Tema rada jesu javni projekti u Republici Hrvatskoj u sklopu mehanizma integriranih teritorijalnih ulaganja Europske unije. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo kriterije, sustav ocjenjivanja i odabira ...projekata. Rad ukazuje na važnost teritorijalne kohezije te prikazuje ciljeve i prioritete regionalnog razvoja Republike Hrvatske u kontekstu regionalnih politika Europske unije. Prepoznato je da interdisciplinarno vođenje javnih projekata u etapi pripreme predstavlja temelj za održivi urbani razvoj.
This paper presents the public projects in Croatia in the context of EU integrated territorial investments. The research is focused on the criteria, evaluation system, and selection of the projects. It shows the importance of territorial cohesion and presents the goals and priorities of the regional development in Croatia in the context of the regional EU policies. It has been recognized that interdisciplinary management of public projects in the preparatory phase presents a foundation for sustainable urban development.
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European funds are financial instruments that support the implementation of the common policies of the European Union. Due to its accession to the EU in 2013, the Republic of Croatia, acquired the ...right to use the European funds. The main policy of the EU is Regional (Cohesion) policy, which supports the urban dimension and promotes integrated territorial strategies for sustainable urban development. Regional (Cohesion) policy provides the frameworks needed to address the challenges of territorial development and to mobilize the potential of the territories at local, regional, national and transnational level. According to the Territorial Agenda of the European Union 2020, territorial cohesion is a set of principles intended for harmonious, balanced, efficient and sustainable territorial development. It provides equal opportunities for citizens and businesses, regardless of their location, to make the best possible use of their territorial potential. Territorial cohesion strengthens the principle of solidarity in order to promote convergence between the economies of better developed territories and economies whose development is lagging behind. The EU objectives set out in the Europe 2020 Strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive development can be achieved in accordance with the principles of territorial cohesion. The key elements for achieving territorial cohesion are balanced territorial development and polycentric urban development policies. Regional development in Croatia is defined by the Law on Regional Development of the Republic of Croatia as a long-term process of promoting sustainable economic and social development of an area that is achieved through the recognition, encouragement and management of development potentials in that area. On the basis of this Law, the regional development policy tries to ensure the connection of local and regional development needs with the priorities of central level development and the goals of the EU cohesion policy. The Urban Development Strategy SRUP is defined as a basic strategic document which determines the development goals and priorities for urban areas. Urban areas are organized as urban agglomerations, larger urban areas and smaller urban areas. Cities as the centers of urban areas are not limited to their administrative boundaries, but also include neighboring cities and municipalities that form an urban spatial and functional entity. In the Republic of Croatia for the period 2014-2020 four urban agglomerations have been formed (Zagreb, Split, Rijeka and Osijek), and three urban areas (Slavonski Brod, Pula and Zadar). For the next financial period (2021-2027) seven new urban areas will be established (Dubrovnik, Karlovac, Varazdin, Vinkovci, Sisak, Sibenik and Bjelovar) that will contribute to the development strategy and form wider urban areas in order to harmonize with European policies and achieve balanced regional development through the implementation of public and social projects. For the financial period 2014-2020 the European Union has introduced the Integrated Territorial Investments Mechanism ITI mechanism as one of the tools for implementing integrated actions in the field of sustainable urban development. Through the ITI mechanism, cities as initiators of local development form urban spatial and functional entities, create mutual partnerships and prepare projects for public and social buildings. All public projects funded through the ITI mechanism must be harmonized with: European regional policy, strategy for the development of the urban area SRUP, specific objectives and criteria for eligibility and project selection. Evaluation of the projects and their selection is a key tool that ensures harmonization. According to the provisions of the ZNP 06 - non-refundable funds, two types of the general criteria apply to all projects: eligibility criteria and selection criteria. The article analyzes the eligibility and selection criteria in the evaluation of project proposals and identifies those that are relevant to the quality and sustainability of public projects, all with the aim of confirming the assumption that an interdisciplinary approach in the preparatory phase of public projects is necessary to ensure quality and sustainability as a basis for EU funding. An overview of the general criteria reveals a total of twenty criteria divided into two groups. The first group consists of ten eligibility criteria that are eliminatory and are checked in the administrative phase of the project. The second group consists of ten selection criteria that are applied to assess the quality of the project. The analysis of the selection criteria established the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in the preparation of public projects because they are evaluated in an interdisciplinary manner according to the principle of "four eyes". The research identifies the criteria that show the need for a synergy of knowledge from different fields of science and singles out those criteria that are relevant to ensuring the quality and sustainability of public projects and assessing their impact. This paper points out the rules, procedures and elements that need to be met so that a public project could be eligible for the EU non-refundable funds through the ITI mechanism. It has been recognized that one of the reasons for the poor availability of EU funds lies in the fact that public projects in Croatia are still prepared in a traditional, multidisciplinary manner while the rules and project selection criteria in EU are predominantly based on sustainable development and interdisciplinarity. The preparatory phase of public projects in the Republic of Croatia is rather neglected, and the process itself is deficient and does not meet the EU requirements. Project management in the preparatory phase is usually absent. It begins only in the implementation phase when real problems are identified. Then, due to limited resources (time and money), it is no longer possible to respond adequately to the challenges from the previous phase of the project, part of the problem remains unsolvable and consequently it affects the amount of EU payments. Therefore, it is important for the Republic of Croatia to adapt and accept a new, high-quality and sustainable concept of public project preparation that promotes sustainable urban development and interdisciplinary management of public projects in the preparatory phase as a basis for further urban development.
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