Alternative cancer models that are close to humans are required to create more valuable preclinical results during oncology studies. Here, a new onco‐pig model via developing a CRISPR‐Cas9‐based ...Conditional Polycistronic gene expression Cassette (CRI‐CPC) system to control the tumor inducing simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LT) and oncogenic HRASG12V. After conducting somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), transgenic embryos were transplanted into surrogate mothers and five male piglets were born. Umbilical cord analysis confirmed that all piglets were transgenic. Two of them survived and they expressed a detectable green fluorescence. The test was made whether CRI‐CPC models were naturally fertile and whether the CRI‐CPC system was stably transferred to the offspring. By mating with a normal female pig, four offspring piglets were successfully produced. Among them, only three male piglets were transgenic. Finally, their applicability was tested as cancer models after transduction of Cas9 into fibroblasts from each CRI‐CPC pig in vitro, resulting in cell acquisition of cancerous characteristics via the induction of oncogene expression. These results showed that our new CRISPR‐Cas9‐based onco‐pig model was successfully developed.
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The Layman's summary: Development of alternative cancer models that provide clinically valuable data is required to increase the efficiency of anti‐cancer drug development. Here, a novel transgenic porcine model of cancer has been developed using the CRISPR‐Cas9‐based Conditional Polycistronic gene expression Cassette (CRI‐CPC). As a proof‐of‐concept study, our model has been validated that the CRI‐CPC pig could generate transgenic offspring via natural fertility without any developmental defects and that the activation of the CRI‐CPC system could initiate a cellular transformation of their somatic cells in vitro.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background: Self-harm is an important public health problem with increasing incidences among adolescents for over a decade. This study aimed to identify factors associated with self-harm in ...adolescent psychiatric inpatients in Korea. We also investigated clinical characteristics associated with nonsuicidal self-injury disorder (NSSI-D) and suicidal behavior disorder (SBD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 criteria.Methods: This retrospective study included 215 adolescents aged between 12 to 18 years, who were admitted to the psychiatric ward of Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, from January 2014 to February 2021. Participants were divided into three groups according to NSSI-D and SBD diagnostic criteria. Collected data were analyzed using chi-square test and analysis of variance test.Results: Overall, 57.7% of the participants (n=124) reported self-harm at least once in their lives. Patients with self-harm were more likely to have experienced parental conflict, parent-child relational problems, and verbal, physical, or sexual abuse. Among the three groups divided according to NSSI-D and SBD diagnostic criteria, patients with both NSSI-D and SBD were more likely to have experienced parent-child relational problems than those with either NSSI-D only or SBD only.Conclusion: This study shows that parent-child relational problem is associated with high incidences of selfharm. Especially, the parent-child relational problem seemed to be a risk factor for SBD among patients with NSSI-D. These are important findings that provide an understanding of the self-harm characteristics and therefore improve prevention and treatment strategies in psychiatric adolescent patients.
슬래그 내 양이온 추출 및 불순물 분리 연구 이예환(Ye Hwan Lee); 강혜린(Hyerin Kang); 장영희(Younghee Jang) ...
Clean Technology, 25(4),
2019, Volume:
25, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The cation extraction and impurity separation were studied in order to investigate the recyclability of a slag produced from the steel refinery industry. Two types of slag (Slag-A, B) were collected ...and characterized in this study. The initial characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) confirmed the existence of various kinds of ions in the slag such as Ca2+ (30 ~ 40%), Fe3+ (20 ~ 30%), Si4+ (15%), Al3+ (10%), Mn2+ (7%), and Mg2+ (3 ~ 5%). Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis on the extracted slag using 2 M HCl as a solvent indicated that a higher concentration of Ca2+ was extracted as the S/L ratio was increased. The Ca2+ extraction concentration were found to be 8,940 mg L-1 (Slag-A) and 10,690 (Slag-B) mg L-1 when the S/L ratio for Ca2+ extraction was 0.1. However, the extract was strongly acidic ( < pH 1) at 0.1 S/L. Also the other ions (impurities) were extracted simultaneously in addition to Ca2+. To increase the purity of Ca2+ in order to transform the slag to a high value resource, a pH-swing was conducted. The impurities tended to precipitate at higher rate as the pH was increased. Notably, the Ca2+ rapidly precipitated above a certain pH and at a pH of 10.5, while the selectivity of Ca2+ was over 99%. It is expected that the aqueous solution in which high contents of Ca2+ was selectively dissolved in this study would be suitable for the carbonation process for reducing CO2 and for the production of calcium carbonate. 제철산업에서 발생하는 슬래그의 자원화를 위하여 슬래그 내 양이온 추출 및 불순물 분리 연구를 수행하였다. 두 종류(Slag-A, B)의 슬래그를 사용하였으며, XRD 및 XRF 분석을 통해 30 ~ 40%의 Ca2+와 함께 Fe3+ (20 ~ 30%), Si4+ (15%), Al3+ (10%), Mn2+ (7%), Mg2+ (3 ~ 5%), 등 이온으로 구성되어 있음을 확인하였다. 2 M의 HCl을 추출용제로 사용하여 S/L ratio 별로 슬래그 주입하였으며, 추출액의 ICP 분석을 통해 S/L ratio가 높아짐에 따라 Ca2+ 추출량이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. Ca2+ 추출 시 최적 S/L ratio는 0.1이며 Ca2+ 추출량은 8,940 (Slag-A), 10,690 (Slag-B) mg L-1로 나타났다. 하지만 추출액은 강산성(< pH 1)을 띠었으며 Ca2+ 이외에도 타이온(불순물)이 추출되었다. 슬래그를 고부가가치의 자원으로 이용하기 위해 Ca2+의 순도를 증진시키고자 pH-swing을 진행하였다. pH가 증가함에 따라 불순물이 침전되었으나 일정 pH 이상에서 Ca2+의 침전량이 급증 하였다. pH-swing을 통해 불순물을 분리하고 Ca2+의 선택도를 증진시킬 수 있음을 확인하였으며 pH 10.5 조건에서 Ca2+ 선택도는 99% 이상으로 나타났다. Ca2+가 선택적으로 용해되어 있는 수용액은 탄산화 공정에 적용되어 CO2를 저감하고 탄산칼슘을 생산할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the risk communication strategies of the South Korean government in response to COVID-19 and recommend effective risk communication to enhance the preventive ...actions among the public. Methods: A literature review was conducted on 18 research articles and government reports on health communication strategies during the COVID-19 crisis. Results: Perceived threat of COVID-19 varied by age, sex, and educational level. Most of the promotional materials were well written and informatic were well controlled, but some messages were not tailored to differences in risk perception by group. The Korean government provided relevant information through websites, YouTube, mobile applications, and text message. The Korean government provided the public with timely and transparent information on the pandemic. However, in the process of communication, confidentiality was violated, consumer perspectives were not fully considered, and inconsistent information was delivered. The following policy recommendations were proposed for effective risk communication: (1) adopt a multicultural approach; (2) apply a bottom-up approach to communication; (3) provide tailored information; (4) monitor the public on risk perception and governmental response; (5) use platforms for interactive communication.
Conclusion: Effective risk communication is crucial in supporting the public in making informed decisions to mitigate the pandemic risks. KCI Citation Count: 1
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that typically results in strong inflammation and bone destruction in the joints. It is generally known that the pathogenesis of RA is linked ...to cardiovascular and periodontal diseases. Though rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis share many pathologic features such as a perpetual inflammation and bone destruction, the precise mechanism underlying a link between these two diseases has not been fully elucidated. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were orally infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) or Pg preincubated with an anti-FimA antibody (FimA Ab) specific for fimbriae that are flexible appendages on the cell surface. Pg-infected CIA mice showed oral microbiota disruption and increased alveolar bone loss and had synovitis and joint bone destruction. However, preincubation with FimA Ab led to a significant reduction in the severity of both oral disease and arthritis. Moreover, FimA Ab attenuated bacterial attachment and aggregation on human gingival and rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. In addition, we discovered bacteria may utilize dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils to migrate into the joints of CIA mice. These results suggest that disrupting Pg fimbriae function by FimA Ab ameliorates RA. KCI Citation Count: 8
After online publication of this article, the authors noticed an error in the Figure section. The correct statement of this article should have read as below.
The aim of this report was to discuss the development and content of a guide on clinical performance and basic clinical skills for medical students. We published the first edition of this guide in ...2010 and will publish the second edition in 2016. Initially, we took a survey on important clinical presentations and fundamental clinical and technical skills in 41 medical schools in Korea. Ultimately, we chose 80 core clinical presentations and 56 clinical skills. In the guide to basic clinical skills, we described the physical examination and technical skills according to the preprocedural preparation, procedure, and postprocedural process. In the guide on clinical performance, we reviewed patient encounters-from history taking and the physical examination to patient education. We included communication skills, principles of patient safety, and clinical reasoning schemes into the guides. In total, 43 academic faculty members helped develop the basic clinical skills guide, 75 participated in establishing the clinical performance guide, and 16 advisors from 14 medical specialty societies contributed to the guide. These guides can help medical students approach patients holistically and safely.
Objective: This study investigated the association between anxiety symptoms in elderly insomnia patients and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Methods: In total, 46 elderly patients ...(67.91±5.61 years old, 11 males, 35 females) were enrolled. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire (APPQ), Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale were used to measure sleep quality and anxiety. Resting-state HRV was also obtained. The associations between anxiety measures and HRV were analyzed. Results: Female sex was related to higher normalized high-frequency (HF norm) power (β=0.32, p=0.04). The APPQ score was negatively correlated with the HF norm (β=-0.59, p<0.01). Age was negatively correlated with low-frequency power/high-frequency power (LF/HF) ratio (β=-0.33, p=0.04). Female sex was correlated to lower LF/HF ratio (β=-0.36, p=0.02). The APPQ score was positively correlated with LF/HF ratio (β=0.68, p<0.01). Conclusion: Panic symptoms in elderly insomnia patients were negatively correlated with parasympathetic nervous system activity.
Background: Swallowing disorder is a common disease that can cause various complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, and poor quality of life, and can affect people of ...all ages, from infants to the elderly. Swallowing disorder rehabilitation is a complex process involving various skills such as exercise, diet modification, and posture adjustment. This study implements a rehab program for swallowing disorders using the Kinesio Tapping technique. Design: Prospective pilot case study. Objectives: To improve laryngeal detachment by providing external support to the muscles involved in swallowing using kinesio taping for conventional complex swallowing disorder rehabilitation. Methods: The study included 16 participants who were diagnosed with swallowing difficulties after a stroke and admitted to a rehabilitation ward in Ulsan. The average age of the participants, consisting of 9 males and 7 females, was 69.0 years (SD=1.23) and 64.0 years (SD=1.45), respectively. The stroke types were hemorrhagic and infarction, with onset periods ranging from 6 to 12 months (SD=1.11) in all participants. Each participant received a video fluoroscopy study (VFSS) for six months using the taping method developed by the research team. Kinesio taping techniques were developed by two professional physical therapists and one occupational therapist based on anatomical movements. Results: Significant differences were observed in self-training on the bed after the rehabilitation program compared to the initial period Kinesio taping can help improve laryngeal dislocation and reduce the risk of aspiration by providing external support to the muscles involved in swallowing. However, the effectiveness and optimal application techniques of kinesio taping in the rehabilitation of swallowing disorders are not yet clear. Conclusion: The results of this study could lead to the development of a new treatment protocol that incorporates kinesio taping as a standard therapy for the rehabilitation of swallowing disorders in bedridden patients.
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