In the last decade there have been many initiatives and projects that have dealt with open educational resources with the goal of making education more available and also of improving formal ...educational practices. The Erasmus+ project Digital Education for Crisis Situations: Times When There Is No Alternative is such an initiative and one of its planned intellectual outputs is to produce a new open educational resource on the preservation of analogue and digital materials. Planning and creating an open educational resource on preservation needs to be based on an understanding of the content that comprises the complex field of preservation. This also provides the basis for conducting research on the available open educational resources in this field. This article aims to provide an overview of the available open educational resources on preservation through an investigation of open educational resource platforms, finding open educational resources on preservation, and analysing them according to the theoretical background on preservation. This provides an understanding of what kinds of open educational resources exist in the field of preservation and also informs the way a new open educational resource should be created.
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Cilj. Cilj je rada razrada teorijskog okvira očuvanja legata s posebnim osvrtom na specifičnosti koje nalazimo u knjižnicama. Svrha je rada stvaranje teorijsko-metodološkog polazišta za daljnja ...istraživanja kojima će biti moguće dobiti sveobuhvatniji uvid u stanje očuvanja legata u knjižnicama u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Pristup/metodologija/dizajn. U radu je razrađen teorijski pregled najvažnijih tema u okviru problematike očuvanja legata u knjižnicama. Prikazan je pregled relevantne literature pri čemu je poseban fokus stavljen na razmatranja terminoloških i pravnih pitanja te problematiku očuvanja, obrade, organizacije i smještaja legata u knjižnicama kao i pitanja njihova vrednovanja i uporabe.
Rezultati. Na temelju teorijskih razmatranja dobiven je uvid u percepciju legata kao vrijednosti i za knjižnicu i za širu lokalnu zajednicu. Sveobuhvatno je definiran pojam legata u knjižnicama s čitavoga niza gledišta, a poseban naglasak stavljen je na moguće prepreke i probleme s kojima se susreću knjižničari u radu s ovim posebnim zbirkama. Razmatrana je problematika legata kroz različite aspekte upravljanja zaštitom što je rezultiralo definiranjem sveobuhvatnog teorijskog okvira očuvanja legata u knjižnicama.
Ograničenja. Problematika legata, njihove organizacije i očuvanja u RH nije do sada sustavno istraživana. Prepreke u radu s legatima najčešće su vidljive kroz raspršene podatke o zbirkama i/ili nepostojanje evidencije baštinskih zbirki na nacionalnoj razini. Također je u velikoj mjeri prisutna i neobrađenost zbirki zbog nedostatka osoblja, financijskih i prostornih ograničenja, a što za rezultat ima nedostupnost građe za korisnike, te neprepoznatost legata kao vrijednosti na institucionalnoj, regionalnoj i nacionalnoj razini.
Praktična primjena. Rad treba promatrati kao temeljni doprinos sustavnom promišljanju legata u knjižnicama, njihovoj organizaciji te očuvanju i prezentaciji u kontekstu kulturne baštine kao jednog osobito značajnog dijela kulturne baštine.
Originalnost/vrijednost. Mogući su različiti pristupi obradi, organizaciji, pohrani i dostupnosti legata u knjižnicama. U radu je prikazan teorijski okvir očuvanja legata i najvažniji podaci o njihovu upravljanju i organizaciji. Razrada teorijskog okvira očuvanja legata u knjižnicama predstavlja polazište za daljnje sveobuhvatno i sustavno istraživanje legata kao vrlo važnog dijela cjelokupnog korpusa naše kulturne baštine. Pri tome se valja osobito usmjeriti na pitanja implementacije učinkovitih rješenja u knjižničnoj praksi.
The traditional life cycle of books has gone through many changes in the digital environment - enough to start questioning the effects of such changes on the process of creating, publishing, ...distributing, reading and preserving books. This paper focuses on issues concerning the preservation and archiving of published authors’ works in the digital environment for the purpose of their long-term accessibility. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of relevant legal, technical, societal and organisational issues from which challenges, obstacles and responsibilities in ensuring long-term accessibility of e-books arise. Issues related to authorship, editions, changes in content, copyright and digital rights management, selection criteria for preservation, and preservation responsibility will be discussed, specifically focusing on libraries’ and publishers’ roles in this process. The paper is based on a literature review and content analysis aiming to answer two basic research questions: What specific characteristics of e-books influence their preservation possibilities? Who is responsible for long-term accessibility of e-books?
Purpose - This paper aims to explore a theoretical and methodological approach to preservation management in libraries, relying on the basic presumption that preservation is a complex and ...comprehensive process that involves many different and seemingly diverse aspects whose efficiency lies in preservation management.Design methodology approach - Using a case study of Croatia, the paper describes a methodology for exploring the general preservation management context and presents a preservation management model that comprises five key components.Findings - The paper offers insight into preservation management issues in a specific national context.Research limitations implications - Although this paper focuses primarily on written heritage in libraries, it is applicable to other types of heritage and to other types of information institutions.Practical implications - The theoretical and methodological approach presented in this paper and described in the example of Croatia can be useful for exploring similar issues in other countries. It can be expanded to other types and forms of heritage and heritage institutions.Originality value - The paper describes a model of organising preservation activities into an efficient and successful preservation system, and establishes a methodology for exploring diverse preservation issues on national and institutional levels.
The preservation of newspapers is the main topic of this paper. A theoretical overview of newspaper preservation is given, with an emphasis on the importance of a systematic and comprehensive ...approach. Efficient newspaper preservation implies understanding the meaning of preservation in general, as well as understanding specific approaches, methods and techniques that are included in newspaper preservation concepts. A project-oriented organization of newspaper preservation is explained by showing some examples of good practice in the field. The paper also aims to show approaches to preservation of Croatian newspapers, to outline major developments and to put Croatian initiatives into the general context of managing newspaper preservation.
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Cilj. Pisana je baština jedna od najzastupljenijih pojavnosti kulturne baštine u arhivima, knjižnicama i muzejima te se u njenim vrijednostima, posebice informacijskoj, krije potencijal za ...organizaciju aktivnosti kojima se podiže razina osviještenosti javnosti i razumijevanja pisane baštine. Organizacija takvih aktivnosti treba proizlaziti iz nepristrane analize pisane baštine čiji je rezultat objektivan opis sadržaja i vrijednosti pisane baštine na kojemu se trebaju temeljiti aktivnosti interpretacije pisane baštine namijenjene široj javnosti ili pak ciljanoj korisničkoj skupini. Cilj rada je prepoznati područja znanja koja informacijski stručnjaci trebaju posjedovati kako bi bili u mogućnosti interpretirati pisanu baštinu.
Metodologija. Pretpostavka je da informacijski stručnjaci koji su u dodiru s pisanom baštinom, trebaju posjedovati znanja s područja izgradnje i organizacije zbirki, upravljanja zaštitom kulturne baštine, organizacijom usluga za korisnike, istraživačkog rada i komunikacije kako bi bili osposobljeni za stvaranje objektivnog korpusa znanja o pisanoj baštini. Pregledom literature i razmatranjem navedenih područja, stručnog osoblja arhiva, knjižnica i muzeja te ICOMOS-ovih načela interpretacije i prezentacije baštine izdvojena su i analizirana zajednička područja znanja primjenjiva i na interpretaciju pisane baštine.
Rezultati. Informacijski stručnjaci posjeduju preduvjete za provođenje aktivnosti interpretacije pisane baštine, no te je preduvjete potrebno nadograditi kako bi aktivnosti bile smislene i učinkovite. Temeljna je znanja potrebno proširiti poznavanjem pojma interpretacije pisane baštine i svime što obuhvaća počevši od pojma pisane baštine sve do istraživačkog rada i komunikacije.
Praktična primjena. Donesena razmatranja i zaključci važni su za prepoznavanje područja znanja i vještina potrebnih za učinkovitu interpretaciju pisane baštine te predstavljaju temelj za daljnja istraživanja i promišljanja o kompetencijama potrebnim za interpretaciju pisane baštine.
Originalnost. Rad razmatra koncept interpretacije pisane baštine, poglavito one o kojoj skrbe knjižnice, arhivi i muzeji, te na temelju već poznatih načela interpretacije kulturne baštine, donosi prijedlog temeljnih znanja potrebnih za učinkovitu interpretaciju pisane baštine pohranjene u baštinskim ustanovama.
Groundwater in the Eastern Croatia, as well in the South-eastern Hungary, contains relatively high concentrations of arsenic that can cause chronic toxicity to humans. Therefore, the aim to find an ...effective composite adsorbent that can be applied for arsenic water remediation by introducing it in the groundwater treatment is very important. The presented results were obtained using layered double hydroxide (LDH) as a sorbing system. MgAl LDH samples with a Mg:Al molar ratio of 2:1 were synthesized. Adsorption of arsenic anions from groundwater samples from Eastern Croatia, as well as adsorption of model aquatic arsenic sample solutions, on MgAl layered double hydroxide was investigated. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was used for determination of arsenic concentration after adsorption. It was shown that in both cases the adsorption process could be interpreted in terms of Kroeker adsorption isotherm regardless to the presence of other ions in the groundwater. Additionally, the influence of phosphate concentration on adsorption of model arsenic samples was examined and it was shown that (at least in examined range of arsenic and phosphate concentration) there is no significant influence of phosphate on adsorption of arsenic. (doi: 10.5562/cca2283) Keywords: arsenic, groundwater, MgAl layered double hydroxide, ICP-AES, Kroeker isotherm
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Written heritage preservation is a complex field that requires a holistic approach reflected in the model of comprehensive written heritage preservation management. Model encompasses key issues ...through five key aspects, namely strategic and theoretical, economic and legal, educational, technical and operational and cultural and social aspect. Designing an OER in this field needs to include its complexity to present the content more efficiently and purposefully to the intended end-user. To be able to achieve that end goal, it is necessary to adapt the content for the online environment. Considering the concepts within the term preservation, authors propose the creation of the content framework that can facilitate and guide the effective creation of OERs in the field of written heritage preservation. Framework includes content areas derived from the key issues defined in each aspect of comprehensive written heritage preservation management model. These considerations combined with Bloom's taxonomy result in a quality basis for selecting appropriate educational digital tools that enable the creation of an OER specific to the field of preservation.
Brewers' spent grain (BSG), a lignocellulosic waste material, was evaluated as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of synthetic dyes methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions in ...a batch process. Characterisation of the BSG was performed by chemical analysis, FTIR and SEM. The effects of contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent particle size, adsorbent concentration and pH on the adsorption process were investigated. High removal of both dyes ranging from 70 to over 90% was achieved. It was shown that in both cases (MB and CR adsorption) the process could be interpreted in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The kinetics of the adsorption process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model. The results indicated the potential use of BSG as a low-cost adsorbent for MB and CR dye removal from aqueous solutions. Keywords: adsorption, brewers' spent grain, Congo red, lignocellulose, methylene blue, synthetic dyes removal.
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Introduction: The paper explains how the modern understanding of authorship developed and sets out the problems to be considered when discussing digital authorship. Method: The contextual analysis of ...contents of the key themes is employed; in the articulation of the conclusions, analytic and synthetic approaches are used. Results: At each turning point, a new layer, immanent to the modern concept, was assigned to authorship. Reference is made to changes reflecting the specifics of digital authorship, emphasising the context conditioning the position of author and the attitude to an authorial work. Conclusions: A digital author is more independent of a publisher; the work is more visible; attention is directed at the work at the expense of its medium. However, digital authors own material and moral rights to the work, which are international, while their position is made relative and re-examined. The behaviour of authors, the possibilities of publishing and accessing the work and the paradigm of preserving a work are changing in the digital environment. This paper was published as part of: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science, Copenhagen, Denmark, 19-22 August, 2013.
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