demand in order to obtain robust chiller loading in the uncertain environment which cooling demand is supplied by multi-chiller system. Minimizing of electrical power consumption in multi-chiller system is considered as objective function. The proposed robust scheduling of multi-chiller system is modeled as non-linear programming which is solved via CONOPT solver under General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) optimization software. The proposed optimization model is studied in the deterministic and robust optimization strategies and obtained results are compared with each other. Also, the effects of changes in the robust control parameter are analyzed on optimal chiller loading which decision maker can select the decision without risk as risk-neutral strategy via deterministic method or the most robust decision as risk-averse strategy via robust optimization approach. Comparison results show that capability of proposed approach in the uncertain environment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources puts power system operators in different conditions in terms of maintaining the system reliability. Microgrids (MGs) can provide an effective solution ...for the problems of grid-connected renewable energy sources due to their tuning capability and flexibility. In this study, a stochastic optimization strategy was proposed for participating in energy market operations considering demand response (DR). The results indicated the operating cost decreased when the MG implemented DR programs. Also, DR program could shift energy consumption from on- to off-peak hours and flatten the load curve. Therefore, a scheduling model was presented for the operation of energy carriers and reserves considering security constraints of power and natural gas grids in interconnected hubs as well as responsive load participation using the developed water wave optimization (WWO) algorithm. The objective function of this model aimed to minimize the operating cost of sources to supply electrical and thermal loads applied to the proposed MG. WWO is a meta-heuristic algorithm inspired by the behavior of water waves. The waves formed on the sea surface have complex, but interesting, relationships that can be used to solve optimization problems. In this algorithm, each problem solution is encoded as a water wave and undergoes changes in the problem search space based on three behaviors of propagation, refraction, and decay of water waves or problem solutions. The simplicity of the structure of this method, elitism and the ability to escape from local points due to the existence of different search operators and the mutation of generations have led to the use of this method. The results indicated a decline in operating costs through electrical and thermal responsive load participation and thermal energy storage system. Results of the proposed model revealed a correlation between the electricity price and natural gas consumption, indicating multi-carrier energy grids should be examined and optimized simultaneously.
•A model is proposed for scheduling the operation of interconnected hubs in the MG•The proposed MG includes renewable resources, fossil fuels, batteries, energy hubs, CHP & etc.•The effect of electrical and thermal responsive loads to reduce operating cost is presented.•Safety indicators of power grid are included in the constraints of the proposed model
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•In this paper a new prediction model is proposed for price forecast.•Presenting an improved stochastic algorithm for optimization.•Presenting a new feature selection based on MGR, MR.•Application of ...multi-stage forecast engine consists of ANN, SVM and RBFNN.•Improving the proposed fusion algorithm based on modified ordered weighted average.
This work proposes different prediction models based on multi-block forecast engine for load and price forecast in electricity market. Due to high correlation of load and price signals, the density of this reaction can affect the demand curve and shift it in market. Furthermore, to improve the operation and planning improvement in the power system, an accurate prediction model can play an important role. So, in this paper, a complex prediction approach is presented based on feature selection, and multi-stage forecast engine. The forecast engine is comprised of multi-block neural network (NN) and optimized by an intelligent algorithm to increase the training mechanism and forecasting abilities. Moreover, different models of multi-block forecast engine are presented in this paper to choose the effective model. In other words, different combinations of NN are tested in the same prediction condition to show their abilities. The proposed model is tested over real-world engineering test cases through comparison with other prediction methods. Obtained results demonstrate the validity of the proposed model.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In the restructured power market, the participation of large consumer in the market is a challenging issue due to their considerable load demand. To provide the required load of the large consumers ...with the lowest possible cost, appropriate strategies should be taken by the operator of the large consumer. In this paper, in order to get optimal offering and bidding strategies for a large industrial consumer, a new mathematical model is proposed. The uncertainties of load demand, power market prices, solar radiation, temperature and wind speed are taken into account in the proposed model by using hybrid robust-stochastic approach. The load uncertainty is modeled using robust optimization approach while the other uncertainties are modeled using the stochastic approach. A linear model with integer variables is developed to derive offering and bidding curves, which are robust against the uncertainty associated with the load demand of the large consumer. Obtained results show that the higher amount of uncertain parameter is considered, the higher procurement price has resulted for the large consumer. Although, the higher paid price, the higher robustness against load uncertainty has resulted. In addition, total power procurement cost of the large consumer without considering load uncertainty, obtained as $40,060 while this amount is increased to $50,560 in order to be robust against load uncertainty.
•Energy procurement problem of large industrial consumer is studied.•Optimal bidding and offering strategies of large industrial consumer are obtained.•A hybrid robust-stochastic approach is proposed to obtain optimal bidding and offering strategies.•Uncertainty arising from load is modeled via robust optimization approach.•Uncertainties arising from market price and renewable energy resources are modeled with stochastic approach.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract
The construction of hybrid power plants with renewable resources can bring significant economic benefits if it is evaluated economically and technically. The present study uses a novel ...optimum methodology for designing a combined solar/battery/diesel system in Yarkant, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. In the desired system, the green energy combined system is designed to reduce the use of diesel generators. The diesel generator has been used in the photovoltaic, diesel, and battery to support green energy resources and batteries, as well as function as a backup generator for critical times whenever the production of green energy resources is low or the load demand is high. The amount of CO2 emitted, the probability of load shortage and the system cost on yearly basis are the major goals in the process of optimization. Here, the single‐objective problem is created by using the ε‐constraint technique to combine the many objectives. An improved Henry gas solubility optimizer handles the problem of optimization. To demonstrate the superiority of the strategy, a comparison is conducted between the simulation outcomes of the offered system, HOMER, and particle swarm optimizer ‐based optimum systems from the literature. The sensitivity of each parameter is also examined using sensitivity analysis.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
To achieve low‐carbon sustainable energy development, new technologies such as Internet of Energy (IoE), intelligent systems and Internet of Things (IoT) as well as distributed energy generations via ...smart grids (SG) are gaining attention. The interoperability between intelligent energy systems, realised through the web, enables automatic consumption optimisation and increases network efficiency and intelligent management. IoE is an intriguing topic in close connection with the IoT, communication systems, SG and electrical mobility that contributes to energy efficiency to achieve zero‐carbon technologies and green environments. Furthermore, nowadays, the widespread growth and utilisation of processors for mining digital currency in homes and small warehouses are some other factors to be considered in terms of electric energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission. However, research on the use of the Internet for evaluating the misallocation of energy and the effect it can have on CO2 emissions is often neglected. In this study, the authors present a detailed overview regarding the evolution of SG in conjunction with the employment of IoE systems as well as the essential components of IoE for decarbonisation. Also, mathematical models with simulation are provided to evaluate the role of IoE in reducing CO2 emission.
In this study, we present a detailed overview regarding the evolution of smart grids towards modern Internet energy systems. We present the essential components of Internet of Energy (IoE) for decarbonisation in the future of energy sector. Also, some models and equations are provided to evaluate the effects of IoE and the misallocation of energy on CO2 in different regions.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study, a new non-isolated high voltage gains dc/dc converter using coupled inductor and voltage multiplier techniques (diode/capacitor) is presented. The voltage gain will be increased by ...increasing the turns ratio (N) and the number of stages of the VM units. The proposed converter capable to more increase the output voltage gains with transfer energy which is stored in coupled inductance. Also, the voltage multiplier unit causes to further increase in the output voltage level of the proposed converter. Besides, the nominal value of the semiconductors is low due to these are clamped to the capacitors available on the voltage multiplier units. The normalized voltage stress across the semiconductors is low which this case is compared in the comparison section. Therefore, the power loss of switch can be reduced by using a switch with a lower rating (lower R DS(on) ) and power diodes with the low nominal rating. As a result, the overall efficiency of the proposed converter will be high. To confirm the benefits of working in this paper, comparison results for different items with other works are provided in section 4. The principle of operation, the theoretical analysis and the experimental results of a laboratory prototype for N(N2/N1) = 2 and n = 2 stage in about 260W with operating at 40kHz are provided.
Using blockchain technology as one of the new methods to enhance the cyber and physical security of power systems has grown in importance over the past few years. Blockchain can also be used to ...improve social welfare and provide sustainable energy for consumers. In this article, the effect of distributed generation (DG) resources on the transmission power lines and consequently fixing its conjunction and reaching the optimal goals and policies of this issue to exploit these resources is investigated. In order to evaluate the system security level, a false data injection attack (FDIA) is launched on the information exchanged between independent system operation (ISO) and under-operating agents. The results are analyzed based on the cyber-attack, wherein the loss of network stability as well as economic losses to the operator would be the outcomes. It is demonstrated that cyber-attacks can cause the operation of distributed production resources to not be carried out correctly and the network conjunction will fall to a large extent; with the elimination of social welfare, the main goals and policies of an independent system operator as an upstream entity are not fulfilled. Besides, the contracts between independent system operators with distributed production resources are not properly closed. In order to stop malicious attacks, a secured policy architecture based on blockchain is developed to keep the security of the data exchanged between ISO and under-operating agents. The obtained results of the simulation confirm the effectiveness of using blockchain to enhance the social welfare for power system users. Besides, it is demonstrated that ISO can modify its polices and use the potential and benefits of distributed generation units to increase social welfare and reduce line density by concluding contracts in accordance with the production values given.
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