•The proton radiation induced oxygen vacancy has been obtained by the SRIM.•The radiation induced oxygen vacancy in BaTiO3 linear with the proton fluence.•The electrocaloric effect of the BaTiO3 ...decreases with increase of proton fluence.
A theoretical study of the influence of proton radiation on the electrocaloric effect (ECE) in BaTiO3 thin film has been present in this work. The radiation induced oxygen vacancy density has been obtained using a computer program Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter, and a phenomenological model based on Landau phase transition theory has been established to study the ECE. It shows that the radiation induced oxygen vacancy density is linear with the proton fluence. The ECE of the BaTiO3 thin film is roughly unaffected by the irradiation up to the proton fluence of 5 × 1016 cm−2, and then decreases with increase of proton fluence and energy of the incident proton.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Recent studies suggested that bleaching agents may whiten teeth by oxidizing the fluorescent materials, which are the proteins located in the organic-inorganic interface. Therefore, we postulated ...that fluorescence of dentin came from dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) and that bleaching agents might bleach dentin by oxidizing DPP. Fifty-six specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups and exposed to distilled water, hydrogen peroxide (HP), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA), and acetic acid for 24 h. After measuring the organic and inorganic components, fluorescence, and color characteristics of dentin before and after exposure, we found that when DPP was removed from dentin by EDTA, fluorescent intensity declined proportionally with the reduction in Raman relative intensity, and dentin was whitened considerably, with an ΔE value 6 times higher than that of the distilled water group. On the contrary, due to the incapability of acetic acid to dissolve DPP during decalcification, fluorescent intensity values and tooth color remained nearly unchanged after exposure to acetic acid. Dentin exposed to neutral HP showed no obvious morphologic and organic/inorganic component changes except for the destruction of DPP. Similarly, dramatically decreased fluorescent intensity and lightened color were found in the HP group. Moreover, DPP solution of the HP group exhibited decreased ultraviolet absorbance, especially between 250 and 300 nm, which arose from aromatic amino acids. The results indicated that DPP was responsible for the fluorescent properties of dentin and that HP might bleach dentin by the oxidization of aromatic amino acids in DPP. These findings are of great significance in promoting our further understanding of the mechanism of tooth bleaching and the fluorescent property of normal dentin.
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CMK, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
In order to study the interior ballistic characteristics of cased telescoped ammunition (CTA) armor-piercing projectile in the hypervelocity launch process, in this paper, based on the ...secondary ignition and propellant combustion technology, the zero-dimensional internal ballistic model of CTA is established. At the same time, in order to improve the lightweight of CTA and the energy utilization rate of the launch process, combustible cartridge materials are applied to the structure of cased telescoped ammunition. Numerical simulation of 105 mm CTA grenade shooting experiment has verified its correctness. On this basis, the internal ballistic process of 105 mm CTA armor-piercing projectile with semi-combustible cartridge is predicted and analyzed. When main charge propellant weight is 6 kg, the maximum pressure is 569.5 MPa and the muzzle velocity can reach 1702 m/s.
The observation of magnetic interaction at the interface between nonmagnetic oxides has attracted much attention in recent years. In this report, we show that the Kondo-like scattering at the ...SrTiO3-based conducting interface is enhanced by increasing the lattice mismatch and growth oxygen pressure PO2. For the 26-unit-cell LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) interface with lattice mismatch being 3.0%, the Kondo-like scattering is observed when PO2 is beyond 1 mTorr. By contrast, when the lattice mismatch is reduced to 1.0% at the (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.65Ta0.35)O3/SrTiO3 (LSAT/STO) interface, the metallic state is always preserved up to PO2 of 100 mTorr. The data from Hall measurement and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy reveal that the larger amount of localized Ti(3+) ions are formed at the LAO/STO interface compared to LSAT/STO. Those localized Ti(3+) ions with unpaired electrons can be spin-polarized to scatter mobile electrons, responsible for the Kondo-like scattering observed at the LAO/STO interface.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been widely used in the treatment of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP), but the credibility of the evidence for this practice is unclear. We systematically ...reviewed the efficacy and safety of CHM therapy for HLAP.
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from inception to October 16, 2022, for randomized controlled trials comparing the combination of CHM and Western medicine therapy vs. Western medicine therapy alone in HLAP adults. This study is registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD 42022371052).
A total of 50 eligible studies involving 3,635 patients were assessed in this meta-analysis. Compared with Western medicine therapy, the combination of CHM increased the total effective rate by 19% in HLAP patients relative risk (RR): 1.19, 95% CI: (1.16, 1.23). There were significant differences between the two groups in improving clinical symptoms, promoting serum amylase and triglyceride recovery, reducing mortality RR: 0.28, 95% CI: (0.14, 0.56) and complication rates RR:0.40, 95% CI: (0.31, 0.52), and shortening the length of hospital stay MD: -3.96, 95% CI: (-4.76, -3.16). Adverse reactions were similar between groups. Findings were robust in the sensitivity analysis.
The combined CHM treatment was more effective than Western medicine alone in HLAP patients. However, due to the methodological shortcoming of the eligible studies, caution is needed when interpreting these findings.
Based on the density functional theory, the electronic and optical properties of pristine monolayer PdSe2 with Pd or Se vacancy-defect are investigated. Our results show that the Se defect is ...energetically more favorable than that of Pd defect. The band gap reduces, and some new midgap states appear after the Pd or Se defects are introduced. In terms of the optical properties, the prominent anisotropic characters are remained. The obvious new peaks of the dielectric constant appear after introducing defects. The light absorption in the visible energy range expands based on the appearance of the midgap states induced by the Pd or Se defects. The changes of the refractive index and reflectivity are similar with those of the dielectric constants and the light absorption. The energy loss spectrum of the PdSe2 with Pd or Se defects is obviously different, which can be used to identify different defects in PdSe2. These findings provide effective strategies to tune electronic and optical properties of monolayer PdSe2 by introducing defects.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Cancer vaccines as immunotherapy for solid tumours are currently in development with promising results. We report a phase 1 study of Ad-sig-hMUC1/ecdCD40L (NCT02140996), an adenoviral-vector vaccine ...encoding the tumour-associated antigen MUC1 linked to CD40 ligand, in patients with advanced adenocarcinoma. The primary objective of this study is safety and tolerability. We also study the immunome in vaccinated patients as a secondary outcome. This trial, while not designed to determine clinical efficacy, reports an exploratory endpoint of overall response rate. The study meets its pre-specified primary endpoint demonstrating safety and tolerability in a cohort of 21 patients with advanced adenocarcinomas (breast, lung and ovary). The maximal dose of the vaccine is 1 ×10
viral particles, with no dose limiting toxicities. All drug related adverse events are of low grades, most commonly injection site reactions in 15 (71%) patients. Using exploratory high-dimensional analyses, we find both quantitative and relational changes in the cancer immunome after vaccination. Our data highlights the utility of high-dimensional analyses in understanding and predicting effective immunotherapy, underscoring the importance of immune competency in cancer prognosis.
Abstract Current available antidepressants exhibit low remission rate with a long response lag time. Growing evidence has demonstrated acute sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine exerts rapid, robust, and ...lasting antidepressant effects. However, a long term use of ketamine tends to elicit its adverse reactions. The present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant-like effects of intermittent and consecutive administrations of ketamine on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats, and to determine whether ketamine can redeem the time lag for treatment response of classic antidepressants. The behavioral responses were assessed by the sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, and open field test. In the first stage of experiments, all the four treatment regimens of ketamine (10 mg/kg ip, once daily for 3 or 7 consecutive days, or once every 7 or 3 days, in a total 21 days) showed robust antidepressant-like effects, with no significant influence on locomotor activity and stereotype behavior in the CUMS rats. The intermittent administration regimens produced longer antidepressant-like effects than the consecutive administration regimens and the administration every 7 days presented similar antidepressant-like effects with less administration times compared with the administration every 3 days. In the second stage of experiments, the combination of ketamine (10 mg/kg ip, once every 7 days) and citalopram (20 mg/kg po, once daily) for 21 days caused more rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects than citalopram administered alone. In summary, repeated sub-anesthestic doses of ketamine can redeem the time lag for the antidepressant-like effects of citalopram, suggesting the combination of ketamine and classic antidepressants is a promising regimen for depression with quick onset time and stable and lasting effects.
Summary
Background
Recent evidence has revealed an elevation of total homocysteine (tHcy) in patients with vitiligo. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is one of the main enzymes regulating ...homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism. Thus, polymorphisms of MTHFR could potentially contribute to the development of vitiligo by affecting MTHFR activity and tHcy levels.
Objectives
To evaluate the potential association between MTHFR polymorphisms and vitiligo susceptibility.
Methods
In total, 1000 patients with vitiligo and 1000 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were enrolled in this hospital‐based case–control study. Two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene (rs1801133 C>T and rs1801131 A>C) were selected and genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism and allele‐specific PCR, respectively. The MTHFR activity concentration and tHcy level in serum were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
We found that allele T of rs1801133 in the MTHFR gene was associated with a significantly reduced risk of vitiligo (adjusted odds ratio 0·58, 95% confidence interval 0·43–0·76, P < 0·001). In addition, the patients with vitiligo had a lower activity concentration of MTHFR and higher level of tHcy than the controls. Correlation between these markers and the risk of vitiligo was also observed. Furthermore, the individuals with a no‐risk genotype (CT + TT) of rs1801133 and higher activity concentration of MTHFR or lower level of tHcy had a significantly decreased risk of vitiligo.
Conclusions
Our data suggest that MTHFR gene polymorphisms may play a vital role in genetic susceptibility to vitiligo.
What's already known about this topic?
Previous findings have suggested that patients with vitiligo have an elevated level of total homocysteine.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an enzyme affecting homocysteine metabolism, and polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene impact the enzyme's activity.
What does this study add?
Our study demonstrates the association between functional mutations of the MTHFR gene and vitiligo susceptibility.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
This article has developed a super hydrophobic graphene anti-corrosion coating, consisting of fluorinated monomers, UV curable resins, silica, and graphene oxide. The coating does not ...contain organic solvents and can quickly solidify to form a superhydrophobic anti-corrosion coating. Research has shown that when the crosslinking agent is 3%, the graphene content is 1%, and the silicon dioxide content is greater than 2%, the hydrophobic angle of the coating exceeds 150 °C, and the coating has good self-cleaning performance. The corrosion voltage of the coating after adding graphene and silicon dioxide is -36.5mV, and the corrosion current can reach 1.17 × 10-9A, with the best anti-corrosion performance.
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