A
bstract
We propose a method to determine the trilinear Higgs self coupling that is alternative to the direct measurement of Higgs pair production total cross sections and differential ...distributions. The method relies on the effects that electroweak loops featuring an anomalous trilinear coupling would imprint on single Higgs production at the LHC. We first calculate these contributions to all the phenomenologically relevant Higgs production (
gg
F, VBF,
WH
,
ZH
,
t
t
¯
H
) and decay
γ
γ
,
W
W
∗
/
Z
Z
∗
→
4
f
,
b
b
¯
,
τ
τ
modes at the LHC and then estimate the sensitivity to the trilinear coupling via a one-parameter fit to the single Higgs measurements at the LHC 8 TeV. We find that the bounds on the self coupling are already competitive with those from Higgs pair production and will be further improved in the current and next LHC runs.
The Drell-Yan process is a copious source of lepton pairs at high energy and is measured with great precision at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Barring any new light particles, beyond the Standard ...Model effects can be studied in Drell-Yan production using an effective field theory. At tree level, new 4-fermion interactions dominate, while at one loop operators modifying 3-gauge boson couplings contribute effects that are enhanced at high energy. We study the sensitivity of the neutral Drell-Yan process to these dimension-6 operators and compare the sensitivity to that of W+W− pair production at the LHC.
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We calculate the complete one-loop electroweak corrections to the inclusive H→ZZ and H→Zγ decays in the dimension-6 extension of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). The corrections to ...H→ZZ are computed for on-shell Z bosons and are a precursor to the physical H→Zff¯ calculation. We present compact numerical formulas for our results and demonstrate that the logarithmic contributions that result from the renormalization group evolution of the SMEFT coefficients are larger than the finite next-to-leading-order contributions to the decay widths. As a byproduct of our calculation, we obtain the first complete result for the finite corrections to Gμ in the SMEFT.
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Higgs decays to gauge boson pairs are a crucial ingredient in the study of Higgs properties, with the decay H→γγ being particularly sensitive to new physics effects. Assuming all potential new ...physics occurs at energies far above the weak scale, deviations from standard model predictions can be parametrized in terms of the coefficients of a standard model effective field theory (SMEFT). When experimental limits on the SMEFT coefficients reach an accuracy of a few percent, predictions must be done beyond the lowest order in the SMEFT in order to match theory and experimental accuracy. This paper completes a program of computing the one-loop electroweak SMEFT corrections to H→VV′, V=W±, Z, γ. The calculation of the real contribution to H→W+W−γ is performed by mapping two-loop amplitudes to the three-body phase space.
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A
bstract
We present the constraints on the trilinear Higgs self coupling that arise from loop effects in the
W
boson mass and the effective sine predictions. We compute the contributions to these ...precision observables of two-loop diagrams featuring an anomalous trilinear Higgs self coupling. We explicitly show that the same anomalous contributions are found if the analysis of
m
W
and sin
2
θ
eff
lep
is performed in a theory in which the scalar potential in the Standard Model Lagrangian is modified by an (in)finite tower of (Φ
†
Φ)
n
terms with Φ the Higgs doublet. We find that the bounds on the trilinear Higgs self coupling from precision observables are competitive with those coming from Higgs pair production.
Higgs decays to gauge boson pairs are a crucial ingredient in the study of Higgs properties, with the decay H → γγ being particularly sensitive to new physics effects. Assuming all potential new ...physics occurs at energies far above the weak scale, deviations from standard model predictions can be parametrized in terms of the coefficients of a standard model effective field theory (SMEFT). When experimental limits on the SMEFT coefficients reach an accuracy of a few percent, predictions must be done beyond the lowest order in the SMEFT in order to match theory and experimental accuracy. This paper completes a program of computing the one-loop electroweak SMEFT corrections to H → VV', V = W+, Z, γ. The calculation of the real contribution to H → W+W-γ is performed by mapping two-loop amplitudes to the three-body phase space.
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The PRISMA satellite mission launched on March 22nd, 2019 is one of the latest spaceborne imaging spectroscopy mission for Earth Observation. The PRISMA satellite comprises a high-spectral resolution ...VNIR-SWIR imaging spectrometer and a panchromatic camera. In summer 2019, first operations during the commissioning phase were mainly devoted to acquisitions in specific areas for evaluating instrument functioning, in-flight performance, and mission data product accuracy. A field and airborne campaign was carried out over an agriculture area in Italy to collect in-situ multi-source spectroscopy measurements at different scales simultaneously with PRISMA. The spectral, radiometric and spatial performance of PRISMA Level 1 Top-Of-Atmosphere radiance (LTOA) product were analyzed. The in-situ surface reflectance measurements over different landcovers were propagated to LTOA using MODTRAN5 radiative transfer simulations and compared with satellite observations. Overall, this work offers a first quantitative evaluation about the PRISMA mission performance and imaging spectroscopy LTOA data product consistency. Our results show that the spectral smile is less than 5 nm, the average spectral resolution is 13 nm and 11 nm (VNIR and SWIR respectively) and it varies ±2 nm across track. The radiometric comparison between PRISMA and field/airborne spectroscopy shows a difference lower than 5% for NIR and SWIR, whereas it is included in the 2–7% range in the VIS. The estimated instrument signal to noise ratio (SNR) is ≈400–500 in the NIR and part of the SWIR (<1300 nm), lower SNR values were found at shorter (<700 nm) and longer wavelengths (>1600 nm). The VNIR-to-SWIR spatial co-registration error is below 8 m and the spatial resolution is 37.11 m and 38.38 m for VNIR and SWIR respectively. The results are in-line with the expectations and mission requirements and indicate that acquired images are suitable for further scientific applications. However, this first assessment is based on data from a rural area and this cannot be fully exhaustive. Further studies are needed to confirm the performance for other land cover types like snow, inland and coastal waters, deserts or urban areas.
•The PRISMA mission is successfully operating and collecting data after the launch.•In-situ simultaneous field/airborne spectroscopy data were compared to PRISMA.•PRISMA spectral resolution is 13–11 nm (VNIR-SWIR), smile is lower of 5 nm.•A radiometric difference of 2–7% was observed between PRISMA and in-situ data.•VNIR-to-SWIR spatial co-registration error is lower of 8 m.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract
The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) is one of the four focal plane instruments on the James Webb Space Telescope. In this paper, we summarize the in-orbit performance of NIRSpec, as ...derived from data collected during its commissioning campaign and the first few months of nominal science operations. More specifically, we discuss the performance of some critical hardware components such as the two NIRSpec Hawaii-2RG detectors, wheel mechanisms, and the microshutter array. We also summarize the accuracy of the two target acquisition procedures used to accurately place science targets into the slit apertures, discuss the current status of the spectrophotometric and wavelength calibration of NIRSpec spectra, and provide the “as measured” sensitivity in all NIRSpec science modes. Finally, we point out a few important considerations for the preparation of NIRSpec science programs.
Abstract Introduction AHSG, a serum glycoprotein with recognized anti-calcification activity, has also been suggested to modulate both bone formation and resorption. Though the bulk of AHSG is mostly ...synthesized in the liver, it has been claimed that also bone cells might produce it. However, the extent of the bone AHSG production and the potential controlling factors remain to be definitively proven. A relevant number of studies support the notion that FGF23, a bone-derived hormone, not only regulates the most important mineral metabolism (MM) related factors (phosphate, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, etc.), but might be also involved in cardiovascular (CV) outcome, both in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and in the general population. Furthermore, in addition to some direct autocrine and paracrine effects in bone, FGF23 has been suggested to interact with AHSG. In this study we investigated if AHSG is really produced by bone cells, and if its bone production is related and/or controlled by FGF23, using cultured bone cells, according to a new method recently published by our group. Results Our data show that AHSG is consistently produced in osteocytes and to a far lesser extent in osteoblasts. Both FGF23 addition to the culture medium and its over-expression in osteocytes were associated with a consistent increase of both AHSG mRNA and protein, while FGF23 silencing was followed by opposite effects. Though most of these results were largely affected by the blockage of FGF23 receptors, the role of these receptors in the different experimental sets is still not completely clarified. In addition, we found that FGF23 and AHSG proteins co-localized both in cytoplasm and nucleus, which suggests a possible reciprocal interactivity. Conclusions Our data not only confirm that AHSG is produced in bone, mainly in osteocytes, but show for the first time that its production is modulated by FGF23. Since both proteins play important roles in the bone and cardiovascular pathology, these results add new pieces to the puzzling relationship between bone and vascular pathology, in particular in CKD patients, prompting future investigations in this field.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
We provide an overview of the design and capabilities of the near-infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) onboard the
James Webb
Space Telescope. NIRSpec is designed to be capable of carrying out ...low-resolution (
R
= 30−330) prism spectroscopy over the wavelength range 0.6–5.3 μm and higher resolution (
R
= 500−1340 or
R
= 1320−3600) grating spectroscopy over 0.7–5.2 μm, both in single-object mode employing any one of five fixed slits, or a 3.1 × 3.2 arcsec
2
integral field unit, or in multiobject mode employing a novel programmable micro-shutter device covering a 3.6 × 3.4 arcmin
2
field of view. The all-reflective optical chain of NIRSpec and the performance of its different components are described, and some of the trade-offs made in designing the instrument are touched upon. The faint-end spectrophotometric sensitivity expected of NIRSpec, as well as its dependency on the energetic particle environment that its two detector arrays are likely to be subjected to in orbit are also discussed.
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