Onychomadesis: literature review Hardin, J.; Haber, R.M.
British journal of dermatology (1951),
March 2015, Volume:
172, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Summary
Onychomadesis is characterized by separation of the nail plate from the matrix with persistent attachment to the nail bed and often, but not always, eventual shedding. Onychomadesis has been ...associated with infection, autoimmune disease, critical illness and medications. To our knowledge a literature review of all associations with onychomadesis has not been completed previously. Most commonly, onychomadesis has been reported in association with pemphigus vulgaris and hand–foot–mouth disease, and following chemotherapy or antiepileptic medications. This article summarizes these key culprit associations, postulates the pathogenesis of nail matrix arrest and summarizes the clinical outcomes. We conducted a retrospective review of cases of onychomadesis reported from January 1960 to March 2013. Using the PubMed database, the literature was searched using the following terms: ‘onychomadesis’ and ‘proximal nail shedding’. Also, an Ovid search was carried out using the same terms. In total 56 articles have been published, including our previously reported series of idiopathic onychomadesis. Articles pertaining only to Beau's lines and not true onychomadesis were excluded. Onychomadesis has been associated with autoimmune disease, other major medical illness, neonatal illness, medication and infection.
What's already known about this topic?
Onychomadesis is characterized by separation of the nail plate from the matrix with persistent attachment to the nail bed and often but not always, eventual shedding. Onychomadesis has been associated with infection, autoimmune disease, critical illness, and medications.
What does this study add?
To our knowledge a literature review of all associations with onychomadesis has not been completed previously.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper describes a topology design method for simple two-dimensional flow problems. We consider steady, incompressible laminar viscous flows at low-to-moderate Reynolds numbers. This makes the ...flow problem nonlinear and hence a nontrivial extension of the work of Borrvall and Petersson (2003).Further, the inclusion of inertia effects significantly alters the physics, enabling solutions of new classes of optimization problems, such as velocity-driven switches, that are not addressed by the earlier method. Specifically, we determine optimal layouts of channel flows that extremize a cost function which measures either some local aspect of the velocity field or a global quantity, such as the rate of energy dissipation. We use the finite element method to model the flow, and we solve the optimization problem with a gradient-based math-programming algorithm that is driven by analytical sensitivities. Our target application is optimal layout design of channels in fluid network systems. Using concepts borrowed from topology optimization of compliant mechanisms in solid mechanics, we introduce a method for the synthesis of fluidic components, such as switches, diodes, etc.
Full text
Available for:
EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Scratching the Surface: A Review of Dermatitis Woo, Taylor E; Somayaji, Ranjani; Haber, R.M ...
Advances in skin & wound care,
2019-December, 2019-Dec, 2019-12-00, 20191201, Volume:
32, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
GENERAL PURPOSETo present a case-based review illustrating atopic and contact dermatitis, including management of these conditions using topical and systemic therapies.
TARGET AUDIENCEThis continuing ...education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMESAfter participating in this educational activity, the participant should be better able to:1. Review the prevalence, etiology, and consequences of the various types of dermatitis.2. Describe the clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of the various types of dermatitis.3. Outline the treatment options for the various types of dermatitis.
ABSTRACTEczematous reactions such as atopic dermatitis and contact dermatitis are prevalent worldwide. Despite contrasting pathophysiology, the diagnosis and management of these dermatitides can be challenging for healthcare providers. Differences in the distribution of the affected areas, duration of onset, and associated symptoms may help to distinguish these conditions. Diagnosis of the respective conditions is useful in developing appropriate management plans. Herein, the authors present a case-based review illustrating these different disease entities. Management of these conditions, including the use of topical and systemic therapies, is discussed.
GENERAL PURPOSETo provide information about the epidemiology, clinical features, and management of cutaneous tinea infections.
TARGET AUDIENCEThis continuing education activity is intended for ...physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMESAfter completing this continuing education activity, you should be better able to:1. Summarize the epidemiology related to cutaneous tinea infections.2. Describe the clinical features of cutaneous tinea infections.3. Identify features related to the diagnosis and management of cutaneous tinea infections.
ABSTRACTDermatophyte or tinea infection refers to a group of superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin, and nails. Tinea infections are most commonly caused by fungi of the genus Trichophyton, Microsporum, or Epidermophyton. Cutaneous manifestations of tinea infections are seen worldwide and classified based on the affected body site. The diagnosis of these conditions is complicated by morphologic variations in presentation and overlap with other common infectious and noninfectious entities. As a result, diagnosis and appropriate management of these conditions are essential to avoid patient morbidity. This case-based review summarizes the epidemiology, relevant clinical features, microbiology, and management considerations for commonly encountered tinea infections.
ABSTRACT
Comprehensive observations of variable stars can include time domain photometry in a multitude of filters, spectroscopy, estimates of colour (e.g. U-B), etc. When the objective is to ...classify variable stars, traditional machine learning techniques distill these various representations (or views) into a single feature vector and attempt to discriminate among desired categories. In this work, we propose an alternative approach that inherently leverages multiple views of the same variable star. Our multiview metric learning framework enables robust characterization of star categories by directly learning to discriminate in a multifaceted feature space, thus, eliminating the need to combine feature representations prior to fitting the machine learning model. We also demonstrate how to extend standard multiview learning, which employs multiple vectorized views, to the matrix-variate case which allows very novel variable star signature representations. The performance of our proposed methods is evaluated on the UCR Starlight and LINEAR data sets. Both the vector and matrix-variate versions of our multiview learning framework perform favourably – demonstrating the ability to discriminate variable star categories.
We present a new space–time discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for linearized elastodynamics that delivers exact balance of linear and angular momentum over every space–time element. The ...method is formulated for use with fully unstructured space–time grids and uses displacement basis functions that are discontinuous across all inter-element boundaries. We introduce a new space–time formulation of continuum elastodynamics that uses differential forms and the exterior calculus on manifolds to generate a system of space–time field equations and jump conditions. Then we invoke a Bubnov–Galerkin weighted residuals procedure to formulate the finite element method. We describe an implementation on patch-wise causal meshes that features linear complexity in the number of elements and special per-pixel accurate visualization. Numerical examples confirm an a priori error estimate and demonstrate the method’s shock-capturing capabilities.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Background
The occurrence of sexual dysfunction side‐effects associated with finasteride use in men with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is thought to be less prevalent than is publicized. There is a ...need to investigate sexual dysfunction among finasteride users with population‐based controls.
Objective
To evaluate the presence of sexual dysfunction in men using finasteride or not using finasteride.
Method
Adult men visiting a dermatologist's office for any reason were asked to complete a survey including a modified version of the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) to assess the presence of sexual dysfunction with and without finasteride use.
Results
Data from 762 men aged 18–82 were collected: 663 finasteride users and 99 non‐finasteride users. There were no significant differences between finasteride users and non‐user controls in reporting sexual dysfunction using the ASEX. Regression analysis indicated that self‐reporting libido loss and reduced sexual performance, not finasteride use, predict a higher ASEX score.
Conclusion
The use of finasteride does not result in sexual dysfunction in men with AGA. These data are consistent with other large survey‐based controlled studies.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
•ζ-factor microanalysis was successfully applied to quantify boron-rich ceramics.•A full range of ζ-factors were experimentally determined and validated.•Strategies to best determine boron carbide ...bulk stoichiometry were compared.•Boron carbide specimens with different stoichiometries were determined.•A ζ-factor raster scan technique was used to determine grain boundary compositions.
Accurate quantification of light elements which produce only soft X-ray lines via X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (XEDS) has been traditionally difficult due to poor X-ray emission and detector efficiencies at low energies and significant X-ray absorption effects. The ζ-factor microanalysis method enables one to correct for these shortcomings; however, ζ-factor microanalysis has not yet been thoroughly applied to inorganic materials which are entirely or mostly composed of light elements such as boron carbide, boron nitride, or boron suboxide. This work successfully extended ζ-factor microanalysis to boron-rich ceramics and accurately determined stoichiometries of multiple boron carbides and measured grain boundary compositions of a boron carbide mixed with additives consisting of rare-earth ions. Various strategies were employed to experimentally determine a full range of ζ-factors and measurements were validated using materials of known composition including silicon hexaboride and silicon carbide. Overall, this work has shown that XEDS is a viable technique for light element quantification in (scanning) transmission electron microscopy, in terms of both the accuracy and precision, which is comparable or superior to the complementary electron energy loss spectrometry.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PDF
