Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and it is associated with a combination of genetic, environmental, and microbial risk factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. ...pylori) is classified as a type I carcinogen, however, the exact regulatory mechanisms underlying H. pylori-induced GC are incompletely defined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), one of small non-coding RNAs, negatively regulate gene expression through binding to their target genes. Dysregulation of miRNAs is crucial in human cancer. A noteworthy quantity of aberrant miRNAs induced by H. pylori through complex regulatory networks have been identified. These miRNAs substantially affect genetic instability, cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, autophagy, chemoresistance, and the tumor microenvironment, leading to GC development and progression. Importantly, some H. pylori-associated miRNAs hold promise as therapeutic tools and biomarkers for GC prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis. Nonetheless, clinical application of miRNAs remains in its infancy with multiple issues, including sensitivity and specificity, stability, reliable delivery systems, and off-target effects. Additional research on the specific molecular mechanisms and more clinical data are still required. This review investigated the biogenesis, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of miRNAs in H. pylori-induced GC, offering novel insights into the potential clinical applications of miRNA-based therapeutics and biomarkers.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Background Occupational commitment (OC) is a multidimensional construct that predicts turnover intentions. The interindividual variability of nurses’ OC merits further exploration. Therefore, this ...study aims to examine patterns of OC and its relationship with psychological empowerment and job crafting in nurses. Methods A sample of 1,061 nurses was recruited from February 2022 to April 2022 by using a stratified four-stage cluster sampling procedure. A self-report survey included the Psychological Empowerment Scale, Job Crafting Scale, and Occupational Commitment Scale. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to examine the patterns of OC. Associations of the latent class membership with individual characteristics, psychological empowerment and job crafting were examined using multinomial logistic regression. Results Three patterns of OC were identified: (1) “Low OC group” ( n = 224, 21.1%); (2) “Moderate OC group” ( n = 665, 62.7%); (3) “High OC group” ( n = 172, 16.2%). Nurses with higher education, fewer years of service, working in medicine, lower psychological empowerment and lower job crafting had a higher likelihood of belonging to Class 1 (Low OC group). In contrast, nurses working in emergency and with higher psychological empowerment and job crafting were more likely to belong to Class 3 (High OC group). Conclusion The findings revealed the heterogeneity of occupational commitment among nurses in China and could guide the identification and early intervention of nurses with low level of occupational commitment.
Introduction:
Improving energy efficiency is significant for achieving carbon emission reduction and promoting the transformation of green economic development. In the sustainable development ...framework set out in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Goal 7.3 explicitly aims to double the global rate of energy efficiency improvement by 2030. The rapid development of digital technology, along with its universality and penetrative characteristics, has provide a feasible solution for improving energy efficiency and environmental conditions. However, the theoretical understanding of the impact and underlying logic of digital technology on energy efficiency remains unclear.
Methods:
Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2021, this paper adopts econometric methods, including two-way fixed effect, instrumental variable method, and Driscoll-Kraay standard error. It investigates the influence of digital technology on energy efficiency and its internal mechanism from single factor and all factor levels.
Result:
The results show that Digital technology, represented by industrial robots, significantly improves energy efficiency, whether measured by the energy consumption intensity of GDP or the total-factor energy efficiency estimated using the SBM-GML model. The results still hold even after conducting endogeneity tests and robustness tests. Digital technology can improve energy efficiency by increasing virtual industrial agglomeration and promoting outward foreign direct investment.
Discussion:
In addition to promoting the theoretical understanding of the impact of digital technology on energy efficiency and exploring its mechanism, this paper also provides empirical evidence for policy makers and enterprises to formulate effective measures and strategies to improve energy efficiency under the background of digital economy.
Abstract
Background
High level of perceived stress may result in negative effects both psychologically and physically on individuals and may predispose onset of mental disorders such as depression, ...anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. However, there is no suitable intervention for it. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) studies have shown its therapeutic efficacy in treatment resistant patients with stress-related disorders. Here we describe an exploratory study protocol to investigate the effect of the intervention for the individuals with high level of stress.
Method
This is a single blinded, randomized sham-controlled trial, targeting at young healthy adults aging from 18 to 24 years old. Forty eligible volunteers will be recruited and randomly divided into active and sham rTMS group. All subjects will take a set of neuropsychological and biological assessments and MRI scanning before and right after the intervention. During the interventional period, 12-session stimulations will be performed in 4 weeks with three sessions per week. The primary outcome will detect the difference of Chinese 14-item perceived stress scales between active and sham rTMS groups after intervention. Secondary outcomes will examine the differences of other affective measurements, level of cortisol, and MRI-derived neural functional measures between the two groups after intervention.
Discussion
This trial aims to examine the effect of the 12-session rTMS intervention on individuals with high level of perceived stress. Positive or negative findings from any of the outcome measures would further our understanding of the efficacy of the stimulation and its neural impact. If effective, it would provide an evidence for a new treatment for high perceived stress.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (
ChiCTR1900027662
). Registered on 23 November 2019. And all items of the WHO Trial Registry Data set can be found within the protocol.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Depression is seriously affecting the physical and mental health of young people worldwide. Subthreshold depression, as an early stage of depression, is essential for early prevention and treatment ...of depression. Tai Chi, as a traditional Chinese mind-body therapy, may become an alternative intervention. However, the neurophysiological mechanism of Tai Chi for young people with subthreshold depression remains unclear, restricting its further promotion and application. Therefore, rigorous randomized clinical trials are needed to further observe the intervention effect of Tai Chi on young adults with subthreshold depression and explore the neurophysiological mechanism.
This report describes a two-arm, randomized, parallel controlled trial with allocation concealment and assessor blinding. A total of 64 eligible participants are randomly allocated to the Tai Chi group and the waiting list group in a 1:1 ratio. Participants in the Tai Chi group receive 12 weeks of Tai Chi training, with a total of 36 times and each for 60 min. Specifically, the participants in the waiting list group are requested to maintain their routine lifestyle. In this study, the primary outcome measure is the mean change in scores on the PHQ-9 and HAMD-17 between baseline and 12 weeks; the secondary outcomes are the mean change in the scores on CES-D, CPSS, GAD-7, and PSQI. Besides, the saliva cortisol levels and fMRI are monitored to explore the mechanism of action of Tai Chi on subthreshold depression.
The protocol uses a randomized controlled trial to examine the effectiveness of Tai Chi for young adults with subthreshold depression and explore neurophysiological mechanisms. If the test results are positive, it can be verified that Tai Chi can promote the physical and mental health of young adults with subthreshold depression.
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900028289 . Registered on 17 December 2019.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Milk proteins are prone to changes during the heat treatment process. Here, we aimed to study the changes in caprine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins with three heat treatment ...processes—ultra-pasteurization (85 °C, 30 min), ultra-high-temperature instant sterilization (135 °C, 5 s), and spray-drying (inlet, 160 °C and outlet, 80 °C)—using the label-free proteomics technique. A total of 1015, 637, 508, and 738 proteins were identified in the raw milk, ultra-pasteurized milk, ultra-high-temperature instant sterilized milk, and spray-dried reconstituted milk by using label-free proteomics techniques, respectively. Heat treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the relative intensity of MFGM proteins, such as xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase, butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A, stomatin, and SEA domain-containing protein, which mainly come from the membrane, while the proteins in skimmed milk, such as β-lactoglobulin, casein, and osteopontin, increased in MFGM after heat treatment. Among these different heat treatment groups, the procedure of spray-drying resulted in the least abundance reduction of caprine milk MFGM proteins. Additionally, it showed heating is the key process affecting the stability of caprine MFGM protein rather than the spray-drying process. These findings provide new insights into the effects of heat treatment on caprine MFGM protein composition and potential biological functions.
IntroductionNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is an inflammatory and heterogeneous astrocyte disorder of the central nervous system with the characteristic of higher incidence in women ...and Asian people. Most patients with NMOSD have a course of recurrence and remission that is prone to cause paralysis and blindness. Several studies have confirmed the efficacy and promising prospect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in the treatment of NMOSD. Yet its therapeutic effect and safety are controversial. Although there has been two published literature that is relevant to the topic of this study, both of them have certain defects, and they can only provide answers about the efficacy or safety of MMF in the treatment of NMOSD from partial perspectives or conclusions. This research aims to perform a direct and comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate MMF’s effectiveness and safety in treating NMOSD.Methods and analysisThis systematic review will cover all comparative researches, from randomised controlled trials to cohort studies, and case–control study. A relevant literature search will be conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from their inception to 31 June 2020. We will also search registers of clinical trials, potential grey literature and abstracts from conferences. There are no limits on language and publication status. The reporting quality and risk of bias will be assessed by two researchers independently. Expanded Disability Status Scales and annualised relapse rate will be evaluated as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes will consist of the frequency and severity of adverse events, best-corrected visual acuity, relapse-free rate and time to the next attack. A meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan V.5.3 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration and Stata V.12.0.Ethics and disseminationBecause the data used for this systematic review will be exclusively extracted from published studies, ethical approval and informed consent of patients will not be required. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences and will be shared on social media platforms.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020164179.
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