Existential anthropology Jackson, Michael
2008., 20050630, 2005, 2005., 2005-06-15, Volume:
11
eBook, Book
Inspired by existential thought, but using ethnographic methods, Jackson explores a variety of compelling topics, including 9/11, episodes from the war in Sierra Leone and its aftermath, the ...marginalization of indigenous Australians, the application of new technologies, mundane forms of ritualization, the magical use of language, the sociality of violence, the prose of suffering, and the discourse of human rights. Throughout this compelling work, Jackson demonstrates that existentialism, far from being a philosophy of individual being, enables us to explore issues of social existence and coexistence in new ways, and to theorise events as the sites of a dynamic interplay between the finite possibilities of the situations in which human beings find themselves and the capacities they yet possess for creating viable forms of social life.
This paper presents a software environment for processing, segmenting, quantifying, representing and manipulating digital microstructure data. The paper discusses the approach to building a ...generalized representation strategy for digital microstructures and the barriers encountered when trying to integrate a set of existing software tools to create an expandable codebase.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Recent world-wide political developments have persuaded many
people that we are again living in what Hannah Arendt called "dark
times." Jackson's response to this age of uncertainty is to remind
us ...how much experience falls outside the concepts and categories we
habitually deploy in rendering life manageable and intelligible.
Drawing on such critical thinkers as Hannah Arendt, Theodor Adorno,
Walter Benjamin, and Karl Jaspers, whose work was profoundly
influenced by the catastrophes that overwhelmed the world in the
middle of the last century, Jackson explores the transformative and
redemptive power of marginalized voices in the contemporary
conversation of humankind.
A survey by Thornewill et al. (2020) produced potentially useful information about how national security roles of psychologists are viewed both within and beyond the discipline. However, a closer ...examination of the data, and of the authors' interpretations of that data, raises some important questions.
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Many jurisdictions implemented intensive social distancing to suppress SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The challenge now is to mitigate the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic without overburdening economic and ...social activities. An agent-based model simulated the population of King County, Washington. SARS-CoV-2 transmission probabilities were estimated by fitting simulated to observed hospital admissions. Interventions considered included encouraging telecommuting, reducing contacts to high-risk persons, and reductions to contacts outside of the home, among others. Removing all existing interventions would result in nearly 42,000 COVID-19 hospitalizations between June 2020 and January 2021, with peak hospital occupancy exceeding available beds 6-fold. Combining interventions is predicted to reduce total hospitalizations by 48% (95% CI, 47–49%), with peak COVID-19 hospital occupancy of 70% of total beds. Targeted school closures can further reduce the peak occupancy. Combining low-impact interventions may mitigate the course of the COVID-19 epidemic, keeping hospital burden within the capacity of the healthcare system.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Highlights ► We identified the underlying assumptions of the test-negative (TN) design. ► The TN design reduces bias due to misclassification of infection. ► The TN design reduces confounding by ...differences in health care-seeking. ► TN studies of influenza vaccine must adjust for calendar time. ► TN studies of influenza vaccine must restrict to times when influenza circulates.
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•Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H catalyst was successfully prepared and used for glucose conversion to HMF.•HRTEM-EDX analyses showed a good shells of SiO2 and SO3H on the surface of Fe3O4 ...core.•Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H catalyst was successfully used for both isomerization and dehydration processes.•Applying 40% catalyst concentration led to 70% HMF yield and 98% glucose conversion.•The catalyst was easily reused several times without high loss in catalytic activity.
In this paper we discuss the potential use of (Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H) nanoparticle catalyst for the dehydration of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). A magnetically recoverable (Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H) nanoparticle catalyst was successfully prepared by supporting sulfonic acid groups (SO3H) on the surface of silica-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The prepared catalyst was characterized by FTIR, TGA, XRD, HRTEM-EDX, and N2 adsorption-desorption isothermal analyses. The catalyst’s surface acidity was determined by acid-base titration. Dehydration of glucose was performed in a biphasic system made up of water and methylisobutylketone (water/MIBK), and the effect of various reaction parameters affecting on the yield of HMF such as biphasic system ratio, catalyst concentration, temperature, time, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) ratio were studied. Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H catalyst disclosed a great catalytic activity for the formation of HMF and glucose conversion. About 70% yield of HMF and 98% glucose conversion were obtained at the optimum reaction conditions (40% catalyst concentration, 140 °C, 24 h and biphasic system of 1:4 (water: MIBK) ratio). At the end of the reaction, the catalyst was easily removed from the reaction mixture using a magnet and reused several times without high loss in catalytic activity.
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Chronic neuroinflammation driven by microglia is a characteristic feature associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases. While acute inflammation can assist with recovery and repair, prolonged ...microglial pro‐inflammatory responses are known to exacerbate neurodegenerative processes. Yet, detrimental outcomes of extended microglial activation are counterbalanced by beneficial outcomes including phagocytosis and release of trophic factors promoting neuronal viability. Our past work has shown that the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1) is a key signaling hub driving pro‐inflammatory microglia responses, but the signaling pathway maintaining PARP‐1 activation remains elusive. While best understood for its role in promoting DNA repair, our group has shown that PARP‐1 activity can be stimulated via Ca2+ influx‐dependent ERK1/2‐mediated phosphorylation. However, to date, the route of Ca2+ entry responsible for stimulating PARP‐1 has not been identified. A likely candidate is via Ca2+‐permeable transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channels activated downstream of PARP‐1 in a cascade that involves ADP‐ribose (ADPR) production by poly(ADP‐ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Here we demonstrate that NMDA receptor (NMDAR) stimulation in primary cultured microglia induces their proliferation, morphological activation and release of pro‐inflammatory mediators. These responses were contingent on the recruitment of PARP‐1, PARG and Ca2+ permeable TRPM2 channels. Furthermore, we show that Ca2+ influx is necessary to activate PARP‐1/TRPM2 signaling, in an ERK1/2‐dependent, but DNA damage independent, manner. Our findings, showing that PARP‐1/TRPM2 mediate the pro‐inflammatory effects of NMDAR stimulation, provides a unifying mechanism linking elevated glutamate levels to chronic neuroinflammation.
The signaling pathway that maintains microglial pro‐inflammatory responses during under conditions of aberrant NMDAR stimulation.
Microglial NMDAR‐initiated pro‐inflammatory responses require PARP‐1, maintained active through TRPM2‐mediated Ca2+ feedback and ERK1/2.
This signaling axis provides a mechanism linking chronically elevated glutamate to sustained inflammation.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper is a transcript of the dialogue between Carlo Rovelli and Mike Jackson after Rovelli's delivery of the 2021 Annual Mike Jackson Lecture, hosted by the Centre for Systems Studies at the ...University of Hull. The dialogue covers a range of topics, including how Rovelli developed a sense of curiosity in his youth; the connection between his interests in science and politics; the pathology of disciplinary divisions in academia; the value of Bogdanov's transdisciplinarity; Rovelli's theory of quantum gravity; the notions of granularity, indeterminism and relationality underpinning quantum mechanics; the role of the observer; mistaken uses of quantum mechanics; relational and network views of the world; how the discipline of Physics is becoming more systemic; the concept of levels of analysis in relation to nature and human inquiry; and the future for humanity.
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