Response to the Letter to the Editor Beck, Randy; Fox, Marina; Holt, Kelly ...
Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics,
6/2005, Volume:
28, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, VSZLJ
Abstract
Eyespots (color patterns resembling eyes) are present in many taxa and often have important ecological functions. In some taxa, potential functions of eyespots have not been extensively ...examined, as is the case with pygmy-owls (Glaucidium spp.), many of which bear a conspicuous eye-like pattern on their nape. Using wooden replicas of Northern Pygmy-Owls (G. gnoma), with and without eyespots, we tested one potential function: whether eyespots affect mobbing behaviors of small forest birds. We measured the orientation of mobbing behaviors (where birds perched and flew at the model) and intensity of mobbing bouts (duration of bouts and number of mobbing individuals). Eyespots affected the most proximal behavior, close passing (flights directly at the model, resulting in an approach within 0.5 m). When eyespots were present, mobbers shifted away from eyespots, providing the first empirical evidence for a link between eyespots and avian mobbing.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
CPRT Preadolescent Model Ceballos, Peggy L.; Carnes-Holt, Kara; Meany, Kristin K.
Child-Parent Relationship Therapy (CPRT) Treatment Manual,
2020
Book Chapter
This chapter provides an overview of the Child-Parent Relationship Therapy-Preadolescent protocol for parents of children ages 9 to 13 years. Preadolescence is a developmental phase in which youth ...are transitioning from childhood into adolescence and might be referred to as early adolescents, preteens, or tweens. A basic human need is belonging and acceptance. The balancing act of polarizing expectations and experiences might increase their shift in moods and self-esteem. Preadolescents’ bodies begin to grow upward and outward as they become taller and stronger. Their bodies begin to appear more similar to that of adults—growth of pubic and underarm hair, and widening of shoulders in boys and hips in girls. Girls may also experience their first menstrual cycle and develop breasts, and boys may start to grow facial hair, although boys typically mature later in life than girls. A combination of age, gender, timing of puberty, and hormonal development increase the heightened emotional reactions characterizing preadolescence.
The federal government has maintained a student loan program since the 1960s, and since the early 1990s the program has been available to all undergraduate, subbaccalaureate, and graduate students ...without regard to family income. Since 2006, graduate students have been able to use the program to fi nance the entire cost of their educations as determined by the institution they attend (in any program, for any credential, and including living expenses) without limit (Deficit Reduction Act of 2005).
From a federal policy perspective, a government loan program is a logical tool to help ensure that people can obtain a postsecondary
PDF
