A sample of 111 Fermi blazars each with a well-established radio core luminosity, broad-line luminosity, bolometric luminosity and black hole mass has been compiled from the literatures. We present a ...significant correlation between radio core and broad-line emission luminosities that supports a close link between accretion processes and relativistic jets. Analysis reveals a relationship of
which is consistant with theoretical predicted coefficient and supports that blazar jets are powered by energy extraction from a rapidly spinning Kerr black hole through the magnetic field provided by the accretion disk. Through studying the correlation between the intrinsic bolometric luminosity and the black hole mass, we find a relationship of
which supports mass-luminosity relation for Fermi blazars derived in this work is a powerlaw relation similar to that for main-sequence stars. Finally, EVOLUTIONARY SEQUENCE OF BLAZARS is discussed.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Preeclampsia (PE) remains a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Numerous studies have shown that women with PE develop autoantibody, termed angiotensin II type 1 receptor ...autoantibody (AT1-AA), and key features of the disease result from it. Emerging evidence has indicated that inflammatory cell necrosis, such as pyroptosis, could lead to autoantigen exposure and stimulate autoantibody production. Caspase-1, the central enzyme of inflammasome and key target of pyroptosis, may play roles in AT1R exposure and AT1-AA production. Exploring endogenous regulator that could inhibit AT1-AA production by targeting pyroptosis will be essential for treating PE. Lipoxin A
(LXA
), endogenous dual anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator, may inhibit AT1-AA production via modulating caspase-1. Thus, we explore whether caspase-1 is essential for AT1-AA production and LXA
inhibits AT1-AA via modulating caspase-1. PE patients and mice developed AT1-AA associated with caspase-1 activation. Caspase-1 deletion leaded to AT1-AA decrease in PE mice. Consistent with these findings, we confirmed caspase-1 activation, trophoblast pyroptosis and AT1R exposure in PE mice and trophoblast model, while caspase-1 deficiency showed decreased trophoblast pyroptosis and AT1R exposure in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, LXA
could suppress AT1-AA production via regulating caspase-1 as well as enhancing phagocytosis of dead trophoblasts by macrophages. These results suggest that caspase-1 promotes AT1-AA production via inducing trophoblast pyroptosis and AT1R exposure, while LXA
suppresses AT1-AA production via modulating caspase-1, supporting caspase-1 serving as a therapeutic target for attenuating AT1-AA and LXA
protecting patients from AT1-AA and PE.
Inflammation dysregulation in placenta is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous pregnancy complications. Glucocorticoids (GCs), universally considered anti-inflammatory, can also exert ...proinflammatory actions under some conditions, whereas whether and how GCs promote placental inflammation have not been intensively investigated. In this paper we report the opposing regulation of rat placental inflammation by synthetic GC dexamethasone (Dex). When Dex was subcutaneously injected 1 h after we administered an intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa expression in rat placenta were significantly reduced. In contrast, Dex pretreatment for 24 h potentiated rat placental proinflammatory response to LPS and delayed inflammation resolution, which involved MAPKs and NF-kappaB activation. Mechanically, Dex pretreatment promoted 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) activation and increased leukotriene B4 production, whereas it inhibited the anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator lipoxin A4 (LXA4) biosynthesis in rat placenta via downregulating ALOX15 and ALOX15B expression. Moreover, LXA4 supplementation dampened Dex-potentiated placental inflammation and suppressed Dex-mediated ALOX5 activation in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, these findings suggest that GCs exposure could promote placental inflammation initiation and delay resolution via disrupting LXA4 biosynthesis.
We have analyzed a large sample of Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs) detected by Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi LAT). Our main intents are to investigate the relation between accretion rate and ...multi-wavelength luminosity and between black hole mass and multi-wavelength luminosity. Our results are as follows: There is significant correlation between accretion rate and multi-wavelength luminosity, which supports that jet formation have a close link with accretion. The significant correlations between black hole mass and multi-wavelength luminosity may imply that there is a close relation between faster jets and more massive black holes.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Inflammation dysregulation in placenta is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous pregnancy complications. Glucocorticoids (GCs), universally considered anti-inflammatory, can also exert ...proinflammatory actions under some conditions, whereas whether and how GCs promote placental inflammation have not been intensively investigated. In this paper we report the opposing regulation of rat placental inflammation by synthetic GC dexamethasone (Dex). When Dex was subcutaneously injected 1 h after we administered an intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa expression in rat placenta were significantly reduced. In contrast, Dex pretreatment for 24 h potentiated rat placental proinflammatory response to LPS and delayed inflammation resolution, which involved MAPKs and NF-kappaB activation. Mechanically, Dex pretreatment promoted 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) activation and increased leukotriene B4 production, whereas it inhibited the anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator lipoxin A4 (LXA4) biosynthesis in rat placenta via downregulating ALOX15 and ALOX15B expression. Moreover, LXA4 supplementation dampened Dex-potentiated placental inflammation and suppressed Dex-mediated ALOX5 activation in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, these findings suggest that GCs exposure could promote placental inflammation initiation and delay resolution via disrupting LXA4 biosynthesis.
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-sodium acrylate) gels with N,N-methylene bisacrylamde (BIS) as crosslinker were prepared by free radical polymerization method at the temperature of 35°C, which was just ...around the lower critical solution temperature (LSCT) of the hydrogels. The gels synthesized at 35°C demonstrated strong swellability and fast responseability when compared with the gels synthesized at the temperature of 0 and 18°C (below the LCST) and 50 and 80°C (above the LSCT). The response rate and swelling behavior of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-sodium acrylate) gels was investigated and characterized by the temperature-dependent swelling ratio and swelling and deswelling kinetics. The swelling behavior of the gels indicated that the synthesis temperature was the main factor when the swellability concerned and also had effect on the responseability of the resulting hydrogels.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Using
γ
-ray data detected by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and multi-wave band data for 40 TeV active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we have studied the correlations between flux densities (
F
R
,
F
IR
...,
F
O
,
F
X
and
F
γ
) in the radio, infrared, optical, X-ray and
γ
-ray wave bands. Our results are the following: (1) For TeV HSP BL Lacertae objects (THBLs), there are strong correlations between
F
γ
and
F
R
and between
F
γ
and
F
IR
in all states (average/high/low); (2) The TeV radio galaxies (TRGs) deviate from the area occupied by THBLs; (3) The TeV flat-spectrum radio quasars (TFSRQs) have much stronger
γ
-ray emission than THBLs; (4) For THBLs, there are weak correlations between
F
γ
and
F
X
in all states as well as between
F
γ
and
F
O
in both average and high states, and a strong correlation between
F
γ
and
F
O
in the low state; (5) For THBLs, there are strong correlations between
F
O
and
F
R
in both low and average states as well as between
F
O
and
F
IR
in all states and between
F
IR
and
F
R
in all states, but no strong correlations among other bands are found. From these results, we suggest that for THBLs, the synchrotron self-Compton radiation (SSC) is the main mechanism of high energy
γ
-ray emission and the inverse Compton scattering of circum-nuclear dust is likely to be a important complementary mechanism. Compared with THBLs, TRGs and TFSRQs may have a different origin of high energy
γ
-ray.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
One key goal of the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey is to track galaxy evolution back to z approximately 8. Its two-tiered "wide and deep" ...strategy bridges significant gaps in existing near-infrared surveys. Here we report on z approximately 8 galaxy candidates selected as F105W-band dropouts in one of its deep fields, which covers 50.1 arcmin super(2) to 4 ks depth in each of three near-infrared bands in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey southern field. Two of our candidates have J < 26.2 mag, and are >1 mag brighter than any previously known F105W-dropouts. We derive constraints on the bright end of the rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity function of galaxies at z approximately 8, and show that the number density of such very bright objects is higher than expected from the previous Schechter luminosity function estimates at this redshift. Another two candidates are securely detected in Spitzer Infrared Array Camera images, which are the first such individual detections at z approximately 8. Their derived stellar masses are on the order of a few x10 super(9) M sub(middot in circle), from which we obtain the first measurement of the high-mass end of the galaxy stellar mass function at z approximately 8. The high number density of very luminous and very massive galaxies at z approximately 8, if real, could imply a large stellar-to-halo mass ratio and an efficient conversion of baryons to stars at such an early time.
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