Existing anonymous remote authentication protocols to secure wireless body area networks (WBANs) raise challenges such as eliminating the need for distributing clients' account information to the ...application providers and achieving forward security. This paper efficiently addresses these challenges by devising a scalable certificateless remote authentication protocol with anonymity and forward security for WBANs. Different from the previous protocols in this field, our protocol not only provides mutual authentication, session key establishment, anonymity, unlinkability, and nonrepudiation, but also achieves forward security, key escrow resilience, and scalability. Performance evaluation demonstrates that compared with the most efficient ID-based remote anonymous authentication protocol, our protocol reduces at least 52.6% and 17.6% of the overall running time and communication overhead, respectively, and the reduction in the computation cost and communication overhead achieves at least 73.8% and 55.8%, respectively, compared with up-to-date certificateless remote authentication protocol with anonymity.
Exosomes are lipid bilayer membrane vesicles and are emerging as competent nanocarriers for drug delivery. The clinical translation of exosomes faces many challenges such as massive production, ...standard isolation, drug loading, stability and quality control. In recent years, artificial exosomes are emerging based on nanobiotechnology to overcome the limitations of natural exosomes. Major types of artificial exosomes include 'nanovesicles (NVs)', 'exosome-mimetic (EM)' and 'hybrid exosomes (HEs)', which are obtained by top-down, bottom-up and biohybrid strategies, respectively. Artificial exosomes are powerful alternatives to natural exosomes for drug delivery. Here, we outline recent advances in artificial exosomes through nanobiotechnology and discuss their strengths, limitations and future perspectives. The development of artificial exosomes holds great values for translational nanomedicine.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
CRISPR/Cas is a revolutionary gene editing technology with wide‐ranging utility. The safe, non‐viral delivery of CRISPR/Cas components would greatly improve future therapeutic utility. We report the ...synthesis and development of zwitterionic amino lipids (ZALs) that are uniquely able to (co)deliver long RNAs including Cas9 mRNA and sgRNAs. ZAL nanoparticle (ZNP) delivery of low sgRNA doses (15 nm) reduces protein expression by >90 % in cells. In contrast to transient therapies (such as RNAi), we show that ZNP delivery of sgRNA enables permanent DNA editing with an indefinitely sustained 95 % decrease in protein expression. ZNP delivery of mRNA results in high protein expression at low doses in vitro (<600 pM) and in vivo (1 mg kg−1). Intravenous co‐delivery of Cas9 mRNA and sgLoxP induced expression of floxed tdTomato in the liver, kidneys, and lungs of engineered mice. ZNPs provide a chemical guide for rational design of long RNA carriers, and represent a promising step towards improving the safety and utility of gene editing.
Special delivery: The synthesis and development of zwitterionic amino lipids (ZALs) is reported. ZALs are uniquely able to deliver long RNAs (Cas9 mRNA and targeted sgRNA) from a single ZAL nanoparticle (ZNP) to enable CRISPR/Cas gene editing.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Design and construction of new functionalized supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) via coordination-driven self-assembly strategy is highly important in supramolecular chemistry and materials ...science. Herein, we present a family of well-defined metallacycles decorated with mesogenic forklike dendrons through the strategy of coordination-driven self-assembly. Due to the existence of mesogenic forklike dendrons, the obtained metallacycles displayed the smectic A liquid crystal phase at room temperature while their precursors exhibited the rectangular columnar liquid crystal phase. Interestingly, by taking advantage of the electrostatic interactions between the positively charged metallacycle and the negatively charged heparin, the doping of heparin induced a significant change of the liquid-crystalline behaviors of metallacycles. More importantly, the prepared liquid-crystalline metallacycles could be further applied for holographic storage of colored images. Notably, the rhomboidal metallacycle and hexagonal metallacycle gave rise to different holographic performances although they featured a similar liquid crystal phase behavior. Therefore, this research not only provides the first successful example of supramolecular liquid-crystalline metallacycles for holographic storage of colored images but also opens a new door for supramolecular liquid-crystalline metallacycles toward advanced optical applications.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Aiming at the construction of novel platform for efficient light harvesting, the precise synthesis of a new family of AIEgen‐branched rotaxane dendrimers was successful realized from an ...AIEgen‐functionalized 2rotaxane through a controllable divergent approach. In the resultant AIE macromolecules, up to twenty‐one AIEgens located at the tails of each branches, thus making them the first successful example of AIEgen‐branched dendrimers. Attributed to the solvent‐induced switching feature of the rotaxane branches, the integrated rotaxane dendrimers displayed interesting dynamic feature upon the aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) process. Moreover, novel artificial light‐harvesting systems were further constructed based on these AIEgen‐branched rotaxane dendrimers, which revealed impressive generation‐dependent photocatalytic performances for both photooxidation reaction and aerobic cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction.
A novel artificial light‐harvesting system based on AIEgen‐branched rotaxane dendrimers has been successfully constructed which displayed impressive generation‐dependent photocatalytic performances for both photooxidation reaction and aerobic cross‐dehydrogenative coupling reaction.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
To ensure the security and privacy of the patient's health status in the wireless body area networks (WBANs), it is critical to secure the extra-body communication between the smart portable device ...held by the WBAN client and the application providers, such as the hospital, physician or medical staff. Based on certificateless cryptography, this paper proposes a remote authentication protocol featured with nonrepudiation, client anonymity, key escrow resistance, and revocability for extra-body communication in the WBANs. First, we present a certificateless encryption scheme and a certificateless signature scheme with efficient revocation against short-term key exposure, which we believe are of independent interest. Then, a certificateless anonymous remote authentication with revocation is constructed by incorporating the proposed encryption scheme and signature scheme. Our revocation mechanism is highly scalable, which is especially suitable for the large-scale WBANs, in the sense that the key-update overhead on the side of trusted party increased logarithmically in the number of users. As far as we know, this is the first time considering the revocation functionality of anonymous remote authentication for the WBANs. Both theoretic analysis and experimental simulations show that the proposed authentication protocol is provably secure in the random oracle model and highly practical.
When the Internet and other interconnected networks are used in a health system, it is referred to as “e-Health.” In this paper, we examined research studies from 2017–2020 to explore the utilization ...of intelligent techniques in health and its evolution over time, particularly the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and cloud computing. E-Health is defined as “the ability to seek, find, understand and appraise health information derived from electronic sources and acquired knowledge to properly solve or treat health problems. As a repository for health information as well as e-Health analysis, the Internet has the potential to protect consumers from harm and empower them to participate fully in informed health-related decision-making. Most importantly, high levels of e-Health integration mitigate the risk of encountering unreliable information on the Internet. Various research perspectives related to security and privacy within IoT-cloud-based e-Health systems are examined, with an emphasis on the opportunities, benefits and challenges of the implementation such systems. The combination of IoT-based e-Health systems integrated with intelligent systems such as cloud computing that provide smart objectives and applications is a promising future trend.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The sharing of personal data with multiple users from different domains has been benefited considerably from the rapid advances of cloud computing, and it is highly desirable to ensure the sharing ...file should not be exposed to the unauthorized users or cloud providers. Unfortunately, issues such as achieving the flexible access control of the sharing file, preserving the privacy of the receivers, forming the receiver groups dynamically, and high efficiency in encryption/decryption still remain challenging. To deal with these challenges, we provide a novel anonymous attribute-based broadcast encryption (A<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{2}</tex-math></inline-formula> B<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{2}</tex-math></inline-formula> E) which features the property of hidden access policy and enables the data owner to share his/her data with multiple participants who are inside a predefined receiver set and fulfill the access policy. We first suggest a concrete A<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{2}</tex-math></inline-formula> B<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{2}</tex-math></inline-formula> E scheme together with the rigorous and formal security proof without the support of the random oracle model. Then, we design an efficient and secure data sharing system by incorporating the A<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{2}</tex-math></inline-formula> B<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">^{2}</tex-math></inline-formula> E scheme, verifiable outsourcing decryption technique for attribute-based encryption, and the idea of online/offline attribute-based encryption. Extensive security analysis and performance evaluation demonstrate that our data sharing system is secure and practical.
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most highly lethal diseases with very poor prognosis. Gemcitabine (GEM) is the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for pancreatic cancer treatment but is associated ...with significant side effects when administered systemically. Exosomes have emerged as attractive candidates for drug delivery for their high delivery efficiency and biocompatibility. Here, GEM was loaded into autologous exosomes to formulate ExoGEM for targeted chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Autologous exosomes facilitate cellular uptake of GEM and contributed to significantly increased cytotoxic effect of GEM, while heterologous cellular uptake showed less efficiency. Autologous exosomes showed targeting ability to pancreatic cancer in biodistribution study, and GEM concentration in tumor site was increased via ExoGEM delivery. ExoGEM treatment, in tumor-bearing mice, significantly suppressed tumor growth, with prolonged survival in a dose-response manner, but caused minimal damage to normal tissues. More importantly, tumors in several mice treated with ExoGEM were disappeared without recurrence. Autologous exosomes are safe and effective vehicles for targeted delivery of GEM against pancreatic cancer. This delivery strategy may have implications for personalized chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
Exosomes are efficient delivery vehicles in intracellular communication. Moreover, potential tropism of autologous exosomes to the tumor microenvironment make them competitive delivery vehicles. The use of cancer-derived exosomes for drug delivery and superior targeting efficacy and enhanced anticancer efficacy of therapeutics have been evidenced. Gemcitabine is a mainstay for pancreatic treatment. However, poor cellular uptake and low targeting effects of gemcitabine often lead to severe systemic toxicity. Therefore, to overcome this limitation, we herein loaded gemcitabine into autologous pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes for the targeted chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
Display omitted
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A series of pH-activatable aza-BODIPY-based fluorescent probes were developed for rapid cancer visualization and real-time fluorescence-guided surgery by harnessing topical spraying. These probes ...exhibited good water-solubility, a tunable p
K
a
from 5.0 to 7.9, and stable intense NIR emission at ∼725 nm under acidic conditions. AzaB5 with a p
K
a
value of 6.7 was able to rapidly and clearly visualize pulmonary and abdominal metastatic tumours including tiny metastases less than 2 mm
via
topical spraying, further improving intraoperative fluorescence-guided resection. We believe that AzaB5 is promising as a powerful tool to rapidly delineate a broad range of malignancies and assist surgical tumour resection.
PDF
