Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially acetate, propionate and butyrate, are the end products from the intestinal microbial fermentation of dietary fibers and resistant starch. It has been well ...documented that plasma and colonic SCFAs are associated with metabolic syndromes. Recently, the involvement of SCFAs in energy homeostasis regulation has been extensively studied. The importance of SCFAs on energy metabolism has highlighted the potential of modulating SCFAs as a nutritional target to prevent and counteract metabolism disorders and its associated diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the biological properties of SCFAs with their impact on the energy homeostasis.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Artificially determining the model order is necessary for time domain modal identification, which affects the identification efficiency and accuracy. An automatic identification method is proposed to ...determine the best estimation of the model order. Based on the covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification method (SSI-COV), the singular value decomposition of the Toeplitz matrix is carried out to determine the range of the lower triangular matrix. The similarity coefficient and distance function are introduced to cluster the modes, and the poles of the false modes are removed to obtain the clustering stabilization diagram. The model order is taken as the number of clustering centers of the fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm, and all the poles of the stabilization diagram are clustered to get the modal parameters of each order. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by adopting a thin-walled cylindrical column, a triangular-prism truss in simulation, and a flexible beam in experiment. The robustness of the method is illustrated by adding white noise to the simulated response data. The advantage of the clustering stabilization diagram is demonstrated by comparing with the traditional stabilization diagram.
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•Sono/photodynamic treatment inhibited bacteria growth in shrimp surimi.•Sono/photodynamic treatment altered microbial community during storage.•Sono/photodynamic treatment preserved ...the quality of shrimp surimi.
Shrimp surimi is widely acknowledged as a value-added shrimp product due to its delicious taste, rich flavor, and nutrition. However, the refrigerated shrimp surimi is prone to deterioration due to rapid microbial growth during storage. The present study sought to assess the effects of curcumin-mediated sono/photodynamic treatment on bacterial spoilage and shrimp surimi quality stored at 4 °C. The total viable count (TVC), microbiota composition, and quality parameters, including the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs), and pH were investigated. The results showed that the spoilage bacteria in shrimp surimi rapidly increased with a surge on day 2 during refrigeration storage. The Psychrobacter and Brochothrix were identified as the Specific Spoilage Organisms (SSOs), which were also positively correlated with TVB-N and TBARs. The results further elucidated that the sono/photodynamic treatment could significantly inhibit the growth of SSOs on the surface and interior of shrimp surimi and delay shrimp surimi quality deterioration. In conclusion, the sono/photodynamic treatment as a non-thermal sterilization method could be a reliable and potential method for inactivating spoilage microorganisms and preserving shrimp surimi quality.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are the main sources of foodborne illness outbreaks with implicated pathogens such as
O157:H7,
, and
. This study aimed at investigating the influence of two key ...parameters (concentration of curcumin and illumination time) on the effects of curcumin-based photodynamic sterilization on the preservation of fresh-cut Hami melons. The results indicated that illumination with 50 μmol/L curcumin for 60 min using a blue LED lamp reduced the total aerobic microorganism count by ~1.8 log CFU/g in fresh-cut Hami melons. Besides this, the effects of photodynamic sterilization on the soluble solids content, color, water content, firmness, and sensory indices of the fresh-cut Hami melons were also evaluated. Compared to the control group, photodynamic sterilization can effectively delay the browning rate and maintain the luminosity, firmness, water content, and soluble solids content of fresh-cut Hami melon. The sensory quality was indeed preserved well after 9 days of storage in a fridge. These results showed that photodynamic sterilization is an effective and promising technology to prolong the shelf life of fresh-cut Hami melons.
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Aging has become a global public health challenge. Many studies have revealed that the excessive generation of ROS and oxidative stress could be the major causative factors contributing to aging. In ...this study, R-phycocyanin (R-PC) was isolated from Porphyra haitanensis, and its anti-aging ability was explored by natural aging Drosophila melanogaster and H2O2-induced HUVEC cells as the aging model. Results showed that R-PC α and β subunits expressed have antioxidant activity and can inhibit the generation of radicals, exhibiting a protective effect against H2O2-induced apoptotic HUVEC cells death. R-PC prevented the H2O2-induced HUVEC cell cycle phase arrest by regulating cell cycle-related protein. Furthermore, R-PC prevented the H2O2-induced HUVEC cell cycle phase arrest by regulating cell-cycle-related protein expression. In vivo study also indicated that R-PC significantly increased the survival time and alleviated the oxidative stress of Drosophila melanogaster. Moreover, R-PC notably decreased levels of ROS in natural aging flies and inhibited lipid peroxidation by enhancing the expressions of the endogenous stress marker genes (SOD1, SOD2, CAT of Drosophila melanogaster). Taken together, a study on the antioxidation extract from Porphyra haitanensis, such as R-PC, may open a new window for the prevention of anti-aging.
The current study was aimed to explore the beneficial effects of polysaccharides isolated from Laminaria japonica (LP) on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice. The obtained results demonstrated ...that the LP improved serum biochemical index, body weight index, and glucose tolerance. Furthermore, the evidence also suggested that the beneficial effects of LP might be attributed to the alternation in gut microbiota by LP supplementation. Particularly, the Turicibacter, a short‐chain fatty acids‐producing bacterium, was found to be up‐regulated. In conclusion, the obtained results indicated that the LP might serve as prebiotic, and might have a great potential to be used as food supplementation for GDM patients.
Laminaria japonica polysaccharides (LP) improved serum biochemical index, body weight index, and glucose tolerance in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mice. This beneficial effects of LP could be associated with the alternation in gut microbiota. Particularly, the Turicibacter, a short‐chain fatty acids‐producing bacterium, was found to be up‐regulated by LP supplementation.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
To evaluate the anti‐obesity effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA), the mice were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) upon chlorogenic acid treatment for 6 weeks. The results showed administration of chlorogenic ...acid (150 mg per kg per day) remarkably promoted body loss, reduced lipid levels in plasma and altered mRNA expression of lipogenesis and lipolysis related genes in adipose tissue. Moreover, chlorogenic acid also reversed the HFD‐induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, including significantly inhibiting the growth of Desulfovibrionaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and raising the growth of Bacteroidaceae, Lactobacillaceae. Overall, the amelioration of HFD‐induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by chlorogenic acid may contribute, at least partially, to its beneficial effects on ameliorating HFD‐induced obesity.
Chlorogenic acid in the prevention and treatment of obesity might closely depend on its modulatory effect on gut microbiota.
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•Hairtail peptide increased the exhaustive weight-loaded swimming time.•Hairtail peptide decrease BLA, BUN, CK, MDA content after swimming test.•Hairtail peptide increase glycogen ...content and antioxidant enzymes activities.•Hairtail peptides may improve exercise performance by relieving fatigue.
Hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus) is a nutritious marine product that has attracted increasing attention due to its bioactive compounds. In this study, the anti-fatigue properties of hairtail hydrolysate were evaluated by exhaustive swimming experiments. Results indicate hairtail peptide supplementation increased the exhaustive weight-loaded swimming time. Furthermore, decreases in blood lactic acid (BLA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatine kinase (CK), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content; and increases in glycogen content and antioxidant enzymes activities were observed in mice receiving hairtail peptides treatment after a 30 min swimming test. Pearson correlation analysis suggests fatigue indexes, including energy sources (hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen content), metabolites (BLA and BUN content), and CK content significantly correlated with antioxidant levels (glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities and MDA content) and fecal SCFA content (propionic acid and butyrate acid content). In conclusion, long-term supplementation with hairtail peptides may improve exercise performance by relieving fatigue.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Polyoxometalates have emerged as promising bactericidal agents. In the current study, the bactericidal activity of polyoxometalate K6P2Mo18O62 against Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 and its ...possible underlying mechanisms were explored. The obtained results demonstrated that K6P2Mo18O62 could effectively kill E. coli O157:H7 at millimolar levels. Moreover, K6P2Mo18O62 treatment also induced significant increases in recA protein expression and further triggered characteristic apoptosis-like bacterial death events such as DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine exposure. In conclusion, polyoxometalate K6P2Mo18O62 possesses a desirable antibacterial activity, and induction of bacterial apoptosis-like death might be involved in its underlying bactericidal mechanisms.
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Cartonectin is a novel adipokine of the C1q complement/TNF-related protein (CTRP) superfamily, with glucose lowering effects, anti-inflammatory and cardio-protective properties. We sought to ...investigate circulating cartonectin concentrations in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as age and BMI matched control subjects. We also examined the effects of a 2 hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on serum cartonectin concentrations in T2DM subjects.
Cross-sectional study newly diagnosed (first discovery, not on any treatments) T2DM (n = 47) and control (n = 63) subjects. Serum cartonectin was measured by ELISA.
Serum cartonectin concentrations were significantly lower in patients with T2DM compared to controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, serum cartonectin was significantly negatively correlated with glucose and CRP, and significantly positively correlated with leptin, in all subjects (n = 110). When subjected to multiple regression analysis, none of these variables were predictive of serum cartonectin (P>0.05). There were no significant correlations in T2DM subjects (n = 47). In control subjects (n = 63), serum cartonectin was significantly negatively correlated with CRP, and significantly positively correlated with insulin, HOMA-IR and leptin. However, when subjected to multiple regression analysis, none of these variables were predictive of serum cartonectin (P>0.05). Finally, serum cartonectin concentrations were significantly lower in T2DM subjects after a 2 hour 75 g OGTT (P<0.01).
Cartonectin may serve as a novel biomarker for the prediction and early diagnosis of T2DM patients. Furthermore, cartonectin and/or pharmacological agents that increase circulating cartonectin levels can represent a new therapeutic field in the treatment of T2DM patients. Further research is needed to clarify these points.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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