The Chandra X-ray Observatory is the X-ray component of NASA's Great Observatory Program which includes the recently launched Spitzer Infrared Telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) for ...observations in the visible, and the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) which, after providing years of useful data has reentered the atmosphere. All these facilities provide, or provided, scientific data to the international astronomical community in response to peer-reviewed proposals for their use. The Chandra X-ray Observatory was the result of the efforts of many academic, commercial, and government organizations primarily in the United States but also in Europe. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) manages the Project and provides Project Science; Northrop Grumman Space Technology (NGST -- formerly TRW) served as prime contractor responsible for providing the spacecraft, the telescope, and assembling and testing the Observatory; and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) provides technical support and is responsible for ground operations including the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC). Telescope and instrument teams at SAO, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the Pennsylvania State University (PSU), the Space Research Institute of the Netherlands (SRON), the Max-Planck Institut fur extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), and the University of Kiel also provide technical support to the Chandra Project. We present here a detailed description of the hardware, its on-orbit performance, and a brief overview of some of the remarkable discoveries that illustrate that performance.
A case of metastatic breast carcinoma presenting as fatal fulminant hepatic failure is presented. The patient did not have previously diagnosed breast cancer and presented with ascites, Jaundice, ...abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and hepatic encephalopathy. She died within four weeks of the onset. Seven similar cases previously reported are reviewed. Metastatic carcinoma should he considered in the differential diagnosis of fulminant hepatic failure.
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas are abnormal arteriovenous connections on the surface of the dura. They are supplied by branches of intercostal, lumbar, vertebral, middle sacral, or subclavian ...arteries and rarely by branches of the internal iliac arteries. We present four cases of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas supplied exclusively by branches of the internal iliac artery in which the clinical and magnetic resonance presentation were not suggestive of this unusual supply. In our experience, internal iliac artery supply was observed in 12.5% of cases of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. We recommend that selective internal iliac arteriography be included in the angiographic evaluation of patients suspected of having a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
We present a case of a posterior inferior cerebellar artery pseudoaneurysm with subarachnoid hemorrhage resulting from a transoral head and neck tumor biopsy. The pseudoaneurysm was managed using ...transcatheter coil embolization.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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Popular summary Lambert, M. G.; Clark, D. A.; Grant, D. A. ...
New Zealand journal of agricultural research,
19/1/1/, Volume:
29, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Allograft rejection remains the single largest impediment to success in the field of transplantation. While OKT3 therapy has proven to be a significant advancement, many grafts are still lost. Late ...treatment, subtherapeutic OKT3 levels, anti-OKT3 antibodies, and OKT3-induced class II antigen expression are possible explanations. To determine the mechanism of OKT3 resistant rejection we propagated and characterized infiltrating T cells from the biopsy of a liver transplant patient who was rejecting while on prophylactic OKT3. The T lymphocytes demonstrated allospecific proliferation and interleukin 2 (IL2) production and showed a high degree of cytolysis of donor splenocytes. CD3 epsilon monoclonal antibodies (Mab) in concentrations up to 100 micrograms/ml did not inhibit lysis. In contrast, T lymphocytes derived from rejecting allografts of patients receiving cyclosporine and prednisone were readily inhibited from killing by CD3 epsilon Mab at doses of 1 microgram/ml. Furthermore, allospecific proliferation and IL2 production were not inhibited in the OKT3-treated patient by the addition of CD3 epsilon MaB. Incomplete modulation of the CD3-TCR complex was noted after a 72-hr incubation with CD3 epsilon Mab. The T cells did demonstrate other intact CD3-mediated functions such as a rise in intracellular calcium and CD3-dependent cytotoxicity. These results should alert clinicians that CD3 resistant cytotoxic T cells can emerge during OKT3 therapy and may cause rejection. Immunotherapy that targets additional cell surface structures may be of benefit.
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