Ovo je istraživanje, kao dio šireg ispitivanja razvoja profesionalne uloge budućih učitelja, imalo za cilj ispitati ulogu akademskog samopoimanja, temeljnih psiholoških potreba, motivacije za ...poučavanje i samoefikasnosti za učenje kao potencijalnih odrednica intrinzične motivacije za učenje kod studenata prve godine učiteljskih studija. Rezultati pokazuju da je intrinzična motivacija za učenje budućih učitelja značajno povezana s akademskim i verbalnim samopoimanjem, samopoimanjem vezanim uz rješavanje problema, samoefikasnošću za učenjem, potrebama za autonomijom i povezanošću s drugima, te s intrinzičnom i identifikacijskom motivacijom za poučavanje. Prema regresijskoj su se analizi značajnim prediktorima intrinzične motivacije za učenje pokazali akademsko samopoimanje, samoefikasnost za učenje te povezanost s drugima. Studenti kojima je učiteljski studij bio prvi izbor su u većoj mjeri intrinzično motivirani za učenje i poučavanje u odnosu na one kojima taj studij nije prvi izbor. U zaključku, ovo je istraživanje pokazalo niz teorijski smislenih veza između različitih komponenata samopoimanja i motivacije budućih učitelja koje mogu djelovati na njihov akademski uspjeh i na uspješnost u budućem zanimanju.
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Since Hazan and Shaver formulated their theory of adult romantic attachment in the late 1980's (Hazan & Shaver, 1987), attachment theory has become one of the principal theoretical frameworks for the ...study of intimate relationships in adulthood. It conceptualizes romantic love, or couple bonding, as an attachment process that reflects the same kinds of individual differences as infant-parent attachment. However, this idea is not a new one. Although attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969) was originally designed to explain the emotional bond between infants and their caregivers, Bowlby (1979) believed that attachment is an important component of human experience “from the cradle to the grave” (p. 129) and that attachment relationships play a powerful role in adults’ emotional life.
Nastavnička empatija važan je dio profesionalne uloge nastavnika i povezana je s brojnim ishodima
kod učenika. Istraživanja pokazuju da su žene empatičnije od muškaraca, ali rod prestaje
biti ...prediktorom empatije nakon što se u regresijske modele uključe osobine ličnosti ili rodne
uloge. Ugodnost i ekspresivnost pokazale su se najsnažnijim korelatima empatije među osobinama
ličnosti odnosno rodnim ulogama, no te su determinante empatije još uvijek rijetko
istražene kod nastavnika/ca. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja ispitati ulogu ugodnosti i ekspresivnosti
u odnosu između roda i empatije na uzorku studenata/tica nastavničkog smjera različitih
fakulteta. Testirana su dva serijalna medijacijska modela s rodom kao prediktorom, ugodnošću
i ekspresivnošću kao medijatorima te aspektima empatije kao kriterijskim varijablama.
Rezultati su potvrdili medijacijsku ulogu ugodnosti i ekspresivnosti u odnosu između roda i
empatije. Značajni učinci serijalne medijacije pokazali su da su buduće nastavnice iskazale veću
ugodnost što je imalo pozitivan učinak na ekspresivnost, a to je potom imalo pozitivan učinak
na empatičnu brigu i zauzimanje tuđe perspektive. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na potrebu za
diferenciranim pristupom treninzima empatije s različitim skupinama budućih nastavnika/ca,
posebno s onima koji imaju manje izraženu ugodnost i ekspresivnost.
The analysis of the results obtained from the research carried out in 2003 on a representative sample of the schools in the Republic of Croatia is aimed at determining the presence of differentiation ...among 8th grade pupils of the primary school. The research was carried out in 121 schools from all Croatian regions & it included 2,674 pupils, 14 years old on the average. The researches on digital differentiation made in the last ten years in the USA & West European countries have been a basis for the theoretical part of the work. The results obtained on a representative sample of the pupils of the 8th grade indicate a digital differentiation in view of the region & size of the locality they come from, educational background of their parents & gender. There are more pupils from bigger cities & more developed regions, more boys & the pupils whose parents are more educated who have computers at home & use them together with the Internet more frequently than the pupils from smaller communities & less developed regions & those whose parents are of lower education. This clear digital differentiation in households is not quite reflected in school that gives more opportunity to the pupils from smaller communities to use the computer & have access to the Internet, where the information & communication technology is being used without making any distinction between the pupils' genders & different educational background of their parents. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.
Ovaj se rad usredotočuje na socijalno i emocionalno učenje i ističe empirijske nalaze o njegovoj
važnosti za učitelje, učenike i škole. Važnost socijalnog i emocionalnog učenja u školskim
okruženjima ...središnji je fokus istraživanja tijekom posljednjih 30 godina. Razvoj socijalnih i
emocionalnih kompetencija učitelja bio je bitan čimbenik za poboljšanje socijalnog i emocionalnog
učenja učenika. Samo kada su učitelji sposobni stvoriti školsku klimu u kojoj se učenici
osjećaju uključenima i dobrodošlima, učenici mogu razvijati i unaprijediti svoje socijalne i
emocionalne kompetencije. U ovom radu iznosimo glavne konceptualne okvire o socijalnom
i emocionalnom učenju, s naglaskom na CASEL okvir, relevantan i za mlade i za odrasle.
Nastavljamo usmjeravajući se na socijalne i emocionalne kompetencije učitelja, budući da su
učitelji jedni od ključnih figura za poticanje i razvoj socijalnih i emocionalnih kompetencija
u školskom okruženju. Zatim se bavimo pitanjem razvoja socijalnih i emocionalnih kompetencija
učitelja u različitim okruženjima. Posljednji dio rada povezuje socijalne i emocionalne
kompetencije učitelja i učenika. Naglašavamo važnost socijalnih i emocionalnih kompetencija
učitelja za zdrave odnose učitelja i učenika te za dobrobit i akademska postignuća učenika.
Budući da i učitelji trebaju podršku za razvoj ovih kompetencija, zalažemo se za sveobuhvatan
pristup na razini cijele škole kako bismo osigurali uspješnu implementaciju socijalnog i emocionalnog
učenja u razredima.
Various efforts have been made to develop antibacterial biomaterials capable of also sustaining bone remodulation to be used as bone substitutes and reduce patient infection rates and related costs. ...In this work, beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was chosen due to its known biocompatibility and use as a bone substitute. Metal dopants were incorporated into the crystal structure of the β-TCP, and disks were produced from this material. Magnesium and strontium, as well as copper and silver, were chosen as dopants to improve the osteogenic and antibacterial properties, respectively. The surface of the β-TCP samples was further modified using a femtosecond laser system. Grid and line patterns were produced on the plates' surface via laser ablation, creating grooves with depths lower than 20 μm and widths between 20 and 40 μm. Raman and FTIR analysis confirmed that laser ablation did not result in the degradation or phase change of the materials, making it suitable for surface patterning. Laser ablation resulted in increased hydrophilicity of the materials, as the control samples (non-ablated samples) have WCA values ranging from 70° to 93° and become, upon laser ablation, superwicking surfaces. Confocal measurements show an increase in specific surface area of 50% to 200% compared to the control. Overall, the results indicate the potential of laser ablation to improve the surface characteristics of β-TCP, which may lead to an improvement in the antibacterial and osteogenic properties of the produced materials.
Given our recent discovery of somatic mutations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD)/intellectual disability (ID) genes in postmortem aged Alzheimer's disease brains correlating with increasing ...tauopathy, it is important to decipher if tauopathy is underlying brain imaging results of atrophy in ASD/ID children. We concentrated on activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), a prevalent autism gene. The unique availability of multiple postmortem brain sections of a 7-year-old male, heterozygous for ADNP de novo mutation c.2244Adup/p.His559Glnfs*3 allowed exploration of tauopathy, reflecting on a general unexplored mechanism. The tested subject exhibited autism, fine motor delays, severe intellectual disability and seizures. The patient died after multiple organ failure following liver transplantation. To compare to other ADNP syndrome mutations, immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines from three different patients (including ADNP p.Arg216*, p.Lys408Valfs*31, and p.Tyr719* heterozygous dominant mutations) and a control were subjected to RNA-seq. Immunohistochemistry, high-throughput gene expression profiles in numerous postmortem tissues followed. Comparisons to a control brain and to extensive datasets were used. Live cell imaging investigated Tau-microtubule interaction, protecting against tauopathy. Extensive child brain tauopathy paralleled by multiple gene expression changes was discovered. Tauopathy was explained by direct mutation effects on Tau-microtubule interaction and correction by the ADNP active snippet NAP. Significant pathway changes (empirical P value < 0.05) included over 100 genes encompassing neuroactive ligand-receptor and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, MAPK and calcium signaling, axon guidance and Wnt signaling pathways. Changes were also seen in steroid biosynthesis genes, suggesting sex differences. Selecting the most affected genes by the ADNP mutations for gene expression analysis, in multiple postmortem tissues, identified Tau (MAPT)-gene-related expression changes compared with extensive normal gene expression (RNA-seq) databases. ADNP showed relatively reduced expression in the ADNP syndrome cerebellum, which was also observed for 25 additional genes (representing >50% of the tested genes), including NLGN1, NLGN2, PAX6, SMARCA4, and SNAP25, converging on nervous system development and tauopathy. NAP provided protection against mutated ADNP disrupted Tau-microtubule association. In conclusion, tauopathy may explain brain-imaging findings in ADNP syndrome children and may provide a new direction for the development of tauopathy protecting drug candidates like NAP in ASD/ID.
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