Onychomadesis: literature review Hardin, J.; Haber, R.M.
British journal of dermatology (1951),
March 2015, Volume:
172, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Summary
Onychomadesis is characterized by separation of the nail plate from the matrix with persistent attachment to the nail bed and often, but not always, eventual shedding. Onychomadesis has been ...associated with infection, autoimmune disease, critical illness and medications. To our knowledge a literature review of all associations with onychomadesis has not been completed previously. Most commonly, onychomadesis has been reported in association with pemphigus vulgaris and hand–foot–mouth disease, and following chemotherapy or antiepileptic medications. This article summarizes these key culprit associations, postulates the pathogenesis of nail matrix arrest and summarizes the clinical outcomes. We conducted a retrospective review of cases of onychomadesis reported from January 1960 to March 2013. Using the PubMed database, the literature was searched using the following terms: ‘onychomadesis’ and ‘proximal nail shedding’. Also, an Ovid search was carried out using the same terms. In total 56 articles have been published, including our previously reported series of idiopathic onychomadesis. Articles pertaining only to Beau's lines and not true onychomadesis were excluded. Onychomadesis has been associated with autoimmune disease, other major medical illness, neonatal illness, medication and infection.
What's already known about this topic?
Onychomadesis is characterized by separation of the nail plate from the matrix with persistent attachment to the nail bed and often but not always, eventual shedding. Onychomadesis has been associated with infection, autoimmune disease, critical illness, and medications.
What does this study add?
To our knowledge a literature review of all associations with onychomadesis has not been completed previously.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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3.
Scratching the Surface: A Review of Dermatitis Woo, Taylor E; Somayaji, Ranjani; Haber, R.M ...
Advances in skin & wound care,
2019-December, 2019-Dec, 2019-12-00, 20191201, Volume:
32, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
GENERAL PURPOSETo present a case-based review illustrating atopic and contact dermatitis, including management of these conditions using topical and systemic therapies.
TARGET AUDIENCEThis continuing ...education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMESAfter participating in this educational activity, the participant should be better able to:1. Review the prevalence, etiology, and consequences of the various types of dermatitis.2. Describe the clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of the various types of dermatitis.3. Outline the treatment options for the various types of dermatitis.
ABSTRACTEczematous reactions such as atopic dermatitis and contact dermatitis are prevalent worldwide. Despite contrasting pathophysiology, the diagnosis and management of these dermatitides can be challenging for healthcare providers. Differences in the distribution of the affected areas, duration of onset, and associated symptoms may help to distinguish these conditions. Diagnosis of the respective conditions is useful in developing appropriate management plans. Herein, the authors present a case-based review illustrating these different disease entities. Management of these conditions, including the use of topical and systemic therapies, is discussed.
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of ...gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as heavy neutrinos, supersymmetric and technicolor particles, axions, dark photons, etc. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Supersymmetry, Extra Dimensions, Particle Detectors, Probability, and Statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on： Dark Energy, Higgs Boson Physics, Electroweak Model, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Neutrino Generators, Top Quark, Dark Matter, Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Accelerator Physics of Colliders, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Astrophysical Constants and Cosmological Parameters. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews （and errata） are also available on the Particle Data Group website： http ：//pdg. lbl. gov.
Advances in bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) permit the assessment of lymphedema by directly measuring lymph fluid changes. The objective of the study was to examine the reliability, ...sensitivity, and specificity of cross-sectional assessment of BIA in detecting lymphedema in a large metropolitan clinical setting. BIA was used to measure lymph fluid changes. Limb volume by sequential circumferential tape measurement was used to validate the presence of lymphedema. Data were collected from 250 women, including healthy female adults, breast cancer survivors with lymphedema, and those at risk for lymphedema. Reliability, sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve were estimated. BIA ratio, as indicated by L-Dex ratio, was highly reliable among healthy women (ICC=0.99; 95% CI = 0.99 - 0.99), survivors at-risk for lymphedema (ICC=0.99; 95% CI = 0.99 - 0.99), and all women (ICC=0.85; 95% CI = 0.81 - 0.87); reliability was acceptable for survivors with lymphedema (ICC=0.69; 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.80). The L-Dex ratio with a diagnostic cutoff of >+7.1 discriminated between at-risk breast cancer survivors and those with lymphedema with 80% sensitivity and 90% specificity (AUC=0.86). BIA ratio was significantly correlated with limb volume by sequential circumferential tape measurement. Cross-sectional assessment of BIA may have a role in clinical practice by adding confidence in detecting lymphedema. It is important to note that using a cutoff of L-Dex ratio >+7.1 still misses 20% of true lymphedema cases, it is important for clinicians to integrate other assessment methods (such as self-report, clinical observation, or perometry) to ensure the accurate detection of lymphedema.
GENERAL PURPOSETo provide information about the epidemiology, clinical features, and management of cutaneous tinea infections.
TARGET AUDIENCEThis continuing education activity is intended for ...physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMESAfter completing this continuing education activity, you should be better able to:1. Summarize the epidemiology related to cutaneous tinea infections.2. Describe the clinical features of cutaneous tinea infections.3. Identify features related to the diagnosis and management of cutaneous tinea infections.
ABSTRACTDermatophyte or tinea infection refers to a group of superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin, and nails. Tinea infections are most commonly caused by fungi of the genus Trichophyton, Microsporum, or Epidermophyton. Cutaneous manifestations of tinea infections are seen worldwide and classified based on the affected body site. The diagnosis of these conditions is complicated by morphologic variations in presentation and overlap with other common infectious and noninfectious entities. As a result, diagnosis and appropriate management of these conditions are essential to avoid patient morbidity. This case-based review summarizes the epidemiology, relevant clinical features, microbiology, and management considerations for commonly encountered tinea infections.
Review of Particle Physics Tanabashi, M.; Nakamura, K.; Tanaka, J. ...
Physical review. D,
08/2018, Volume:
98, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,873 new measurements from 758 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of ...gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 118 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Neutrinos in Cosmology.
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The expanded polyglutamine-containing mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein is implicated in neuronal degeneration of medium spiny neurons in Huntington's disease (HD) for which multiple therapeutic ...approaches are currently being evaluated to eliminate or reduce mHTT. Development of effective and orthogonal biomarkers will ensure accurate assessment of the safety and efficacy of pharmacologic interventions. We have identified and optimized a class of ligands that bind to oligomerized/aggregated mHTT, which is a hallmark in the HD postmortem brain. These ligands are potentially useful imaging biomarkers for HD therapeutic development in both preclinical and clinical settings. We describe here the optimization of the benzo4,5imidazo1,2-
pyrimidine series that show selective binding to mHTT aggregates over Aβ- and/or tau-aggregates associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology. Compound
C-
was selected as a clinical candidate based on its high free fraction in the brain, specific binding in the HD mouse model, and rapid brain uptake/washout in nonhuman primate positron emission tomography imaging studies.
To clarify indications for typhoid vaccination, we reviewed laboratory-confirmed cases of typhoid fever reported to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1994 and 1999. ...To estimate the risk of adverse events associated with typhoid vaccination, we reviewed reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System for the same period. Acute Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection was reported for 1393 patients. Of these patients, recent travel was reported by 1027 (74%), only 36 (4%) of whom reported having received a vaccination. Six countries accounted for 76% of travel-associated cases (India 30%, Pakistan 13%, Mexico 12%, Bangladesh 8%, The Philippines 8%, and Haiti 5%). For 626 travelers who traveled to a single country, the length of stay was ⩽1 week for 31 (5%), ⩽2 weeks for 100 (16%), ⩽3 weeks for 169 (27%), ⩽4 weeks for 232 (37%), ⩽5 weeks for 338 (54%), and ⩽6 weeks for 376 (60%). Reports of serious adverse events due to typhoid vaccination were very rare. Vaccination should be considered even for persons planning short-term travel to high-risk areas.
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