This study retrospectively evaluated the effects of bone density, staging strategy, implant stability, healing process, implant length, surface type, and photofunctionalization on early implant ...failure.
Consecutive study samples at Yokohama City University Hospital were analyzed for their early implant failure potentially influenced by patient-, surgical protocol-, and implant-related factors. Through the screening process using univariate analysis for those factors, candidate influential factors such as bone density, staging strategy, the level of initial implant stability, postoperative wound breakdown, the length of implants, the surface type of implants, and use or nonuse of photofunctionalization were selected as independent variables in forward multivariate logistic regression analysis. The odds ratio (OR) for candidate factors was calculated.
A total of 563 implants placed in 219 patients from 2005 to 2017 were analyzed for their early implant failure. Stepwise logistic regression analysis finally identified postoperative wound breakdown (OR = 0.21) and the use of photofunctionalization (OR = 0.30) that significantly reduced the risk of early implant failure (P < .01 and P < .05, respectively). The implant failure rate was 10.0% with postoperative wound breakdown and 1.0% without it, whereas it was 4.3% without photofunctionalization and 1.3% with it.
Among various patient-, surgical protocol-, and implant-related factors, the absence of postoperative wound breakdown and use of photofunctionalization significantly reduced the risk of early implant failure. It was notable that photofunctionalization, a unique, chairside measure to improve implant surfaces, was effective exclusively among implant-related factors.
The objective of this study was to compare the rate of implant stability development of as-received and photofunctionalized dental implants in regular and complex cases.
Forty-nine implants (24 ...as-received and 25 photofunctionalized) placed in regular or complex cases (simultaneous guided bone regeneration, sinus elevation, or fresh extraction sockets) were studied. Photofunctionalization was performed by ultraviolet (UV) treatment of implants for 15 minutes using a photo device immediately prior to placement, and the generation of superhydrophilicity was confirmed. Implant stability was evaluated by measuring the implant stability quotient (ISQ) at placement (ISQ1) and at stage-two surgery (ISQ2). The rate of implant stability development was evaluated by calculating the osseointegration speed index (OSI), defined as the ISQ increase per month (ISQ2-ISQ1/healing time in months). The percentage of innate bone support at placement was evaluated clinically and radiographically.
The average OSI was considerably greater for photofunctionalized implants (3.7 ± 2.9) than for as-received implants (0.0 ± 1.0). The OSI in complex cases was 4.2 ± 3.2 for photofunctionalized implants and 0.2 ± 0.9 for as-received implants. The OSI in cases with simultaneous sinus elevation was 5.5 ± 3.5 for photofunctionalized implants and 0.2 ± 1.1 for as-received implants. Photofunctionalized implants showed significantly higher ISQ2 values than as-received implants. Photofunctionalized implant ISQ2 values were greater than 60, regardless of primary stability and innate bone support at placement. In multivariate analysis including the effects of photofunctionalization, age and sex of patients, and diameter and length of implants, photofunctionalization showed the strongest influence on the OSI for both regular and complex cases, while other factors influenced the OSI only in certain conditions.
Photofunctionalization accelerated the rate and enhanced the final level of implant stability development compared with as-received implants, particularly for implants placed into poor-quality bone and other complex cases. Photofunctionalization was a stronger determinant of implant stability than all the other tested implant- and host-related factors.
The exact mechanisms by which implant surface properties govern osseointegration are incompletely understood. To gain insights into this process, we examined alterations in protein and blood ...recruitment around screw implants with different surface topographies and wettability using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Compared with a smooth surface, a microrough implant surface reduced protein infiltration from the outer zone to the implant thread and interface zones by over two-fold. However, the microrough implant surface slowed blood flow in the interface zone by four-fold. As a result, compared with the smooth surface, the microrough surface doubled the protein recruitment/retention index, defined as the mass of proteins present in the area per unit time. Converting implant surfaces from hydrophobic to superhydrophilic increased the mass of protein infiltration 2–3 times and slowed down blood flow by up to two-fold in the implant vicinity for both smooth and microrough surfaces. The protein recruitment/retention index was highest at the implant interface when the implant surface was superhydrophilic and microrough. Thus, this study demonstrates distinct control of the mass and speed of protein and blood flow through implant surface topography, wettability, and their combination, significantly altering the efficiency of protein recruitment. Although microrough surfaces showed both positive and negative impacts on protein recruitment over smooth surfaces, superhydrophilicity was consistently positive regardless of surface topography.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Variations of the branches of the external carotid artery are well known. Commonly, the occipital artery arises from the posterior aspect of the external carotid artery, but it is rarely reported for ...the occipital artery to arise from the internal carotid artery or carotid bifurcation. It is important to know the variations of the carotid arteries and their branches before invasive procedures to avoid complications. We hereby report the occipital artery arising from the superior aspect of the carotid bifurcation as a rare anatomical variant.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
In oral and maxillofacial surgery such as orthognathic surgery and open treatment of maxillofacial fracture, plate fixation is commonly performed. Although the removal of titanium miniplates is ...controversial, the plates are removed routinely or symptomatically. By excessive torque during the screw removal, stripping or breaking of screw heads may occur. Although miniplates and screws are used with angled screwdrivers for osteosynthesis in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) or open treatment of mandibular angle or subcondylar fracture, the removal of a damaged screw, especially with the angled screwdriver, is very difficult. Therefore, we report a simple method with a sterilized surgical glove for removal of the stripped screw.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Lipoma is a common benign mesenchymal tumor composed of mature adipocytes that can develop in any region containing adipose tissue. Generally, this tumor is arising in the subcutaneous tissues of the ...back, neck, shoulders, and face (cheek or scalp).1 Although lipoma originating from the buccal fat pad sometimes occurs in the buccal space,2,3 there are a few reports of lipoma in the masticator space in the English-language literature.4,5 As a minimally invasive surgery, endoscopically assisted surgery has been recently introduced in facial surgery, such as resection of benign tumors.1,6,7 Therefore, we report endoscopically assisted intraoral resection of lipoma in the masticator space as a minimally invasive approach.
In intra-arterial catheterization for head and neck cancer, procedure-related complications such as cerebral infarction and artery perforation may occur. However, guidewire perforation into the oral ...cavity during intra-arterial catheterization for oral cancer is extremely rare. We hereby report guidewire perforation into the oral cavity from the deep lingual artery during retrograde superselective intra-arterial catheterization for a tongue cancer patient.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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