The hemispherical 10" photomultiplier tube (PMT) R7081 from Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK) is used in various experiments in particle and astroparticle physics. We describe the test and calibration ...of 474 PMTs for the reactor antineutrino experiment Double Chooz. The unique test setup at Max-Planck-Institut fuer Kernphysik Heidelberg (MPIK) allows one to calibrate 30 PMTs simultaneously and to characterize the single photoelectron response, transit time spread, linear behaviour and saturation effects, photon detection efficiency and high voltage calibration.
HEROICA (Hades Experimental Research Of Intrinsic Crystal Appliances) is an infrastructure to characterize germanium detectors and has been designed and constructed at the HADES Underground Research ...Laboratory, located in Mol (Belgium). Thanks to the 223 m overburden of clay and sand, the muon flux is lowered by four orders of magnitude. This natural shield minimizes the exposure of radio-pure germanium material to cosmic radiation resulting in a significant suppression of cosmogenic activation in the germanium detectors. The project has been strongly motivated by a special production of germanium detectors for the GERDA experiment. GERDA, currently collecting data at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN, is searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of super(76)Ge. In the near future, GERDA will increase its mass and sensitivity by adding new Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detectors. The production of the BEGe detectors is done at Canberra in Olen (Belgium), located about 30 km from the underground test site. Therefore, HADES is used both for storage of the crystals over night, during diode production, and for the characterization measurements. A full quality control chain has been setup and tested on the first seven prototype detectors delivered by the manufacturer at the beginning of 2012. The screening capabilities demonstrate that the installed setup fulfills a fast and complete set of measurements on the diodes and it can be seen as a general test facility for the fast screening of high purity germanium detectors. The results are of major importance for a future massive production and characterization chain of germanium diodes foreseen for a possible next generation 1-tonne double beta decay experiment with super(76)Ge.
An infrastructure to characterize germanium detectors has been designed and constructed at the HADES Underground Research Laboratory, located in Mol (Belgium). Thanks to the 223m overburden of clay ...and sand, the muon flux is lowered by four orders of magnitude. This natural shield minimizes the exposure of radio-pure germanium material to cosmic radiation resulting in a significant suppression of cosmogenic activation in the germanium detectors. The project has been strongly motivated by a special production of germanium detectors for the GERDA experiment. GERDA, currently collecting data at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN, is searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 76Ge. In the near future, GERDA will increase its mass and sensitivity by adding new Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detectors. The production of the BEGe detectors is done at Canberra in Olen (Belgium), located about 30km from the underground test site. Therefore, HADES is used both for storage of the crystals over night, during diode production, and for the characterization measurements. A full quality control chain has been setup and tested on the first seven prototype detectors delivered by the manufacturer at the beginning of 2012. The screening capabilities demonstrate that the installed setup fulfills a fast and complete set of measurements on the diodes and it can be seen as a general test facility for the fast screening of high purity germanium detectors. The results are of major importance for a future massive production and characterization chain of germanium diodes foreseen for a possible next generation 1-tonne double beta decay experiment with 76Ge.
We report asymmetric bioinspired total syntheses of the fungal metabolites emeriones A–C via stereoselective oxidations of two bicyclo4.2.0octadiene diastereomers. The central bicyclic scaffolds are ...prepared in an 8π/6π electrocyclization cascade of a stereodefined pentaene, which contains the fully assembled side chains of the emeriones. The anti‐aldol side chain is made using a Paterson‐aldol addition, and the epoxide of the dioxabicyclo3.1.0hexane side chain via ring‐closure onto an oxidized acetal. Our work has enabled the structural revision of emerione C, and resulted in the synthesis of a “missing” family member, which we call emerione D. DFT calculations identified two methyl groups that govern torquoselectivity in the 8π/6π cascade.
The emeriones, three highly oxidized and densely functionalized polyketides, were synthesized from two enantioenriched fragments in a Stille‐8π/6π sequence, followed by late‐stage stereo‐ and chemoselective oxidations. This work enabled the structural revision of emerione C.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The number of elderly delinquent individuals living in prisons and forensic hospitals is increasing. For both settings, complex needs have been described for the elderly related to age-related ...changes and frequent somatic disorders as well as mental disorders, primarily depressive symptoms.. One of the biggest challenges are cognitive impairments which have been described for both groups, probably not least due to frequent risk factors (e.g., substance abuse, depressive symptoms). Given that the group of forensic patients has a manifest mental illness, which is usually treated with psychopharmaceuticals, the question arises as to what extent cognitive deficits are more frequent here. For both groups, the detection of cognitive deficits with regard to therapy and release planning is of relevance. In sum, studies on cognitive function in both populations are rare, and the results are hard to compare due to different instruments to assess cognition.
Sociodemographic, health-, and incarceration-related data were collected as well as neuropsychological functions using established instruments to evaluate global cognitive functioning (Mini-Mental State Examination MMSE, DemTect), executive function (Frontal Assessment Battery FAB, and Trail Making Test TMT).
In the final sample, 57 prisoners and 34 forensic inpatients from North Rhine Westphalia, Germany being 60 years and older were included. The groups were comparable in age (prisoners: M = 66.5 years, SD ± 5.3; forensic inpatients: M = 66.8 years, SD ± 7.5) and education (prisoners: M = 11.47, SD ± 2.91; forensic inpatients: M = 11.39, SD ± 3.64), but the offenders in forensic psychiatry had spent significantly more time in the correctional setting than prisoners (prisoners: M = 8.6, SD ± 10.8; forensic inpatients: M = 15.6 years, SD ± 11.9). In both groups cognitive deficits were frequent. Depending on the tests and population, between 42% and 64% showed impairments in global cognition, and between 22% and 70% were classified with impaired executive functioning. We found no significant differences in global cognition or executive functions assessed with the TMT between the two groups. However, forensic inpatients were significantly more impaired in the FAB compared to the prisoners.
The results emphasize the high frequency of cognitive dysfunction in both settings and a possibly higher frequency of “frontal” dysfunction in forensic inpatients, and, thus, indicate the relevance of routine neuropsychological diagnostic and treatment procedures in these settings.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The complement activating venom component Cobra Venom Factor (CVF), a functional and structural homologue of the human complement component C3, forms a stable CVF-dependent C3 convertase complex, ...which, in contrast to C3-dependent convertase effects continuous activation of the complement and, thereby, decomplementation.
In order to elucidate the mechanism underlying the enhanced activity of CVF compared to human C3, we generated two CVF/C3 chimeras and established different affinity-based assay systems for functional analysis of these constructs. To allow for convenient expression and subsequent functional characterisation, the CVF/C3 chimeras as well as CVF and C3 were transiently expressed in mammalian cells. Problems due to the low concentration of the recombinant proteins in the supernatants of transient expressions were circumvented by fusion to peptide tags enabling their efficient immobilisation onto suitable surfaces and subsequent characterisation. In an alternative approach monoclonal antibody fragments generated from a semisynthetic phage display scFv library were employed for concentrating the recombinant proteins by immunoprecipitation. Utilising both approaches all transiently expressed proteins could be characterised for their complement consumption activity. The data obtained with the CVF/C3 chimeras demonstrate that the increased stability of the CVFBb complex is independent of the domains in CVF corresponding to binding sites of factor B and H and the cleavage sites of factor I in the human C3 molecule.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Malignant melanoma of the breast Schmidt, K U; Jänner, M; Breitbart, E ...
H + G. Zeitschrift für Hautkrankheiten,
1986-Dec-15, Volume:
61, Issue:
24
Journal Article
PDF
