The group composition of alcohol extracts from balsamic poplar leaves Populus balsamifera L, growing in the Krasnoyarsk Krai, Krasnoyarsk (Russia) were examined in this work. Leaves selected in ...different phases of the growing season were used: June, July, August – fresh, September – fallen leaves. Poplar leaves contain up to 56% of extractive substances, alcohol-soluble substances account for up to 67% of the extract amount. Alcohol extracts were fractionated using solvents with increasing polarity: petroleum ether (boiling point 40 to 70 °C), diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol. The results showed that the alcohol extracts of poplar leaves are dominated by substances extracted with ethyl acetate (up to 60%). The study of the component composition of volatile compounds of individual fractions of alcohol extracts was performed on an Agilent chromatography-mass spectrometer. The presence of various groups of compounds was established: hydrocarbons, alcohols, acids, ketones, etc., including biologically active substances such as megasterol acetate, ℽ-sitosterol, sitosterol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecene-1-ol, diethyltoluamide, 4-methoxy-3-nitrobiphenyl, and other compounds that it can be used in different applications.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The study was aimed at the applicability of a bioink based on 4% collagen and chondrocytes for
cartilage formation. Extrusion-based bioprinting was used for the biofabrication. The printing ...parameters were tuned to obtain stable material flow. In vivo data proved the ability of the tested bioink to form a cartilage within five to six weeks after the subcutaneous scaffold implantation. Certain areas of cartilage formation were detected as early as in one week. The resulting cartilage tissue had a distinctive structure with groups of isogenic cells as well as a high content of glycosaminoglycans and type II collagen.
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We perform a statistical analysis of 112 proton events from 24 November 2000 to 20 December 2014, accompanied by an increase in the intensity of solar energetic particles (SEPs) with energy
E
p
>
1
...–850 MeV using GOES data. All events were accompanied by metric type II radio bursts in the frequency range of 25–180 MHz observed with the
Radio Solar Telescope Network
. A correlation in the peak proton integral intensity
I
p
with the intensity of type II radio bursts
I
i
and the frequency drift rate
V
is shown. Taking into account the helio-longitudinal weakening, i.e. the dependence of SEP intensity on the heliographic longitude of the flare, we find that the correlation coefficients between
I
p
and
I
i
, as well as between
I
p
and
V
for protons with
E
p
>
30
MeV are 0.79 and 0.71, respectively. This suggests that non-thermal electrons, which drive type II radio bursts, and energetic protons are generated at the front of the same shock wave. The correlation coefficients mentioned above decrease for
E
p
≳
100
MeV. Therefore, the contribution of high energetic protons to the integral intensity
I
p
is rather determined by accelerated processes in the flare energy release region. The weak dependence of SEP intensity on the helio-longitudinal weakening is discussed.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Natural, environmental and engineered nanoparticles (NP) penetrate into cells by endocytosis and induce innate immunity. The behaviour of the nanomaterials both in vitro and in vivo should be ...assessed. Our goal was to study protein NP stability in biological fluids and distribution in organs of animals after intranasal and oral administration. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was labelled with the fluorescent dye RhoB and NP were fabricated by nanoprecipitation. The fluorescent protein NPwere administered intranasally and orally in laboratory-outbred mice ICR and rabbits. RhoB-BSA NP distribution in organs was detected using spectrofluorometry and fluorescent microscopy. Innate immunity was evaluated using reverse transcription with random hexanucleotide primer and subsequent real-time PCR with specific fluorescent hydrolysis probes. The labelled BSA NP were shown to remain stable in blood sera and nasopharyngeal swabs for 5 days at +37 °C. In vivo the maximal accumulation was found in the brain in 2 days posttreatment without prevalent accumulation in olfactory bulbs. For the intestine, heart and liver, the BSA NP accumulation was similar in 1 and 2 days, whereas for kidney samples even decreased after 1 day. Both intranasal and peroral administration of RhoB-BSA NP did not induce innate immunity. Thus, after intranasal or oral instillation RhoB-BSA NP were found mainly in the brain and intestine without interferon gene expression.
The effectiveness of forest resources depends on the comprehensiveness and rationality of their consumption and processing into finished products. This article discusses the problem of using solid ...fir wood greenery residues generated during the industrial production of essential oils. Bioconversion is considered to be the most promising use. The objective of this research was to study the chemical composition of bioconversion products of fir wood greenery-based substrates. The PP-3.2 strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél was used as a biodestructor. In the process of bioconversion, the contents of polysaccharides and lignin substances is reduced to 38% and 28%, respectively. Up to 20% of protein accumulates in bioconversion products of fir wood greenery. The amount of nucleic acids is not more than 1.5 g per kg; the contents of heavy metals, such as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and lead, do not exceed the maximum permissible concentration standards. The substrate weight loss reaches 15%. When fallen leaves and post-extraction poplar bud residues are added to the substrate, the substrate-destroying activity of fungi increases, and the protein content increases by 3%. The digestibility of products as a result of bioconversion increases 1.6–2.8 times depending on the substrate composition. The obtained data support the recommendation of post-fermented substrates based on fir wood greenery and balsam poplar biomass for use as a protein feed additive.
The paper presents the results of the study of a biological product of the type "Trichodermin", obtained as a result of biodegradation of plant waste - poplar litter - by Siberian strains K6-15
...Trichoderma spp
. Two methods were used: seed dusting and the introduction of a biological product into the soil with different concentrations. Germination and number of infected seeds of tomato (Irina F1 variety, Geolia) and Novosibirskaya 31 soft spring wheat were evaluated in the work.
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) has recently attracted increasing attention. Unlike other hydrogels, it allows for the adjustment of the mechanical properties using such factors as degree of ...functionalization, concentration, and photocrosslinking parameters. In this study, GelMA with a high degree of substitution (82.75 ± 7.09%) was synthesized, and its suitability for extrusion printing, cytocompatibility, and biocompatibility was studied. Satisfactory printing quality was demonstrated with the 15% concentration hydrogel. The high degree of functionalization led to a decrease in the ability of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to adhere to the GelMA surface. During the first 3 days after sowing, proliferation was observed. Degradation in animals after subcutaneous implantation was slowed down.
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The paper presents the results of the influence of the fractional composition of plant waste - fallen poplar leaves ( Populus balzamifera L.) on the growth and development of basidiomycetes (Fp5-15 ...Fomitopsis pinicola and PP-3.2 Pleurotus pulmonarius ), as well as on the yield of the final product. The use of renewable resources and leaf litter as a substrate in biotechnological processes has broad economic and environmental implications. Cultivation was carried out using solid-phase fermentation for 12 days. The values of bioconversion process factors were obtained using the STATGRAPHICS® Centurion software package. It has been established that the fractional composition of plant raw materials can have a significant impact on the bioconversion process; the most favorable fraction size is 5-6 mm (PP-3.2 P. pulmonarius ) and 7-8 mm (Fp5-15 F. pinicola ).
The aim of this study was to verify the applicability of high-concentration collagen-based bioink with MSC (ADSC) and decellularized ECM granules for the formation of cartilage tissue de novo after ...subcutaneous implantation of the scaffolds in rats. The printability of the bioink (4% collagen, 2.5% decellularized ECM granules, derived via 280 μm sieve) was shown. Three collagen-based compositions were studied: (1) with ECM; (2) with MSC; (3) with ECM and MSC. It has been established that decellularized ECM granules are able to stimulate chondrogenesis both in cell-free and MSC-laden scaffolds. Undesirable effects have been identified: bone formation as well as cartilage formation outside of the scaffold area. The key perspectives and limitations of ECM granules (powder) application have been discussed.
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Across western and northern Chukotka, a region spanning 400 000 km
2
, we have defined three different tectono-magmatic systems that were active during the Aptian-Albian (123-100 Ma) time span: (1) ...the Tytylveem post-collisional belt (123-105 Ma); (2) the Chaun province of extension-related magmatism (109-100 Ma); and (3) the earliest eruptive units (106-100 Ma) of the subduction-related Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt (OCVB). The observed tectono-magmatic systems are characterized by their location and by their different chemical and isotopic compositions. The general enrichment of magma sources successively increases from the OCVB to the Tytylveem belt and then to the Chaun province. While the Tytylveem belt was active, the volcanic loci shifted northwest along the strike of the belt, perhaps because of diachronous delamination of the lithosphere of the once present, but extinct, South Anyui ocean. On the scale of the entire region of NE Asia, the tectonic re-arrangement that controlled magmatism in the Early Cretaceous was marked by the extinction of major subduction zones on the periphery of the closing Oimyakon and South Anyui oceanic basins followed by magmatic events likely caused by lithospheric delamination and/or extension. Along the Pacific margin of Asia, subduction-related volcanism was nearly continuous during the entire Cretaceous.
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