Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation is one of the new therapeutic strategies for treating ischemic stroke. However, the poor survival rate of transplanted BMSCs in ...ischemic tissue limits the therapeutic efficacy of this approach. Oxidative stress is a major mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of brain ischemia and has a negative impact on the survival of transplanted BMSCs. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has been reported to possess potent antioxidant activity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of TMP pretreatment on BMSCs survival of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis in vitro and to elucidate the potential antiapoptotic mechanisms of TMP pretreatment on BMSCs. BMSCs were pretreated with TMP (10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µmol/L) for 24 h and then exposed to 500 µmol/L of H2O2 for 24 h. We found that TMP pretreatment significantly increased cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, the protective effects of TMP were related to increased Bcl-2 expression, attenuated Bax expression, and enhanced levels of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and extracellular regulated protein kinases1/2 (p-ERK1/2). Further studies found that these beneficial effects of TMP were significantly blocked by wortmannin (an inhibitor of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)) or PD98059 (an inhibitor of ERK1/2). In conclusion, our results confirm that TMP protects BMSCs against H2O2-induced apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, suggesting that TMP may be used in combination with BMSCs to improve cell survival for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
To address the problem of detecting malicious codes in malware and extracting the corresponding evidences in mobile devices, we construct a consortium blockchain framework, which is composed of a ...detecting consortium chain shared by test members and a public chain shared by users. Specifically, in view of different malware families in Android-based system, we perform feature modeling by utilizing statistical analysis method, so as to extract malware family features, including software package feature, permission and application feature, and function call feature. Moreover, for reducing false-positive rate and improving the detecting ability of malware variants, we design a multi-feature detection method of Android-based system for detecting and classifying malware. In addition, we establish a fact-base of distributed Android malicious codes by blockchain technology. The experimental results show that, compared with the previously published algorithms, the new proposed method can achieve higher detection accuracy in limited time with lower false-positive and false-negative rates.
A colorimetric analysis platform has been successfully developed based on FeCo-NC dual-atom nanozyme (FeCo-NC DAzyme) for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). The FeCo-NC DAzyme ...exhibited exceptional oxidase-like activity (OXD), enabling the catalysis of colorless TMB to form blue oxidized TMB (oxTMB) without the need for H
2
O
2
involvement. By combining acid phosphatase (ACP) hydrolase with FeCo-NC DAzyme, a “FeCo-NC DAzyme + TMB + ACP + SAP” colorimetric system was constructed, which facilitated the rapid detection of malathion. The chromogenic system was applied to detect malathion using a smartphone-based app and an auxiliary imaging interferogram device for colorimetric measurements, which have a linear range of 0.05–4.0 µM and a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 15 nM in real samples, comparable to UV-Vis and HPLC-DAD detection methods. Overall, these findings present a novel approach for convenient, rapid, and on-site monitoring of OPPs.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The acute thermal response has been extensively studied in commercial chickens because of the adverse effects of heat stress on poultry production worldwide. Here, we performed whole-genome ...resequencing of autochthonous Niya chicken breed native to the Taklimakan Desert region as well as of 11 native chicken breeds that are widely distributed and reared under native humid and temperate areas. We used combined statistical analysis to search for putative genes that might be related to the adaptation of hot arid and harsh environment in Niya chickens. We obtained a list of intersected candidate genes with log2 θπ ratio, FST and XP-CLR (including 123 regions of 21 chromosomes with the average length of 54.4 kb) involved in different molecular processes and pathways implied complex genetic mechanisms of adaptation of native chickens to hot arid and harsh environments. We identified several selective regions containing genes that were associated with the circulatory system and blood vessel development (BVES, SMYD1, IL18, PDGFRA, NRP1, and CORIN), related to central nervous system development (SIM2 and NALCN), related to apoptosis (CLPTM1L, APP, CRADD, and PARK2) responded to stimuli (AHR, ESRRG FAS, and UBE4B) and involved in fatty acid metabolism (FABP1). Our findings provided the genomic evidence of the complex genetic mechanisms of adaptation to hot arid and harsh environments in chickens. These results may improve our understanding of thermal, drought, and harsh environment acclimation in chickens and may serve as a valuable resource for developing new biotechnological tools to breed stress-tolerant chicken lines and or breeds in the future.
Objective:
This network meta-analysis will provide a complete toxicity profile, toxicity profile, and safety ranking of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treatment of advanced non-small cell ...lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods:
We found 12 phase II or III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) including 8,453 patients with NSCLC by searching Pubmed, Embase, and
ClinicalTrials.gov
. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to compare the rate of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) for different ICIs-based treatments using pairwise and network meta-analysis with random effects.
Results:
For dermatologic irAEs, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the seven groups from high to low was: nivolumab + ipilimumab (97.4%), pembrolizumab (80.1%), nivolumab (67.1%), pembrolizumab + platinum (43.3%), atezolizumab + platinum (39.9%), durvalumab (17.5%), platinum-based chemotherapy (4.7%). For colitis, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the six groups from high to low was: atezolizumab + platinum (77.1%), nivolumab (67.3%), pembrolizumab (60.5%), durvalumab (45.2%), pembrolizumab + platinum (41.4%), platinum-based chemotherapy (8.5%). For endocrine irAEs, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the seven groups from high to low was: nivolumab + ipilimumab (79.1%), durvalumab (69.1%), pembrolizumab (61.9%), atezolizumab + platinum (60.4%),nivolumab (45.7%), pembrolizumab + platinum (33.5%), platinum-based chemotherapy (0.3%). For pneumonitis, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the seven groups from high to low was: pembrolizumab (99.3%), pembrolizumab + platinum (65.1%), durvalumab (62.2%), atezolizumab + platinum (56%), nivolumab (35.9%), platinum-based chemotherapy (18.1%),atezolizumab (13.3%). For hepatitis, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the six groups from high to low was: pembrolizumab (71.2%), pembrolizumab + platinum (64.3%), durvalumab (56.4%), atezolizumab + platinum (53.8%), nivolumab (44.5%), platinum-based chemotherapy (9.8%).
Conlusion:
In addition to platinum-based chemotherapy, durvalumab for dermatologic and liver irAEs, pembrolizumab for gastrointestinal irAEs, pembrolizumab + platinum for endocrine irAEs, and atezolizumab for pneumonitis may be associated with lower rates of irAEs than other immune-based regimens. Nivolumab + ipilimumab for dermatologic and endocrine irAEs, atezolizumab + platinum for colitis, and pembrolizumab for pneumonitis and hepatitis may be associated with higher rates of irAEs.
Intestinal microbes participate in life activities of the host, and are affected by external environmental factors. Different habitat sizes and protection status provide different external ...environmental selection pressures for the same wintering waterbirds, which may be reflected in their intestinal microbes. Hooded Cranes are vulnerable migratory waterbirds with similar numbers wintering at three different lakes in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain, Poyang, Caizi, and Shengjin Lakes. Here, we analyzed the characteristics of intestinal bacterial and fungal communities of Hooded Cranes wintering at the three lakes to clarify the effect of habitat size and protection status on intestinal microbes, using high-throughput sequencing technology. Our results showed that community composition and diversity of intestinal microbes were significantly different among lakes with different habitat size and protection status. The Hooded Cranes at Shengjin Lake (small) had higher intestinal microbial alpha-diversity (for both bacteria and fungi) than those at Poyang Lake (large), which might be induced by social behavior of more waterbirds per unit area. The Hooded Cranes at Caizi Lake (relatively poorly protected habitat) had more diverse and abundant intestinal potential pathogens than Shengjin Lake (well-protected habitat). Our results indicated that the environmental pressure of a habitat might affect intestinal microorganisms and more attention might be needed for the vulnerable waterbirds at the habitat of poor protection status.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Thoroughbred horses have been selected for traits contributing to speed and stamina for centuries. It is widely recognized that inherited variation in physical and physiological characteristics is ...responsible for variation in individual aptitude for race distance, and that muscle phenotypes in particular are important.
A genome-wide SNP-association study for optimum racing distance was performed using the EquineSNP50 Bead Chip genotyping array in a cohort of n = 118 elite Thoroughbred racehorses divergent for race distance aptitude. In a cohort-based association test we evaluated genotypic variation at 40,977 SNPs between horses suited to short distance (≤ 8 f) and middle-long distance (> 8 f) races. The most significant SNP was located on chromosome 18: BIEC2-417495 ~690 kb from the gene encoding myostatin (MSTN) P(unadj.) = 6.96 x 10⁻⁶. Considering best race distance as a quantitative phenotype, a peak of association on chromosome 18 (chr18:65809482-67545806) comprising eight SNPs encompassing a 1.7 Mb region was observed. Again, similar to the cohort-based analysis, the most significant SNP was BIEC2-417495 (P(unadj.) = 1.61 x 10⁻⁹; P(Bonf.) = 6.58 x 10⁻⁵). In a candidate gene study we have previously reported a SNP (g.66493737C>T) in MSTN associated with best race distance in Thoroughbreds; however, its functional and genome-wide relevance were uncertain. Additional re-sequencing in the flanking regions of the MSTN gene revealed four novel 3' UTR SNPs and a 227 bp SINE insertion polymorphism in the 5' UTR promoter sequence. Linkage disequilibrium was highest between g.66493737C>T and BIEC2-417495 (r² = 0.86).
Comparative association tests consistently demonstrated the g.66493737C>T SNP as the superior variant in the prediction of distance aptitude in racehorses (g.66493737C>T, P = 1.02 x 10⁻¹⁰; BIEC2-417495, P(unadj.) = 1.61 x 10⁻⁹). Functional investigations will be required to determine whether this polymorphism affects putative transcription-factor binding and gives rise to variation in gene and protein expression. Nonetheless, this study demonstrates that the g.66493737C>T SNP provides the most powerful genetic marker for prediction of race distance aptitude in Thoroughbreds.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The widespread application of cloud computing creates massive application services on the Internet, which is a new challenge for the models and algorithms of cloud service composition. This paper ...proposes a new method for cloud service composition. Time attenuation function is added into the service composition model, and service composition is formalized as a nonlinear integer programming problem. Moreover, the Discrete Gbest-guided Artificial Bee Colony (DGABC) algorithm is proposed, which simulates the search for the optimal service composition solution through the exploration of bees for food. Experiments show that the service composition model with the time attenuation function can make the quality of service more consistent with the current characteristics of services. Compared with other algorithms, the DGABC algorithm has advantages in terms of the quality of solution and efficiency, especially for the large-scale data, and it can obtain a near-optimal solution within a short period of time.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes are prepared from PVA, anion exchange and cation exchange multisilicon copolymers. Covalent network through SiOSi bonding, ...electrostatic interaction between N+(CH3)3 and SO3 groups and hydrogen bonding are present to strengthen the membrane structure.
•Polyelectrolyte complexes(PECs)/PVA membranes are prepared from PVA, anion exchange and cation exchange multisilicon copolymers.•SiOSi bonding, electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding are present to strengthen the membrane structure.•The membrane structure differs from typical “two-phase” or “three-phase” IEMs.•Zwitterionic or charge neutralization micro-phase influences the ions transport processes.
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes are prepared from PVA, anion exchange and cation exchange multisilicon copolymers, which contain plenty of functional groups of OH, N+(CH3)3/Si(OCH3)3, and SO3Na/Si(OCH3)3, respectively. The OH and Si(OCH3)3 groups can undertake sol–gel reaction to form crosslinking structure, while the N+(CH3)3 and SO3Na groups can be combined through electrostatic interaction.
The PECs/PVA membranes exhibit improved thermal stability, swelling resistance and flexibility as compared with single anion or cation exchange hybrid membranes. The PECs/PVA membranes have the water uptakes (WR) of 25.3–70.4%, initial decomposition temperatures (IDTs) of 246–285°C, tensile strength of 23.1–33.8MPa, and elongation at break of 3.5–13.1%. The membranes can be potentially applied for both acid and alkali recovery through diffusion dialysis (DD) process. The separation factor (S) for HCl/FeCl2 mixture can reach up to 89.9, which is about five times higher than that of commercial DF-120 membrane (18.5 at 25°C). The dialysis coefficients of NaOH (UOH) are in the range of 0.014–0.019m/h, around 7–9 times higher than the value of commercial SPPO membrane (0.002m/h at 25°C). The membranes also show potential usefulness for industrial acidic and alkali wastes treatment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Negative life events have been considered as a risk factor for depressive symptoms. This study aimed to explore whether resilience mediated the association between negative life events and depressive ...symptoms, and investigate whether psychopathy moderated the mediation model. Participants were recruited in Henan province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Finally, 427 participants were included in the full analyses. Results showed the association between negative life events and depressive symptoms was partially mediated by resilience. Besides, the path between negative life events and resilience was moderated by psychopathy. That is to say, negative life events can predict lower level of resilience and further predict more depressive symptoms. In addition, high level of psychopathy, to some extent, can predict less depressive symptoms via buffering the effects of negative life events on resilience.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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