Antigen‐mediated activation of mast cells results in Ca2+‐dependent exocytosis of preformed mediators of the inflammatory response. To investigate the role of secretory vesicle motility in this ...response, we have performed time‐lapse confocal microscopy on RBL‐2H3 cells transfected with a green fluorescent protein‐Fas ligand fusion protein (GFP‐FasL). Green fluorescent protein‐labeled vesicles exhibit rapid, bidirectional movement in both resting and activated cells and can be localized adjacent to microtubules. Colchicine treatment inhibits the motility of secretory vesicles as measured by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Colchicine also inhibits both the extent and the rate of exocytosis triggered by receptor activation or by Ca2+ ionophore, demonstrating that microtubule‐dependent movement of secretory vesicles plays an important role in the exocytic response.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To investigate how age affects peripheral refraction we measured objective peripheral refraction for 55 young subjects (24
±
4 years) and 41 older subjects (59
±
3 years) out to 35° eccentricity in ...temporal and nasal visual fields. Subjects were compared in 1
D subgroups based on central spherical equivalent refractions (low hypermetropes +0.54
D to +1.51
D, emmetropes +0.50
D to −0.49
D, low myopes −0.50
D to −1.49
D, moderate myopes −1.50
D to −2.58
D). Overall, young and older subjects with similar refractive corrections had similar peripheral refraction components. Both age groups showed relative hypermetropic shifts in the peripheral fields as myopia increased and also decreases in peripheral astigmatism
J
180 as myopia increased.
J
45 varied little across the visual field with linear relationships occurring between
J
45 and visual field angle for all but one subgroup (older emmetropes). Peripheral refraction in emmetropes to moderate myopes is relatively unaffected by age for healthy eyes of similar refractive errors.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this 12-week randomized trial comparing two biologic agents known to be effective for psoriasis, ustekinumab (an interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 blocker) was more effective than etanercept (an ...inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor α). Adverse events associated with the two treatments were similar, but the trial was not large enough and follow-up was not long enough to assess uncommon adverse events.
In this 12-week randomized trial comparing two biologic agents known to be effective for psoriasis, ustekinumab (an interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 blocker) was more effective than etanercept (an inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor α).
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 2% of the world's population.
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,
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Therapeutic agents used for the management of psoriasis commonly target the underlying inflammation. Immunosuppressive agents such as methotrexate and cyclosporine have proved effective in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Biologic agents that selectively block steps in the inflammatory cascade have provided additional therapies for psoriasis and have led to a better understanding of its immunologic and pathophysiological basis.
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–
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Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) play a central role in the inflammation underlying psoriasis. Agents that selectively block TNF-α have proved highly effective . . .
A group of laboratories engaged in marine monitoring has undertaken a study of the comparability of sediment digestion techniques in current use. Samples of two sediments were supplied to each ...participating laboratory. These were digested using the participants' routine digestion techniques and the digests returned for analysis at a central location (to eliminate interlaboratory analytical effects). The comparability of the different digestion techniques, including various strong acid and hydrofluoric acid digestions, is presented.
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IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Abstract
Background
In Canada, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing faster among those <10 years (y) of age than in any other age group. Understanding the health services ...burden of IBD in this population is important for health system planning.
Purpose
To compare healthcare utilization and risk of surgery among children diagnosed with IBD across age groups defined by the Paris Classification (A1a: <10y; A1b: 10 to <16y) across 5 Canadian provinces.
Method
Children diagnosed with IBD <16 years of age were identified from health administrative data using validated algorithms in Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Québec. Negative binomial regression models were used to compare (1) the pre-diagnosis frequency of health services utilization (outpatient, emergency department (ED), and hospitalization) using diagnostic codes suggestive of future IBD and (2) the annual post-diagnosis frequency of IBD-specific and IBD-related (signs, symptoms, and extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD) visits among children diagnosed <10y (A1a) and 10 to <16y (A1b). Cox proportional hazard models compared the risk of surgery (identified with validated procedure codes) across age groups. All regression models were adjusted for sex, rural/urban residence, and mean neighbourhood income quintile. Province-specific event counts (all ages combined) and models (comparing age groups; reference: A1b 10 to <16y) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.
Result(s)
Among 5124 children with IBD (1165 23% were <10y at diagnosis), the mean number of pre-diagnosis healthcare encounters was 1.0 (95% CI 0.38 to 1.68, I2=99.6%). The mean annual post-diagnosis number of IBD-specific outpatient visits was 3.2 (95% CI 1.9-4.4, I2=99.6%); hospitalizations, 0.19 (95% CI 0.17-0.21, I2=74%); ED visits, 0.17 (95% CI 0.19-0.39, I2=99%). The mean annual post-diagnosis number of IBD-related outpatient visits was 3.9 (95% CI 2.3-5.5, I2=99.7%); hospitalizations, 0.21 (95% CI 0.19-0.23, I2=79%); ED visits, 0.29 (95% CI 0.19-0.39, I2=97%). Intestinal resection or colectomy within 5y of diagnosis occurred in 13% (95%CI 8-22, I2=93%) with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 16% (95% CI 14-18, I2=40%) with ulcerative colitis. IBD-specific ED visits (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50-0.97, I2=80) and the risk of intestinal resection in CD (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26-0.92, I2=40%) were significantly lower among children diagnosed <10y. There were no age-related differences in pre-diagnosis health services utilization or other post-diagnosis outcomes, including frequency of outpatient visits to a gastroenterologist.
Conclusion(s)
Health services utilization was generally similar for children diagnosed with IBD at <10y and between 10 and <16y, except for lower rates of IBD-specific ED visits and intestinal resection in children with CD. Further exploration of between-province differences, represented by the high statistical heterogeneity (I2) in the meta-analyses, is needed to understand sources of variation in care.
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CCC
Disclosure of Interest
E. Kuenzig: None Declared, H. Singh Consultant of: Amgen Canada, Bristol-Myers Squibb Canada, Sandoz Canada, Roche Canada, Takeda Canada and Guardant Health, A. Bitton: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Consultant of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, Sandoz, Pendophram, and Takeda, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, Sandoz, Pendophram, and Takeda, M. Carroll: None Declared, A. Otley Grant / Research support from: Research support: AbbVie Global. Research site: AbbVie, Pfizer, Eli-Lily, Janssen, Consultant of: AbbVie Canada, T. Stukel: None Declared, S. Spruin: None Declared, A. Griffiths Grant / Research support from: Abbvie, Consultant of: Abbvie, Amgen, BristolMyersSquibb, Janssen, Lilly, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Abbvie, Janssen, Takeda, D. Mack: None Declared, K. Jacobson Grant / Research support from: Abbvie Canada and Janssen Canada, Consultant of: Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Merck Canada and Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Speakers bureau of: Abbvie Canada and Janssen Canada, G. Nguyen: None Declared, L. Targownik Grant / Research support from: Janssen Canada, Consultant of: AbbVie Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda Canada, Merck Canada, Pfizer Canada, Janssen Canada, and Roche Canada, W. El-Matary Consultant of: Abbvie and MERCK, Speakers bureau of: Abbvie and MERCK, E. Benchimol Consultant of: McKesson Canada, Dairy Farmers of Ontario (unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease)
Collagen-induced arthritis in the DBA/1 mouse is an experimental model of human rheumatoid arthritis. To examine the role of leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of this disease, we have developed ...embryonic stem (ES) cells from this mouse strain. Here, we report that DBA/1 mice made deficient in 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) by gene targeting in ES cells develop and grow normally. Zymosan-stimulated leukotriene production in the peritoneal cavity of these mice is undetectable, whereas they produce substantial amounts of prostaglandins. The inflammatory response to zymosan is reduced in FLAP-deficient mice. The severity of collagen-induced arthritis in the FLAP-deficient mice was substantially reduced when compared with wild-type or heterozygous animals. This was not due to an immunosuppressive effect, because anti-collagen antibody levels were similar in wild-type and FLAP-deficient mice. These data demonstrate that leukotrienes play an essential role in both the acute and chronic inflammatory response in mice.
The biological section "The Importance of G. Gamow's Ideas for Biology of the 21st Century" was held on 23 August 2023 in online mode via Zoom application. A total of 44 participants from Ukraine, ...Germany, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Poland, USA, Canada, Argentina and Kazakhstan took part in the event.
The cause of Ménétrier's disease is unknown, although allergic, autoimmune, and infectious, particularly viral, causes have been postulated. This case report describes a 3-year-old child with ...Ménétrier's disease in whom evidence of acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was found. To our knowledge, this is the first case with evidence of acute infection, indicated by the presence of CMV-specific immunoglobulin M antibody in the acute serum as well as a seroconversion to CMV. CMV was also found in a gastric mucosal biopsy specimen using monoclonal antibodies to the early antigen of CMV.
Wi-Fi technology has strong potentials in indoor and outdoor sensing applications, it has several important features which makes it an appealing option compared to other sensing technologies. This ...paper presents a survey on different applications of Wi-Fi based sensing systems such as elderly people monitoring, activity classification, gesture recognition, people counting, through the wall sensing, behind the corner sensing, and many other applications. The challenges and interesting future directions are also highlighted.
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