Thick a-C/a-C:Ti multilayer films with bilayer periods of 12–70nm were deposited on Ti6Al4V alloy substrate by means of closed field unbalance magnetron sputtering. The morphology and microstructure ...of the multilayer films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Nanocrystalline TiC was distributed in the a-C:Ti layer and at the interface between the two adjacent layers. The mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated by Rockwell and scratch tests, a nanoindentor and a ball-on-disk tribometer. The multilayer film with a bilayer period of 12nm showed the highest adhesion strength, hardness (26GPa) and elastic modulus (232GPa); it also had the lowest average coefficient of friction (0.09) and a wear rate of 8.06×10−17m3N−1m−1.
•a-C/a-C:Ti multilayers with various bilayer periods were prepared.•Nanocrystalline TiCs were confirmed in the a-C:Ti layer and at the interface.•These multilayers show fine ability to comply with substrate deformation.•The multilayer with a bilayer period of 12nm exhibits the best properties.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
A simple method was discovered to prepare tungsten oxide nanowires directly from tungsten metal. The structure and composition of the nanowires were characterized by high resolution tunneling ...electron microscopy (HRTEM) and energy dispersive X-ray scattering (EDX), respectively. The growth mechanism and potential applications of this material are discussed.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The ZrN/Zr/a-C multilayered coatings were deposited onto Ti6Al4V and Si substrates using a closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The morphology and microstructure of the multilayers were ...performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The multilayer consists of a-C layers, Zr layers and ZrN layers. The Zr interlayers can improve the weak adhesion between a-C layers and ZrN layers. The multilayer exhibits a low residual stress of −0.5GPa and a hardness of 18.7GPa. The tribological properties were evaluated by a ball-on-disk tribometer. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the multilayer in fetal bovine serum (FBS) kept very low values during sliding at an applied load of 2N, which indicated excellent long-term wear resistance. What is more, the multilayer also presented a low wear rate in FBS even at a high applied load of 10N. Additionally, the corrosion resistance of Ti6Al4V in Hank's solution is significantly improved by the multilayer. This study demonstrates that the ZrN/Zr/a-C multilayer exhibits excellent performance including low residual stress, high corrosion resistance as well as good bio-tribological properties and it is proper to protect Ti6Al4V alloy.
•ZrN/Zr/a-C multilayer is deposited by magnetron sputtering.•The structure of ZrN is fcc while that of Zr is hcp.•ZrN/Zr/a-C multilayer shows a high hardness of 18.7GPa and low residual stress.•ZrN/Zr/a-C multilayer exhibit excellent bio-tribological behavior.•The corrosion resistance is improved by ZrN/Zr/a-C multilayer.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The aim of this study was to identify long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) associated with osteogenic differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data. ...RNA-Seq dataset was obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute (accession No. PRJEB4496), including two replicates each for immortalized mesenchymal stem cells iMSC#3 cultured in growth medium (GM) and differentiation medium (DM) for 28 days. The clean reads were aligned to a hg19 reference genome by Tophat and assembled by Cufflinks to identify the known and novel transcripts. RPKM values were calculated to screen for differentially expressed RNA. Novel lncRNA were screened based on various filter criteria. Subsequently, the underlying function of novel lncRNAs were predicted by functional annotation by ERPIN, a co-expression network was constructed by WGCNA and the KEGG pathway enriched by KOBAS. A total of 3171 RNA differentially expressed between the DM and GM groups (2597 mRNA and 574 lncRNA) were identified. Among the 574 differentially expressed lncRNA, 357 were known and 217 were novel lncRNA. Furthermore, 32 novel lncRNA were found to be miRNA precursors (including miR-689, miR-640, miR-601, and miR-544). A total of 14,275 co-expression relationships and 217 co-expression networks were obtained between novel lncRNA and mRNA. The differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA were enriched into 6 significant pathways, including those for cancer, ECM-receptor interaction, and focal adhesion. Therefore, novel lncRNAwere identified and their underlying function predicted, which may provide the basis for future analyses of the role of lncRNA in osteoblastic differentiation.
Background and purpose
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the early stage of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression ...patterns of miRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AIS patients and further explore related molecular mechanisms in stroke‐induced immunodeficiency syndrome (SIDS).
Methods
The miRNA expression patterns of PBMCs were detected by miRNA microarray and validated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) in AIS patients and healthy controls. Bioinformatics methods and luciferase reporter assays were used to detect the downstream target genes. Following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interleukin‐4, the expression of miR‐4443, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 4 (TRAF4) and the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway were evaluated. Furthermore, transfection with miR‐4443 mimic or inhibitor in the monocytes was carried out to gain insight into the mechanisms in SIDS.
Results
Interleukin‐10 in AIS patients was significantly higher than that of healthy controls. The miRNA microarray analysis and qRTPCR validation showed that only miR‐4443 was upregulated expressed in PBMCs from AIS patients, especially in monocytes. miR‐4443 was shown to directly interact with the 3′ untranslated regions of TRAF4, resulting in suppression of TRAF4 protein expression. Furthermore, the expression of miR‐4443 and TRAF4 was regulated by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide or interleukin‐4. Additionally, overexpression of miR‐4443 suppressed the TRAF4/Iκα/NF‐κB signaling pathway to activate the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines in monocytes.
Conclusions
The increased expression of miR‐4443 induced monocyte dysfunction by targeting TRAF4, which may function as a crucial mediator in SIDS.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Despite its low incidence, pulmonary hypertension in children places a substantial burden on families and society because survival can be shorter than 10 months and treatment options are limited and ...ineffective. Drugs to treat pulmonary hypertension include endothelin antagonists, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and prostacyclin, which is the most widely used to treat pediatric pulmonary hypertension. The main aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview of the advantages and disadvantages of prostacyclin and its analogs for treating pulmonary hypertension in children.
To retrieve a thorough collection of studies, we performed a search in PubMed using the following combination of keywords: (Prostacyclins) or (Epoprostenol) or (Iloprost) or (Treprostinil) or (Beraprost), (children) and (pulmonary arterial hypertension). The time limits used for the search were December 1983 to May 2021.
The search retrieved a total of 238 articles. Titles and abstracts of articles were screened for relevance, and all relevant articles published in English were included.
Epoprostenol can be effective against severe pulmonary hypertension. Iloprost can treat severe persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborns and inhaled iloprost can be used in pulmonary vasoreactivity testing. Treprostinil is a long-acting prostacyclin analog, and it shows the highest antiproliferative activity among prostacyclins. Beraprost may be effective in premature infants, but available evidence comes from only one patient, so more clinical testing is needed.
Nanostructured and conventional zirconia coatings on superalloys have been deposited to show thermal shock resistance and oxidation resistance by atmospheric plasma spraying. The results showed that ...the nanostructured zirconia coating mainly contained two kinds of microstructures, nanosized zirconia particles embedded in the matrix and micrometer-sized columnar grain structures of zirconia similar to those of conventional zirconia coating. Compared with the conventional zirconia coating, the nanostructured coating is denser and has finer and less porous structure and fewer microcracks with higher thermal shock resistance and isothermal oxidation resistance. With increasing zirconia coating thickness from 100 to 500
μm, the thermal shock resistance of both nanostructured and conventional coatings decreased. The increased properties of nanostructured zirconia coating are related to improved toughness and decreased porosity and microcrack of the coating.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
To investigate the accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of non-primary solid malignant tumors in breast needle core biopsy.
Twenty-three cases of breast, axilla or neck lymph nodes ...pathologically diagnosed as non-primary solid malignant tumors were collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China from January 2013 to March 2023. The differential diagnoses and diagnostic features were analyzed, based on combining clinical data, histology, and expression characteristics of biomarkers.
All patients were female, with age ranging from 29 to 75 years (average 56 years). The average time from the diagnosis of primary tumor to the current diagnosis was 21 months (0 to 204 months).The primary sites included the ovary (9 cases), the lung (5 cases), the gastrointestinal tract (4 cases), the pancreas, intrahepatic bile duct, thyroid gland, nasal cavity and forearm skin (1 case each). No carcinoma in situ was found in any of the cases. The morphological differences were sig
An a-C/a-C: Ti multilayer film with a bilayer period of 40 nm was deposited on medical Ti6Al4V alloy using a closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The microstructure and chemical composition ...of the multilayer film were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated from nanoindentation, Rockwell and scratch tests, and ball-on-disk tribometer. Nanoindentation tests showed that the hardness of the multilayer film reached 25 GPa with good toughness. Due to the interface effect, the adhesion strength of the nanomultilayer was significantly improved. In humid air without lubrication, the a-C/a-C: Ti nanomultilayer film had a low friction coefficient of 0.080 and wear rate of 1.95×10−16 m3 N−1 m−1 at a load of 10 N. While in Hanks' solution, the film exhibited lower friction coefficient of 0.074 and wear rate of 4.25×10−17 m3 N−1 m−1.
•An a-C/a-C: Ti multilayer film was prepared by magnetron sputtering.•The multilayer film was composed of carbon and carbon-Ti composite layers.•The hardness of the multilayer film reached 25 GPa with good toughness.•The multilayer film in Hanks' solution showed excellent wear resistance.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
An experiment of kinetic water vapor adsorption of inner surface of silica nano-porous materials is performed by using the thermal gravimetrical method in a relative humidity range from 0.15 to 0.9 ...at different temperature levels of 25, 35, 45, 55, 65°C, respectively. The temperature and humidity environment was supplied by a hygrothermostat. This experiment work shows that the water vapor adsorption equilibrium on silica nano-porous materials belongs to Type IV according to Brunauer’s classification and could be well correlated by BET (Stephen Brunauer, Paul Hugh Emmett and Edward Teller) equation. The exponential-decay-2 model proposed in this work could fit the full kinetic adsorption process while the pseudo models failed. Under the same relative humidity, although the water vapor concentration increases significantly with temperature, the saturated water uptake decreases slightly with the increase of temperature for the adverse effect of temperature on adsorption.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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