This research investigates an energy management method utilized in a hydrogen and electric hybrid energy storage system (HESS), which is utilized as an ancillary system for renewable energy ...electricity generation. To suppress the performance degradation of the fuel cell (FC), the newly proposed energy management method deals with main FC degradation causes, such as low humidification and frequent and rapid voltage changes. The entire HESS's performance is demonstrated using the proposed energy management method. In addition, a simulation is conducted to evaluate the proposed energy management method's performance in terms of both suppressing the FC's degradation and ensuring system efficiency. The results of the experiment and simulation show that the proposed energy management method can suppress the FC's harmful working states while maintaining high system efficiency.
•Proposed an energy management method of H2 and electric hybrid energy storage system.•The proposed method is effective on suppressing fuel cell's degradation.•The proposed method is also remarkable on maintaining high system efficiency.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several susceptibility loci for bipolar disorder (BD) and shown that the genetic architecture of BD can be explained by polygenicity, with ...numerous variants contributing to BD. In the present GWAS (Phase I/II), which included 2964 BD and 61 887 control subjects from the Japanese population, we detected a novel susceptibility locus at 11q12.2 (rs28456, P=6.4 × 10
), a region known to contain regulatory genes for plasma lipid levels (FADS1/2/3). A subsequent meta-analysis of Phase I/II and the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium for BD (PGC-BD) identified another novel BD gene, NFIX (P
=5.8 × 10
), and supported three regions previously implicated in BD susceptibility: MAD1L1 (P
=1.9 × 10
), TRANK1 (P
=2.1 × 10
) and ODZ4 (P
=3.3 × 10
). Polygenicity of BD within Japanese and trans-European-Japanese populations was assessed with risk profile score analysis. We detected higher scores in BD cases both within (Phase I/II) and across populations (Phase I/II and PGC-BD). These were defined by (1) Phase II as discovery and Phase I as target, or vice versa (for 'within Japanese comparisons', P
~10
, R
~2%), and (2) European PGC-BD as discovery and Japanese BD (Phase I/II) as target (for 'trans-European-Japanese comparison,' P
~10
, R
~0.27%). This 'trans population' effect was supported by estimation of the genetic correlation using the effect size based on each population (liability estimates~0.7). These results indicate that (1) two novel and three previously implicated loci are significantly associated with BD and that (2) BD 'risk' effect are shared between Japanese and European populations.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the features, treatments, and prognosis of patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic isolated SMA dissection. Methods Data from 35 consecutive patients in ...whom isolated SMA dissection was diagnosed on computed tomography angiography (CTA) between 2004 and 2015 at two general hospitals in Japan, were collected retrospectively. Nineteen symptomatic patients were compared, and 16 asymptomatic patients with incidentally revealed SMA dissection were also compared. In addition, the vascular remodelling and outcomes during follow-up were evaluated. Results The patient characteristics in the symptomatic and incidental groups were comparable except for age; mean ages were 55.9 ± 13.9 and 65.3 ± 10.9 years, respectively. Most of the symptomatic patients were managed conservatively (including antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulants, blood pressure control, or bowel rest). In addition, one patient was initially treated by endovascular intervention because of intestinal ischaemia, and another was switched from conservative to surgical treatment. The in-hospital outcome was good with no mortality. In the incidental group, all 16 patients were observed as outpatients without additional treatment. Complete remodelling of the false lumen was observed in 31% of patients with follow-up CTA, and was associated with the presence of symptoms and the absence of false lumen with blood flow at diagnosis. Neither recurrent or new onset abdominal pain, intervention for SMA dissection, nor SMA related death was observed in either group during the follow-up period (750 ± 779 and 1200 ± 951 days). Conclusions The characteristics of asymptomatic patients with incidentally revealed SMA dissection were comparable with those of symptomatic patients, except for age. During follow-up, factors favouring complete remodelling of false lumens were the presence of symptoms, and the absence of false lumen blood flow at diagnosis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
We report the first results of a search for real photon–photon scattering using X rays. A novel system is developed to split and collide X-ray pulses by applying interferometric techniques. A total ...of 6.5×105 pulses (each containing about 1011 photons) from an X-ray Free-Electron Laser are injected into the system. No scattered events are observed, and an upper limit of 1.7×10−24 m2 (95% C.L.) is obtained on the photon–photon elastic scattering cross section at 6.5 keV.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract
Quantum electrodynamics predicts X-ray diffractions under a high-intensity laser field via virtual charged particles, and this phenomenon is called vacuum diffraction (VD). In this paper, we ...derive a new formula to describe VD in a head-on collision geometry of an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulse and a laser pulse. The wavefront curvature of the XFEL pulse is newly considered in this formula. With this formula, we also discuss the curvature effect on VD signals based on realistic parameters at the SACLA XFEL facility.
We report a search for photon–photon elastic scattering in vacuum in the X-ray region at an energy in the center of mass system of ωcms=6.5keV for which the QED cross section is σQED=2.5×10−47m2. An ...X-ray beam provided by the SACLA X-ray Free Electron Laser is split and the two beamlets are made to collide at right angle, with a total integrated luminosity of (1.24±0.08)×1028m−2. No signal X rays from the elastic scattering that satisfy the correlation between energy and scattering angle were detected. We obtain a 95% C.L. upper limit for the scattering cross section of 1.9×10−27m2 at ωcms=6.5keV. The upper limit is the lowest upper limit obtained so far by keV experiments.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
We report on new results of a search for a two-photon interaction with axionlike particles (ALPs). The experiment is carried out at a synchrotron radiation facility using a "light shining through a ...wall (LSW)" technique. For this purpose, we develop a novel pulsed-magnet system, composed of multiple racetrack magnets and a transportable power supply. It produces fields of about 10 T over 0.8 m with a high repetition rate of 0.2 Hz and yields a new method of probing a vacuum with high intensity fields. The data obtained with a total of 27 676 pulses provide a limit on the ALP-two-photon coupling constant that is more stringent by a factor of 5.2 compared to a previous x-ray LSW limit for the ALP mass ≲0.1 eV.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
Opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, are widely used as effective analgesics for the treatment of acute and chronic pain. In addition, the opioid system has a key role in the rewarding effects of ...morphine, ethanol, cocaine and various other drugs. Although opioid sensitivity is well known to vary widely among individual subjects, several candidate genetic polymorphisms reported so far are not sufficient for fully understanding the wide range of interindividual differences in human opioid sensitivity. By conducting a multistage genome-wide association study (GWAS) in healthy subjects, we found that genetic polymorphisms within a linkage disequilibrium block that spans 2q33.3-2q34 were strongly associated with the requirements for postoperative opioid analgesics after painful cosmetic surgery. The C allele of the best candidate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2952768, was associated with more analgesic requirements, and consistent results were obtained in patients who underwent abdominal surgery. In addition, carriers of the C allele in this SNP exhibited less vulnerability to severe drug dependence in patients with methamphetamine dependence, alcohol dependence, and eating disorders and a lower 'Reward Dependence' score on a personality questionnaire in healthy subjects. Furthermore, the C/C genotype of this SNP was significantly associated with the elevated expression of a neighboring gene, CREB1. These results show that SNPs in this locus are the most potent genetic factors associated with human opioid sensitivity known to date, affecting both the efficacy of opioid analgesics and liability to severe substance dependence. Our findings provide valuable information for the personalized treatment of pain and drug dependence.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
CX3CR1, a G protein-coupled receptor solely expressed by microglia in the brain, has been repeatedly reported to be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders including schizophrenia (SCZ) and ...autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in transcriptomic and animal studies but not in genetic studies. To address the impacts of variants in CX3CR1 on neurodevelopmental disorders, we conducted coding exon-targeted resequencing of CX3CR1 in 370 Japanese SCZ and 192 ASD patients using next-generation sequencing technology, followed by a genetic association study in a sample comprising 7054 unrelated individuals (2653 SCZ, 574 ASD and 3827 controls). We then performed in silico three-dimensional (3D) structural modeling and in vivo disruption of Akt phosphorylation to determine the impact of the detected variant on CX3CR1-dependent signal transduction. We detected a statistically significant association between the variant Ala55Thr in CX3CR1 with SCZ and ASD phenotypes (odds ratio=8.3, P=0.020). A 3D structural model indicated that Ala55Thr could destabilize the conformation of the CX3CR1 helix 8 and affect its interaction with a heterotrimeric G protein. In vitro functional analysis showed that the CX3CR1-Ala55Thr mutation inhibited cell signaling induced by fractalkine, the ligand for CX3CR1. The combined data suggested that the variant Ala55Thr in CX3CR1 might result in the disruption of CX3CR1 signaling. Our results strengthen the association between microglia-specific genes and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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