Abstract
Health literacy is a public health priority which refers to individual’s knowledge, motivation and competence to access, understand, appraise and apply health information to prevent disease ...and promote health in daily life. This study aimed to adapt European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47) into Turkish and to investigate its psychometric properties. The questionnaire was translated into Turkish by using both group translation and expert opinion methods. Forward translation–back translation method was used for language validity and the final Turkish version (HLS-TR) was formed. HLS-EU-Q47 and Health Awareness Scale (HAS) were administered to 505 respondents. The scale reliability was examined using Crohnbach’s alpha coefficient and the construct validity was assessed by principal axis factoring procedure. The convergent validity was obtained by Pearson correlation coefficients between HLS-TR and HAS scores and discriminant validity was examined comparing the scores of participants who were stratified according to ages, educational status, gender, general health status and social status. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole scale was 0.95. Principal axis factoring extracted nine factors which eigenvalues were >1 and explained 50.01% of total variance. Factor matrix displayed that all items gave greater load in factor 1, showing that health literacy measured with one factor. Positive and significant correlation was found between HLS-TR and HAS. Significant relations were found between HLS-TR scores and selected determinants of health. This study revealed that the HLS-TR was a valid and reliable measuring instrument with appropriate psychometric characteristics.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Recent studies reveal that the work and family life conflicts result in high levels of stress and in low levels of job and life satisfaction in employees. Also, they showed that there are ...correlations between perceived social support and both the intensity of conflicts and the levels of satisfaction. The aims of present study were to investigate the correlations between these variables, and the impacts of work stress, perceived social support and job and life satisfaction on work-family life conflicts. The study was conducted by surveying 316 hotel employees who were employed at the various departments of five-star hotels in Kuşadası and İstanbul. Pearson correlation analyses and simple linear regression analyses were used for statistical testing. A significant positive correlation was found between conflict variables and work stress however; negative correlations were obtained between conflict variables and both social support and satisfaction measures. A series of linear regression analyses revealed that family-work conflict, job and life satisfaction were the significant predictors of work-family conflict and, work-family conflict and work stress were the significant as predictors of family-work conflict. Problematic family conflicts and low level work- life satisfaction have increased the work-family conflicts. The high-level work-family conflict and work stress also cause a family-work conflict.
The associations of individualistic versus collectivistic value orientations with suicidal ideation and attempts, attitudes towards suicide and towards suicidal individuals, and psychological ...distress were investigated across 12 nations (
= 5572 university students). We expected differential associations of value orientations with suicidal behavior and moderating effects of the prevailing value orientations in the various countries. Findings showed that intermediate levels of individualism appeared protective against suicide attempts across all investigated nations, but that, otherwise, there seemingly are no universal associations of individualism and collectivism with suicidal behaviors. High collectivism was associated with less suicidal ideation only in individualistic countries. Low individualism appeared to be a risk factor for suicidal ideation specifically in Muslim collectivistic cultures, whereas high individualism in Asian collectivistic cultures. Collectivistic values are uniformly associated with less permissive attitudes to suicide, whereas individualistic values with a more stigmatized view of suicidal behavior. Both individualistic and collectivistic values were associated with socially accepting attitudes to a suicidal peer, helping a suicidal friend, and emotional involvement. The associations of individualistic and collectivistic values with disapproving attitudes to suicidal disclosure were complex. Beliefs in punishment after death for suicide, seeing suicide as mental illness, and emotional involvement with a suicidal friend were lower in high-suicide-rate countries. These evidence patterns are discussed in the light of related research evidence, along with directions for future research in this area.
Psychology is a scientific field in which bilateral development has been experienced such that in one side the distance between its sub-fields is rising, in the other side the proximity of some ...sub-fields is increasing. Some developments gradually directed the two comprehensive areas of psy-chology, social psychology and clinical psychology towards separate ways although historically at the beginning they had been closed to each other. However, the interface between them has regained strength since the 90’s. The goal of the present paper was to reveal the interface between social and clinical psychology, and specifically investigate the case in Turkey. For this aim, firstly, the historical developments of relations between the areas of social and clinical psychology were overviewed, and the field of clinical social psychology was introduced. Then, in order to clarify the status of the interface in Turkey, the articles addressing Turkey published in The Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, and the studies in The Turkish Journal of Psychology published in the 20 years between 1997 and 2016 were searched. Surveying has been conducted using the keywords (causal attributions, social perception, social cognition, attitudes, social influence, self-disclosure, self-presentation, interpersonal relations, aggression, prosocial behavior, group processes, self, emotions) relating to the topics of interface between social and clinical psychology. The studies were evaluated in terms of their subject matters, methodology, and sample characteristics. The picture of clinical social psychology in Turkey reflected that the number of studies relating to this field was limited and, the graduate programs in social psychology and clinical psychology seemed to keep away from one another. The possible reasons of the present situation were discussed, and the attempts were proposed in order to guide the progress toward clinical social psychology in the future.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
6.
Klinik sosyal psikolojiye doğru Harlak, Hacer
Klinik psikoloji dergisi : (Online),
2019, Aralık 2019, Volume:
3, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Open access
Psychology is a scientific field in which bilateral development has been experienced such that in one side the distance between its sub-fields is rising, in the other side the proximity of some ...subfields is increasing. Some developments gradually directed the two comprehensive areas of psychology, social psychology and clinical psychology towards separate ways although historically at the beginning they had been closed to each other. However, the interface between them has regained strength since the 90’s. The goal of the present paper was to reveal the interface between
social and clinical psychology, and specifically investigate the case in Turkey. For this aim, firstly, the historical developments of relations between the areas of social and clinical psychology were overviewed, and the field of clinical social psychology was introduced. Then, in order to clarify the status of the interface in Turkey, the articles addressing Turkey published in The Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, and the studies in The Turkish Journal of Psychology published in the 20 years between 1997 and 2016 were searched. Surveying has been conducted using the keywords (causal attributions, social perception, social cognition, attitudes, social influence, self-disclosure, self presentation, interpersonal relations, aggression, prosocial behavior, group processes, self, emotions) relating to the topics of interface between social and clinical psychology. The studies were evaluated in terms of their subject matters, methodology, and sample characteristics. The picture of clinical social psychology in Turkey reflected that the number of studies relating to this field was limited and, the graduate programs in social psychology and clinical psychology seemed to keep away from one another. The possible reasons of the present situation were discussed, and the attempts were proposed in order to guide the progress toward
clinical social psychology in the future.
Based on their cultural orientation, people display approving/disapproving attitudes to suicide/suicidal persons that may be seen as either phenomenon excluding or person excluding. We tested whether ...cultural value orientations and suicidal attitudes were related to beliefs in the efficacy of excluding the phenomenon versus the person for preventing suicide. A total of 857 Turkish university students responded to a survey that include measures of cultural orientation, prevention beliefs related to phenomenon exclusion and person exclusion, and suicide related attitudes. While participants with an individualistic value orientation reported person exclusion to be more effective in preventing suicide, participants with a collectivistic orientation believed phenomenon exclusion to be more effective. Permissive attitudes to suicide were inversely related to beliefs in the effectiveness of phenomenon exclusion but positively to beliefs in the effectiveness of person exclusion for preventing suicide, but the magnitude of the relationships was low. While phenomenon exclusion was positively related to the social acceptance of and helping for a suicidal peer, the opposite was true for person exclusion prevention beliefs (The magnitude of the relationships was low to medium). Participants who attempted suicide believed less in the efficacy of phenomenon exclusion in preventing suicide than those who did not report any suicide attempts. Our findings imply that culture‐sensitive prevention efforts in contexts and individuals with an individualistic value orientation may target reducing the stigma surrounding suicidal persons, but in contexts and individuals with a collectivistic value orientation, they may target decreasing the stigma surrounding the phenomenon of suicide itself.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of attending a course on Aging Psychology on decreasing ageism and aging anxiety and increasing knowledge of and interest in working with ...older adults among undergraduate psychology students.
Materials and Method: The study participants included 160 college students aged between 19 and 30. A questionnaire including “the Facts on Aging Quiz”, “the Anxiety about Aging Scale”, “the Fraboni Scale of Ageism”, a question of interest in working with older adults, and a Sociodemographic Information Form was administered at the beginning and end of the semester to two groups of students enrolled in two courses, namely, Aging Psychology and Introduction to Developmental Psychology II.
Results: Analyses partially supported the study hypotheses: Over the semester, ageism declined, whereas knowledge of aging increased. Ageist attitudes of participants who completed the Aging Psychology course declined more than those who completed the Introduction to Developmental Psychology II course. In addition, the level of knowledge of the participants who completed the Aging Psychology course significantly increased at the end of the semester, whereas that of the participants who completed the Introduction to Developmental Psychology II course did not change. The two groups of participants did not differ in aging anxiety and working interests with older adults over the semester.
Conclusion: Interventions in the level of knowledge on aging and the elderly through college courses increase the level of knowledge about aging and decrease ageist attitudes.
Keywords: Ageism; Attitude; Knowledge; Anxiety; Students.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study investigated the prevalence of suicidal behavior and psychological distress in university students across 12 nations. A total of 5,572 university students from 12 countries were surveyed ...about suicide ideation, suicide attempts, and psychological distress by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Almost 29% of the samples reported having contemplated suicide and 7% reported attempting suicide. Of the total sample, 51.1% scored above the General Health Questionnaire-12 ≥ 3 cut-off points, 41.6% above the GHQ-12 ≥ 4 cut-off points, and 33.8% scored above the GHQ-12 ≥ 5 cut-off points. While odds of suicide ideation were elevated in Austria and the UK, reduced ORs were detected for China, Italy, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Turkey. Similarly, while odds of suicide attempt were high in Jordan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, and to some extent in Turkey, reduced ORs were observed for Austria, China, Italy, Japan and the United States. Elevated ORs for psychological distress were seen in Japan, Jordan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Turkey but reduced ORs were noted in Austria, China, Iran, Italy, and the United States. Psychological distress was strongly associated with reports of suicide ideation and attempts. Suicide ideation, suicide attempt, and psychological distress are common in university students but their rates vary depending on the sociocultural context. Due attention should be devoted to the mental health needs of young adults enrolled in higher educational institutions and more cross-cultural research is warranted to better understand the etiology of the observed intersocietal variations in suicidal behavior and psychological distress.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
