► There was a significant decrease in OP TMF lives compared to LCF lives. ► OP TMF condition was found to accelerate surface crack initiation and propagation. ► The localized twins provided a ...preferential crack path during OP TMF cycling. ► LCF deformation appears to be more largely dependent on the diffusion. ► OP TMF deformation appears to be dominated by {1
1
1}〈1
1
2〉 partial dislocation movement.
The cyclic deformation and lifetime behaviors of a single crystal nickel-based superalloy CMSX-4 have been investigated under out-of-phase thermomechanical fatigue (OP TMF) and isothermal low cycle fatigue (LCF) conditions. OP TMF life exhibited less than a half of LCF life although smaller inelastic strain range and lower mean stress level during OP TMF were observed compared to those during LCF. During OP TMF cycling, the maximum tensile strain at the minimum temperature was found to accelerate the surface crack initiation and propagation. Additionally, the multiple groups of parallel twin plates near crack provided a preferential path for crack propagation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of interleukin-17 in the development of gastric cancer through NF-κB signaling pathway. Methods Thirty patients with gastric cancer in Wuwei Cancer ...Hospital of Gansu province and 30 control individuals who had physical examination in the hospital at the same time were selected. The expression of IL-17,IL-6 and IL-8 in serum of patients with gastric cancer and control was detected by ELISA.The pathological changes of gastric cancer were observed by microscopy with HE staining; Immunohisto-chemistry method was used to detect the expression of IL-17, NF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 in gastric cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and gastric tissues far from cancer tissues.The expressions of IL-17, NF-κB p65, pNF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 in gastric cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and gastric tissues far from cancer tissues were detected by Western blot. Results IL-17, IL-6 and IL-8 were up-regulated in serum of gastric cancer patients compared with healthy controls group(P＜0.
Separating taxonomic position of genus Lateolabrax into sea bass, L. japonicus and spotted sea bass has been proposed based on the absence or presence of dots on the lateral body region. The ...objective of this study is to clarify the cytogenetic features of two forms including karyotypes and cellular DNA contents. Overall morphology of chromosomes of sea bass was similar to that of spotted sea bass except the shape of only two satellites at fifth pair of acrocentrics which could be found in sea bass.
Odontoblasts function as mechanosensory receptors because of the expression of
mechanosensitive channels in these cells. However, it is unclear if odontoblasts
direct the signal transmission evoked ...by heat/cold or osmotic changes. This study
investigated the effects of heat/cold or osmotic changes on calcium signaling and the
functional expression of the thermo/mechanosensitive transient receptor potential
(TRP) channels in primary cultured mouse odontoblastic cells, with the use of RT-PCR,
fluorometric calcium imaging, and electrophysiology. TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, and
TRPM3 mRNA was expressed, but TRPM8 and TRPA1 mRNA was not. The receptor-specific
stimulation of TRPV1-3 (heat-sensing receptors) and TRPV4/ TRPM3 (mechanic receptors)
caused increases in the intracellular calcium concentration. Moreover, the channel
activities of TRPV1-4 and TRPM3 were confirmed by a whole-cell patch-clamp technique.
These results suggest that primary cultured mouse odontoblasts express
heat/mechanosensitive TRP channels and play a role in the underlying mechanisms of
thermo/mechanosensitive sensory transmission.
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CMK, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The dynamic features of the low-intermediate-high-(L-I-H) confinement transitions on HL-2A tokamak are presented. Here we report the discovery of two types of limit cycles (dubbed type-Y and type-J), ...which show opposite temporal ordering between the radial electric field and turbulence intensity. In type-Y, which appears first after an L-I transition, the turbulence grows first, followed by the localized electric field. In contrast, the electric field leads type-J. The turbulence-induced zonal flow and pressure-gradient-induced drift play essential roles in the two types of limit cycles, respectively. The condition of transition between types-Y and -J is studied in terms of the normalized radial electric field. An I-H transition is demonstrated to occur only from type-J.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
In the present investigation, we report a sustainable novel green synthetic strategy to synthesis zinc oxide nanocrystals. This is the first report on sustainable biosynthesis of zinc oxide ...nanocrystals employing Nephelium lappaceum L., peel extract as a natural ligation agent. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanocrystals was carried out via zinc-ellagate complex formation using rambutan peel wastes. The successful formation of zinc oxide nanocrystals was confirmed employing standard characterisation studies. A possible mechanism for the formation of ZnO nanocrystals with rambutan peel extract was also proposed. The prepared ZnO nanocrystals were coated on the cotton fabric and their antibacterial activity were analyzed. ZnO nanocrystals coated cotton showed good antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli (E. coli), gram negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), gram positive bacteria.
The possible mechanism of a novel green synthetic strategy for the successful formation of zinc oxide nanocrystals using Nephelium lappaceum L., peel extract. Display omitted
•Sustainable novel green synthetic strategy to synthesis zinc oxide nanocrystals•ZnO nanocrystals using rambutan peel wastes via zinc-ellagate complex formation•Possible mechanism of ZnO formation with rambutan peel extract has predicted•Green perspective ligation agents usage and reutilise biological waste material•ZnO nanocrystals employing Nephelium lappaceum L., peel is not yet predicted
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of once‐daily tacrolimus formulation (Tac‐OD) were assessed in 34 stable pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Enrolled patients received their dose of ...twice‐daily tacrolimus formulation (Tac‐BID) on study Days 0 through 7. On the morning of study Day 8, the total daily doses for patients were converted to Tac‐OD on a 1:1 basis and maintained on a once‐daily morning dosing regimen. Tacrolimus pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained on study Days 7, 14 and 28 (after dose adjustment). Although the mean C0 concentrations (4.10 ± 1.16–3.53 ± 1.10 ng/mL, p = 0.004), and AUC0–24 (151.8 ± 41.6–129.8 ± 39.3 ng h/mL, p < 0.001) were decreased significantly after a 1:1 based conversion, there was high interindividual variability. The dose of Tac‐OD was decreased in 26.5% and increased in 44.1% of patients. The resultant tacrolimus dose and pharmacokinetic profiles on study Day 28 were comparable to those on Day 7. There were no serious adverse events. In conclusion, Tac‐BID can be safely converted to Tac‐OD in stable pediatric kidney transplant patients with the heightened therapeutic drug monitoring. Effects of drug conversion on the cardiovascular risk factors, neurological side effects and adherence should be further evaluated.
This study highlights that the conversion of twice‐daily tacrolimus to once‐daily tacrolimus formulation results in highly variable changes in pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus in stable pediatric kidney transplant patients.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
ABSTRACT
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella serotypes isolated from 7 chicken meat brands produced by different integrated broiler operations in Korea were determined. In ...total, 210 samples were collected from retail supermarkets in Seoul, South Korea, and analyzed for the presence of Salmonella. Of 210 chicken meat samples, overall Salmonella prevalence was 22.4%. Salmonella Enteritidis was the dominant serovar, with an isolation rate of 57.4% from the Salmonella-positive chickens, followed by Salmonella Montevideo. Salmonella isolates frequently were resistant to various antibiotics, including 100% to erythromycin, 87% to cephalothin, 85% to nalidixic acid, and 70% to streptomycin. Of the 47 isolates, 41 (87.2%) isolates were resistant to 3 or more antibiotics. Moreover, the Salmonella profiles of each chicken meat brand were different by broiler operation. Brand A showed the highest prevalence of Salmonella (18 isolates, 60%), whereas brand G showed the lowest prevalence (one isolate, 3.3%). Eight among the 18 isolates of brand A were resistant to 11 antibiotics, whereas 5 of the 6 brand C isolates were resistant to only 2 antibiotics. This study demonstrates that a high proportion of chicken meat in Korea is contaminated with Salmonella and the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella of chicken meat differ significantly according to the integrated broiler operation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract
Dye arrays from dimers up to larger oligomers constitute the functional units of natural light harvesting systems as well as organic photonic and photovoltaic materials. Whilst in the past ...decades many photophysical studies were devoted to molecular dimers for deriving structure-property relationship to unravel the design principles for ideal optoelectronic materials, they fail to accomplish the subsequent processes of charge carrier generation or the detachment of two triplet species in singlet fission (SF). Here, we present a slip-stacked perylene bisimide trimer, which constitutes a bridge between hitherto studied dimer and solid-state materials, to investigate SF mechanisms. This work showcases multiple pathways towards the multiexciton state through direct or excimer-mediated mechanisms by depending upon interchromophoric interaction. These results suggest the comprehensive role of the exciton coupling, exciton delocalization, and excimer state to facilitate the SF process. In this regard, our observations expand the fundamental understanding the structure-property relationship in dye arrays.
The creep deformation of three single crystal Ni-based superalloys with various Ru contents has been investigated to clarify the effect of Ru additions at very high temperatures and low stresses ...conditions. The creep properties were significantly improved by Ru additions under the conditions of 1150°C/100MPa and 1180°C/70MPa. It is noted that obvious γ′ phase dissolution occurs during the entire creep deformation at very high temperatures. It differs from the typical high-temperature creep curves that a short incubation period occurs before the primary creep stage during the creep deformation at very high temperatures. Ru additions are able to produce denser interfacial dislocation networks and improve the stability and homogeneous configuration of interfacial dislocations; and promote the high-temperature stability of γ′ phase and formation of perfect γ′ rafting. It is thus shown that Ru additions reduce the minimum creep rate, and prolong the secondary creep stage accordingly. The topological inversion of γ/γ′ microstructure did not occur under both conditions. The origin of the rapid increase of creep rate is closely relevant to the unstable propagation of micro-cracks in the vicinity of porosity in necked regions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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